ἐπιτίθημι: Difference between revisions

|Definition=Pass. mostly furnished by <b class="b3">ἐπίκειμαι</b> : <span class="sense">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">A</span> Act., [[lay]], [[put]] or <b class="b2">place upon</b>, of offerings <b class="b2">laid on</b> the altar, ἐπὶ μηρία θέντες Ἀπόλλωνι <span class="bibl">Od.21.267</span>, cf. <span class="bibl">3.179</span> ; λιβανωτόν <span class="bibl">Ar.<span class="title">Nu.</span>426</span>, <span class="bibl"><span class="title">V.</span>96</span>, <span class="bibl">Antipho 1.18</span> ; [[set]] meats [[on]] the table, εἴδατα πόλλ' ἐπιθεῖσα <span class="bibl">Od.1.140</span>, cf. <span class="bibl">10.355</span> ; <b class="b3">πάντ' ἐπιθεῖτε</b> [[on]] the car, <span class="bibl">Il.24.264</span> ; [νέκυας] ἐπὶ νηυσὶ τιθέντες <span class="bibl">Od.24.419</span> ; <b class="b3">τινὶ κύρτον καὶ κώπαν</b>, as a grave-monument, <span class="title">AP</span>7.505 (=Sapph.120) : Constr. mostly ἐ. τινί τι, τῷ ἰσχυροτέρῳ πλέον βάρος <span class="bibl">X.<span class="title">Oec.</span>17.9</span>, etc. : but also c.gen., ἐ. λεχέων τινά <span class="bibl">Il.24.589</span> ; ἐ. τι ἐπί τινος <span class="bibl">Hdt.2.121</span>.<b class="b3">δ'</b> ; κεφαλὴν ἐπὶ στέρνα τινός <span class="bibl">X.<span class="title">Cyr.</span>7.3.14</span>: c. acc. only, <b class="b2">put upon, set up</b>, <b class="b3">ἐ. φάρμακα</b> [[apply]] salves, <span class="bibl">Il.4.190</span> ; δέελον δ' ἐπὶ σῆμά τ' ἔθηκε <span class="bibl">10.466</span> ; στήλην λίθου <span class="bibl">Hdt.7.183</span> ; φάκελον ξύλων <span class="bibl">E.<span class="title">Cyc.</span>243</span> ; <b class="b3">ἐ. μνημεῖά τινι</b> to him, <span class="bibl">Id.<span class="title">IT</span>702</span>, cf. <span class="title">IG</span>14.446 (Tauromenium), 12.1068. </span><span class="sense">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">2</span> <b class="b2">set upon, turn towards</b>, Ἑκτορέοις ἐπὶ φρένα θῆχ' ἱεροῖσιν <span class="bibl">Il.10.46</span> ; but <b class="b3">τῇ δ' ἄρ' ἐπὶ φρεσὶ θῆκε</b> c. inf., [[put]] it [[into]] her mind to.., <span class="bibl">Od.21.1</span>. </span><span class="sense">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">II</span> <b class="b2">put on</b> a covering or lid, ὡς εἴ τε φαρέτρῃ πῶμ' ἐπιθείη <span class="bibl">9.314</span> ; <b class="b3">κεφαλῇ ἐπέθηκε</b> (as v.l. for [[ἐφύπερθἐ καλύπτρην]] <span class="bibl">5.232</span> ; <b class="b3">λίθον δ' ἐπέθηκε θύρῃσι</b>, i.e. [[put]] a stone <b class="b2">as a door</b> to the cave, [[put]] it [[before]] the door, <span class="bibl">13.370</span> ; also, [[put]] a door [[to]], κολλητὰς ἐπέθηκα θύρας <span class="bibl">23.194</span> ; θύρας ἐπέθηκε φαεινάς <span class="bibl">21.45</span> ; θυρεὸν μέγαν <span class="bibl">9.240</span> (v. infr. B. 11). </span><span class="sense">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">2</span> [[set]] a seal [[on]], <span class="bibl"><span class="title">BGU</span>361 iii 22</span> (ii A.D.) ; [[apply]] a pessary, Hp.<span class="title">Steril.