τιμάω: Difference between revisions

|Definition=<span class="bibl">Il.23.788</span>, etc.: fut. <span class="sense"><p>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">A</span> τιμήσω <span class="bibl">9.155</span>, etc., Dor. 3pl. τιμᾱσεῦντι <span class="bibl">Theoc.<span class="title">Ep.</span>7.4</span>: aor. ἐτίμησα <span class="bibl">Hdt.8.124</span>, etc., Ep. τίμησα <span class="bibl">Hes.<span class="title">Th.</span> 399</span>, Lyr. τίμᾱσα <span class="bibl">Pi.<span class="title">N.</span>6.41</span>, <span class="bibl">B.12.194</span>: pf. τετίμηκα <span class="bibl">Lys.26.17</span>, etc., Dor. τετίμᾱκα <span class="bibl">Pi.<span class="title">I.</span>4(3).37(55)</span>:—Med., fut. <b class="b3">τιμήσομαι</b> always in pass. sense, <span class="bibl"><span class="title">h.Ap.</span>485</span>, <span class="bibl">A.<span class="title">Ag.</span>581</span>, <span class="bibl">S.<span class="title">Ant.</span>210</span>, <span class="bibl">E.<span class="title">Fr.</span>360.49</span>, <span class="bibl">Th.2.87</span>, <span class="bibl">X.<span class="title">Cyr.</span>8.7.15</span> (reading <b class="b3">δι' ἄνδρα</b> with codd. DF), <span class="bibl"><span class="title">Hier.</span>9.9</span>, exc. in <span class="bibl">Pl.<span class="title">Ap.</span>37b</span>, where it is used in a technical sense (v. infr. <span class="bibl">111.2</span>): aor. <b class="b3">ἐτιμησάμην</b> in senses shared by Act., <span class="bibl">Od.19.280</span>, <span class="bibl">20.129</span>, <span class="bibl">Il.22.235</span>, <span class="bibl">Th.3.40</span>; in sense <span class="bibl">111.2</span>, <span class="bibl">Pl.<span class="title">Cri.</span>52c</span>:—Pass., fut. τιμηθήσομαι <span class="bibl">Th.6.80</span>, <span class="bibl">D.19.223</span>, <span class="title">IG</span>22.1182.9, etc.; τετιμήσομαι <span class="bibl">Lys.31.24</span> codd. (<b class="b3">τιμήσεται</b> Cobet): aor. ἐτιμήθην <span class="bibl">Hdt.5.5</span>, etc.; Lyr. 3pl. τίμᾱθεν <span class="bibl">Pi.<span class="title">Parth.</span>2.41</span>: pf. τετίμημαι <span class="bibl">Il.12.310</span>, etc.; also Med. in technical sense, v. <span class="bibl">111.2</span>:—<b class="b2">honour, revere, reverence</b> (in this sense the Med. is used only by Hom.); of the honour rendered to superiors, as by men to gods, by men to their elders, rulers, or guests, περὶ κῆρι θεὸν ὣς τιμήσαντο <span class="bibl">Od.19.280</span>, etc.; τίμα τὸν πατέρα σου <span class="bibl">LXX <span class="title">Ex.</span>20.12</span>, al.; conversely of the honour bestowed by gods upon a man, <b class="b3">μερμήριζε</b> (sc. <b class="b3">Ζεὺς</b>)... ὡς Ἀχιλῆα τιμήσῃ <span class="bibl">Il.2.4</span>, cf. <span class="bibl">15.612</span>, <span class="bibl">Od. 3.379</span>; by a father on his son, <span class="bibl">14.203</span>, <span class="bibl">Hes.<span class="title">Th.</span>532</span>; by an elder brother, <span class="bibl">Il.22.235</span> (Med.): also in Pi., Hdt., and Att., ἐξόχως τίμας εν <span class="bibl">Pi.<span class="title">O.</span>9.69</span>; δαιμόνων τιμᾶν γένος <span class="bibl">A.<span class="title">Th.</span>236</span>; θεοὺς τιμῶντες <span class="bibl">S.<span class="title">OC</span>277</span>, cf. <span class="bibl">1071</span> (lyr.), <span class="bibl">Hdt.2.29</span>; σέβεσθαι καὶ τ. τοὺς θεούς <span class="bibl">X.<span class="title">Mem.</span>4.3.13</span>; ἱλασκομένοις καὶ τιμῶσιν . . Δία Πατρώϊον <span class="title">SIG</span>1044.6 (Halic., iv/iii B.C.); τὸν φίλον τιμῶσιν ἐξ ἴσου πατρί <span class="bibl">S.<span class="title">Ant.</span>644</span>, cf. <span class="bibl">516</span>, <span class="bibl">E.<span class="title">Med.</span>660</span> (lyr.), <span class="bibl">Hdt.7.107</span>, etc.; θεοὶ δ' ὅταν τιμῶσιν, οὐδὲν δεῖ φίλων <span class="bibl">E.<span class="title">HF</span>1338</span>: abs., <b class="b3">οἱ τύραννοι μάλιστα δύνανται τιμᾶν</b> <b class="b2">bestow honours</b>, <span class="bibl">D.20.15</span> (<b class="b3">τιμᾶν</b> secl. Bake), cf. <span class="bibl">Pl.<span class="title">Lg.</span>631e</span>: hence simply, <b class="b2">reward</b>, <span class="bibl">X.<span class="title">Cyr.</span> 3.3.6</span>, <span class="bibl">Isoc.9.42</span> (so in Pass., <span class="bibl">Hdt.7.213</span>, <span class="bibl">Lys.12.64</span>, <span class="bibl">19.18</span>); <b class="b3">ἐπαινεῖν καὶ τ., τ. καὶ δωρεῖσθαι, δωρεῖσθαί τε καὶ τ., τ. καὶ χαρίζεσθαι</b>, <span class="bibl">X.<span class="title">Cyr.</span>1.2.12</span>, <span class="bibl">3.2.28</span>, <span class="bibl">8.2.10</span>, <span class="bibl">2.4.9</span>: c. dat. modi, <b class="b3">δωτίνῃσι θεὸν ὣς τιμήσουσι</b> <b class="b2">will honour</b> him <b class="b2">with</b> gifts, <span class="bibl">Il.9.155</span>; ξεῖνον ἐτιμήσασθ' ἐνὶ οἴκῳ εὐνῇ καὶ σίτῳ <span class="bibl">Od.20.129</span>; <b class="b3">τιμᾶν τινα τάφῳ, γόοις</b>, <span class="bibl">A.<span class="title">Th.</span>1051</span>, <span class="bibl"><span class="title">Supp.</span>116</span> (lyr.); πόλιν τ. συμμάχῳ δορί <span class="bibl">Id.<span class="title">Eu.</span>773</span>; ἐσθήμασι <span class="bibl">Th.3.58</span>; χοροῖς <span class="bibl">E.<span class="title">Ba.</span>220</span>; δώροις <span class="bibl">X.<span class="title">An.</span>1.9.14</span>, <span class="bibl"><span class="title">HG</span>6.1.6</span>; στρεπτοῖς καὶ ψελίοις τ. καὶ κοσμεῖν τινα <span class="bibl">Id.<span class="title">Cyr.</span>1.3.3</span>:—Pass., mostly in pf. <b class="b3">τετίμημαι</b>, which alone is pass. in Hom., <b class="b2">to be honoured, held in honour</b>, <span class="bibl">Il.9.608</span>, <span class="bibl">Od. 7.69</span>; ἐτιμήθη παρὰ Ξέρξῃ <span class="bibl">Hdt.8.105</span>; ὑπό τινος <span class="bibl">Pl.<span class="title">R.</span>426c</span>, etc.; τετίμαται πρὸς ἀθανάτων <span class="bibl">Pi.<span class="title">I.</span>4(3).59(77)</span>; σκήπτρῳ . . δῶκε τετιμῆσθαι περὶ πάντων <span class="bibl">Il.9.38</span>, cf. <span class="bibl">12.310</span>; τιμᾶσθαι προεδρίαις <span class="bibl">X.