</span>214 (Pass.) ; a cupping instrument, <span class="bibl">Sor.2.11</span> (Pass.). </span><span class="sense">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">III</span> <b class="b2">put to, add, grant</b> or <b class="b2">give besides</b>, ὅσσα τε νῦν ὔμμ' ἐστὶ καὶ εἴ ποθεν ἄλλ' ἐπιθεῖτε <span class="bibl">Od.22.62</span>, cf. <span class="bibl">Il.7.364</span>, etc. ; <b class="b3">κράτος, κῦδός τινι</b>, <span class="bibl">1.509</span> (tm.), <span class="bibl">23.400</span> (tm.), <span class="bibl">406</span> (tm.) ; <b class="b3">ἡμιτάλαντον χρυσοῦ</b> ib.<span class="bibl">796</span>. </span><span class="sense">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">2</span> of Time, <b class="b2">add, bring on</b>, ἕβδομον ἦμαρ ἐπὶ Ζεὺς θῆκε <span class="bibl">Od.12.399</span> ; μάλα πολλὰ [ἔτεα] <span class="bibl">Hes.<span class="title">Op.</span>697</span>. </span><span class="sense">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">IV</span> <b class="b2">put on</b> as a finish, χρυσέην ἐπέθηκε κορώνην <span class="bibl">Il.4.111</span> ; περόνην <span class="bibl">Od. 19.256</span> : metaph., <b class="b3">οὐδὲ τέλος μύθῳ ἐπιθήσεις</b> [[add]] fulfilment, <span class="bibl">Il.19.107</span>, cf. <span class="bibl">20.369</span> ; so later ἐ. κεφάλαἰ ἐφ' ἅπασι <span class="bibl">D.21.18</span> ; κολοφῶνα ἐ. τῇ σοφίᾳ <span class="bibl">Pl.<span class="title">Euthd.</span>301e</span> ; <b class="b3">τέλος ἐπιτεθήκατον</b> ib.<span class="bibl">272a</span> ; πέρας ἐ. τῇ γενέσει <span class="bibl">Arist.<span class="title">GA</span>776a4</span> ; πίστιν ἐ. <span class="bibl">D.12.22</span>, <span class="bibl">49.42</span> ; ὁ δὲ μισθωσάμενος πίστιν ἐπιθήσει πρὸς τοὺς νεωποίας <span class="title">SIG</span>963.34 (Arcesine, iv B. C.) ; πέρας ἐ. τῷ πράγματι <span class="bibl"><span class="title">PGiss.</span>25.7</span> (ii A. D.), etc. ; <b class="b3">ὅρον ἐ. τῷ πράγματι</b> Mitteis <span class="title">Chr.</span>87.2 (ii A. D.). </span><span class="sense">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">V</span> [[impose]], [[inflict]] a penalty, σοὶ δέ, γέρον, θωὴν ἐπιθήσομεν <span class="bibl">Od.2.192</span> ; <b class="b3">δίκην, ζημίην, ἄποινα ἐ. τινί</b>, <span class="bibl">Hdt.1.120</span>,<span class="bibl">144</span>, <span class="bibl">9.120</span>, etc. ; θάνατον δίκην ἐ. τινί <span class="bibl">Pl.<span class="title">Lg.</span>838c</span> ; δίκην τὴν πρέπουσαν <span class="bibl">Id.<span class="title">Criti.</span>106b</span> ; ἔργων ἀντ' ἀδίκων χαλεπὴν ἐ. ἀμοιβήν <span class="bibl">Hes.<span class="title">Op.</span> 334</span> ; τιμωρίαν ὑπέρ τινος <span class="bibl">D.60.11</span> (cf. infr. B. IV) : so of burdens, grievances, etc., θήσειν..ἐπ' ἄλγεα Τρωσί <span class="bibl">Il.2.39</span> ; οἷσιν ἐπὶ Ζεὺς θῆκε κακὸν μόρον <span class="bibl">6.357</span> ; [ἄτην] οἱ ἐπὶ φρεσὶθῆκε..Ἐρινύς <span class="bibl">Od.15.234</span> ; <b class="b3">ἀνάγκην ἐ</b>. c. inf., <span class="bibl">X.<span class="title">Lac.</span>10.7</span> ; <b class="b3">ἐ...μὴ τυγχάνειν</b> <b class="b2">imposing as a penalty</b> not to.., ib.<span class="bibl">3.3</span> (v. infr. B. IV). </span><span class="sense">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">VI</span> [[dispatch]] a letter, <b class="b3">ἐ. τι ἐς Αἴγυπτον, ἐς Μυτιλήνην</b>, <span class="bibl">Hdt.3.42</span>, <span class="bibl">5.95</span> ; ἐ. [ἐπιστολάς] <span class="bibl">D.34.28</span>. </span><span class="sense">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">VII</span> [[give]] a name, <span class="bibl">Hdt.5.68</span>, <span class="bibl">Pl.<span class="title">Smp.