<span class="title">Vect.</span>3.4</span>, cf. <span class="bibl"><span class="title">Cyr.</span>8.4.2</span>; ἐκ τοῦ πολεμεῖν <span class="bibl">Th.5.16</span>: c. acc. cogn. attracted to gen., ὥς μευ ἀεὶ μέμνησαι ἐνηέος, οὐδέ σε λήθω, τιμῆς ἧς τέ μ' ἔοικε τετιμῆσθαι <span class="bibl">Il.23.649</span> (but c. gen., <b class="b3">τετειμημένος ὑπὸ τῶν αὐτοκρατόρων τετάρτης στρατείας</b> ( = Lat. <b class="b2">quattuor militiis)</b> Supp.Epigr.7.145 (Palmyra, ii A.D.)); <b class="b3">οἱ τετιμηυένοι</b> <b class="b2">men of rank, men in office</b>, <span class="bibl">X.<span class="title">Cyr.</span>8.3.9</span>; <b class="b3">οἱ τιμώμενοι</b> ib. <span class="bibl">8.8.4</span>, cf. <span class="bibl">E.<span class="title">Or.</span>[913]</span>; <b class="b3">τῆς πόλεως τὸ τιμώμενον ἀπὸ τοῦ ἄρχειν</b> <b class="b2">the honour enjoyed by</b> the city, <span class="bibl">Th.2.63</span>. </span><span class="sense">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">II</span> of things, <b class="b2">hold in honour</b> or <b class="b2">esteem, value, prize</b>, h.Hom.25.6, <span class="bibl">Pi.<span class="title">O.</span>6.72</span>, etc.; <b class="b3">τί τὴν τυραννίδα τιμᾷς ὑπέρφευ</b>; <span class="bibl">E.<span class="title">Ph.</span>550</span>; <b class="b3">νόμους τ</b>. <span class="bibl">Id.<span class="title">Tr.</span>1211</span>; <b class="b3">τὴν εὐσέβειαν, ἀγνωμοσύναν</b>, <span class="bibl">Id.<span class="title">Ion</span>1046</span>, <span class="bibl"><span class="title">Ba.</span>885</span> (lyr.); ἰσότητα <span class="bibl">Id.<span class="title">Ph.</span>536</span>, cf. <span class="bibl">Pl.<span class="title">Tht.</span>149c</span>; τὸ σωφρονεῖν τ. τοῦ βίου πλέον <span class="bibl">A.<span class="title">Supp.</span>1013</span>. </span><span class="sense">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">2</span> c. gen. pretii, <b class="b2">estimate</b> or <b class="b2">value at</b> a certain price, <span class="bibl">Pl.<span class="title">Lg.</span>917c</span>, <span class="bibl">921b</span>, <span class="bibl"><span class="title">PCair.Zen.</span>269.13</span>,<span class="bibl">15</span> (iii B.C.), <span class="bibl"><span class="title">UPZ</span>67.3</span> (ii B.C.), etc.; πλοῖα τετιμημένα χρημάτων <span class="bibl">Th.4.26</span>: abs., <b class="b3">τετιμῆσθαι ἕκαστον τὴν οὐσίαν χρεών</b> that each man should <b class="b2">have</b> his property <b class="b2">valued</b> (for assessment), <span class="bibl">Pl.<span class="title">Lg.</span>955d</span>, etc.; οἱ ὑπὲρ τὰς μυρίας τιμώμενοι δραχμάς <span class="bibl">Plb.6.23.15</span>; <b class="b3">τὸ τιμηθέν</b> the <b class="b2">estimate</b>, <span class="bibl">Pl. <span class="title">Lg.</span>954b</span>:—freq. in Med., <b class="b3">διακοσίων ταλάντων ἐτιμήσατο &lt;τὰ&gt; αὑτοῦ</b> <b class="b2">estimated</b> his property <b class="b2">at . .</b>, <span class="bibl">Lys.19.48</span>, cf. <span class="bibl"><span class="title">PPetr.</span>2</span> intr.<span class="bibl">p.33</span>(iii B.C.); <b class="b3">πρὸ παντὸς τιμᾶσθαί τι</b>, like [[περὶ παντὸς ποιεῖσθαι]] (v. περί A. IV), <span class="bibl">Th. 3.40</span>, cf. <span class="bibl">1.33</span>; <b class="b3">πλείονος, μείζονος τιμᾶσθαι</b>, <span class="bibl">X.<span class="title">Mem.</span>3.10.10</span>, <span class="bibl"><span class="title">Cyr.</span>2.1.13</span>; τοσούτου τ. τὴν πολιτείαν <span class="bibl">D.22.45</span>; <b class="b3">μίαν ἡδονὴν θανάτου τ</b>. Plu. 2.5b: also with Preps., ἀντὶ παντὸς ἂν τιμησαίμην εἰπεῖν τοῦ βίου <span class="bibl">D.18.214</span>: without a gen., ἐτιμήσαντο τήν τε χώραν καὶ τὰς οἰκίας <span class="bibl">Plb.2.62.7</span>: simply, <b class="b2">value, estimate</b>, ἐν προικί <span class="bibl">Is.3.35</span>, cf. <span class="bibl">D.47.57</span> (Pass.), <span class="bibl">53.1</span>; τινα <span class="bibl">LXX <span class="title">Le.</span>27.8</span>, <span class="bibl"><span class="title">Ev.Matt.</span>27.9</span>. </span><span class="sense">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">3</span> rarely, <b class="b2">award</b> or <b class="b2">give as an honour</b>, Παιάν τέ σοι τιμᾷ φάος <span class="bibl">Pi.<span class="title">P.</span>4.270</span>; ταὐτὰ τῇδέ μοι τάδε τιμᾶτε <span class="bibl">S.<span class="title">Aj.</span>688</span>; ἐκείνῳ δυσσεβῆ τιμᾷς χάριν <span class="bibl">Id.<span class="title">Ant.</span>514</span>; πατρῴαν τιμῶν χάριν <span class="bibl">E.<span class="title">Or.</span>829</span> (lyr.): hence, </span><span class="sense">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">III</span> as Att. lawterm (cf. τίμημα <span class="bibl">4</span>): </span><span class="sense">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">1</span> in Act. (later in Med., <span class="bibl"><span class="title">PHal.</span>1.201</span> (iii B.C.), <span class="bibl">D.L.2.41</span>, etc.), of the court, <b class="b2">estimate the amount of punishment due</b> to the criminal, <b class="b2">award the penalty</b>, τιμάτω τὸ δικαστήριον, ὅ τι ἂν δέῃ πάσχειν . . τὸν ἡττηθέντα <span class="bibl">Pl.<span class="title">Lg.</span>843b</span>; <b class="b3">τὴν ἀξίαν τῆς βλάβης</b> ib.<span class="bibl">879b</span>; <b class="b3">τ. τὰς βλάβας</b> ib.<span class="bibl">843d</span>; <b class="b3">τ. τὴν δίκην</b> ib.<span class="bibl">880d</span> (cf. infr. <span class="bibl">2c</span>); <b class="b3">ἅπασι τ. τὴν μακράν</b> (sc. <b class="b3">γραμμήν</b>) <b class="b2">award</b> them the long line, i.e. sentence of death, <span class="bibl">Ar.<span class="title">V.</span>106</span>, ubi v. Sch.: abs., <b class="b3">ὡς ἐγὼ τιμᾶν βλέπω</b> I carry <b class="b2">penalty</b> in my eyes, am itching for pains and penalties, ib.<span class="bibl">847</span>: the sentence or judgement awarded is added in the gen., <b class="b3">τ. τινὶ θανάτου</b> (sc. <b class="b3">δίκην</b>) <b class="b2">give sentence</b> of death <b class="b2">against</b> a man, <b class="b2">condemn</b> him to death, <span class="bibl">Lys.27.7</span> (cf. 8), <span class="bibl">Pl.<span class="title">Grg.</span>516a</span>, <span class="bibl">D.24.103</span> (Pass.), <span class="bibl">32.15</span>; <b class="b3">τ. τινὶ δέκα ταλάντων</b> <b class="b2">mulct</b> him in ten talents, <span class="bibl">Id.58.31</span>; <b class="b3">τίνος τιμήσειν αὐτῷ προσδοκᾷς τὸ δικαστήριον</b>; at what do you expect the court <b class="b2">to fix</b> his <b class="b2">penalty?</b> <span class="bibl">Id.21.151</span>, cf. <span class="bibl">Pl.<span class="title">Ap.</span>37c</span>; <b class="b3">ἡ ἡλιαία τιμάτω περὶ αὐτοῦ ὅτου ἂν δόξῃ ἄξιος εἶναι παθεῖν</b> Lexap.<span class="bibl">D.21.47</span>: c. acc. pers., τιμάτωσαν αὐτὸν καθ' ὅτι ἂν δοκῇ τῷ κοινῷ <span class="title">IG</span>22.1275.16:—Pass., <b class="b3">τιμᾶσθαι ἀργυρίου</b> <b class="b2">to be condemned</b> to a fine, τινος <b class="b2">for</b> a thing, <span class="bibl">Lys.6.22</span>, Lex ap.<span class="bibl">D.21.47</span>; <b class="b3">ἐὰν . . ᾖ τῳ θανάτου τετιμημένον</b> if <b class="b2">sentence</b> of death <b class="b2">has been passed</b> upon one, <span class="bibl">Pl.<span class="title">Lg.</span>946e</span>, cf. <span class="bibl">Antipho 6.38</span>. </span><span class="sense">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">2</span> in Med., of the parties before the court, </span><span class="sense">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">a</span> of the accuser, <b class="b3">τιμᾶταί μοι ὁ ἀνὴρ θανάτου</b> (sc. <b class="b3">τὴν δίκην</b>) he <b class="b2">estimates</b> the penalty <b class="b2">at</b> death (gen. pretii) for me, <span class="bibl">Pl.<span class="title">Ap.</span>36b</span>; εἰ βούλοιτο θανάτου σοι τιμᾶσθαι <span class="bibl">Id.<span class="title">Grg.</span>486b</span>, cf. <span class="bibl">D. 25.74</span>,83, etc. </span><span class="sense">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">b</span> of the person accused (cf. <b class="b3">ἀντιτιμάω, ὑποτιμάω</b>) <b class="b3">, τιμήσεσθαι τοιούτου τινὸς ἐμαυτῷ</b> <b class="b2">estimate</b> the penalty for myself at so high a rate, <span class="bibl">Pl.<span class="title">Ap.</span>37b</span>, cf. <span class="bibl">38b</span>; ἐξῆν σοι φυγῆς τιμήσασθαι <span class="bibl">Id.<span class="title">Cri.</span>52c</span>; ἔδησεν ἑαυτὸν τιμησάμενος δεσμοῦ <span class="bibl">Lys.6.21</span>: pf. Pass., θανάτου τετιμημένος ἑαυτῷ <span class="bibl">Din.1.1</span>:—<span class="bibl">Arist.<span class="title">Rh.</span>1375a1</span> uses the Act. in this sense. </span><span class="sense">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">c</span> the acc. of <b class="b3">δίκη</b> or of the offence is added, πέντε μυριάδων τιμησάμενος τὴν δίκην <span class="bibl">Plu.<span class="title">Cic.</span>8</span>, cf. <span class="bibl"><span class="title">Lys.</span>13</span>, <span class="bibl">D.L.2.42</span>; θανάτου τιμῶμαι τὰ πεπολιτευμένα ἐμαυτῷ <span class="bibl">Plu.<span class="title">Phoc.</span>34</span>.</span>