</span>205b</span>, etc. </span><span class="sense">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">VIII</span> [[contribute]] (capital) [[to]] a venture, ἐς πεῖραν <span class="title">Leg.Gort.</span>9.44. </span><span class="sense">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">B</span> Med., with pf. Pass. ἐπιτέθειμαι Plu.2.975d, also aor. Pass., <span class="title">Inscr.Prien.</span> (v. infr.), etc.:—<b class="b2">put on oneself</b> or <b class="b2">for oneself</b>, <b class="b3">ἐπὶ στεφάνην κεφαλῆφιν..θήκατο</b> [[placed]] a helmet <b class="b2">on his</b> head, <span class="bibl">Il.10.30</span> ; κρατὶ δ' ἐπὶ..κυνέην θέτο <span class="bibl">5.743</span>, cf. <span class="bibl">E.<span class="title">Ba.</span>702</span> (tm.), etc.; <b class="b3">χεῖρας ἐπ' ἀνδροφόνους θέμενος στήθεσσι</b> <b class="b2">laying one's</b> hands [[upon]].., <span class="bibl">Il.18.317</span> ; <b class="b3">κτύπημα χειρὸς κάρᾳ</b> <b class="b2">on one's</b> head, <span class="bibl">E.<span class="title">Andr.</span>1210</span> (lyr.). </span><span class="sense">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">II</span> <b class="b2">put on</b> or [[to]], as a door, πύλας τοῖς ὠσὶν ἐπίθεσθε <span class="bibl">Pl.<span class="title">Smp.</span>218b</span> ; θύρας <span class="bibl">Orph.<span class="title">Fr.</span> 245</span>, al., etc. (v. supr. A. 11). </span><span class="sense">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">III</span> <b class="b2">apply oneself to, employ oneself on</b> or [[in]], c. dat., ναυτιλίῃσι μακρῇσι <span class="bibl">Hdt.1.1</span> ; <b class="b3">τῇ πείρᾳ, τοῖς ἔργοις</b>, <span class="bibl">Th.7.42</span>, <span class="bibl">X.<span class="title">Mem.</span>2.8.3</span>, etc. ; τοῖς πολιτικοῖς <span class="bibl">Pl.<span class="title">Grg.</span>527d</span> : c. inf., <b class="b2">attempt to</b>.., φιλοσοφεῖν ἐπέθετο <span class="bibl">Alex.36.3</span> ; γράφειν <span class="bibl">Isoc.5.1</span>, cf. <span class="bibl">Pl. <span class="title">Sph.</span>242b</span>:—Pass., ἐπετέθη πρὸς τὸν πόλεμον <span class="title">Inscr.Prien.</span>17.38 (iii B.C.). </span><span class="sense">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">2</span> <b class="b2">make an attempt upon, attack</b>, τῇ Εὐβοίῃ <span class="bibl">Hdt.5.31</span> ; Ἐφεσίοισι <span class="bibl">Id.1.26</span>, cf. <span class="bibl">102</span>, <span class="bibl">8.27</span> ; τῷ δήμῳ <span class="bibl">Th.6.61</span> ; τῇ δημοκρατίᾳ <span class="bibl">X.<span class="title">Ath.</span> 3.12</span> ; <b class="b3">ἐ. τῇ τοῦ δήμου καταλύσει</b> [[attempt]] it, <span class="bibl">Aeschin.3.235</span> ; τυραννίδι <span class="bibl">Lycurg.125</span> ; ἀρχῇ Plu.2.772d ; <b class="b3">ἐ. ταῖς ἁμαρτίαις</b> or <b class="b3">τοῖς ἀτυχήμασί τινος</b> <b class="b2">take advantage of</b> them, <span class="bibl">Isoc.2.3</span>, <span class="bibl">D.23.70</span> : abs., <b class="b2">make an attack</b>, κατ' ἀμφότερα <span class="bibl">Th.7.42</span>, cf. <span class="bibl">Arist.<span class="title">Pol.</span>1302b25</span>. </span><span class="sense">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">3</span> abs., <b class="b3">δικαιοσύνην ἐπιθέμενος ἤσκεε</b> he practised justice <b class="b2">with assiduity</b>, <span class="bibl">Hdt.1.96</span>, cf. <span class="bibl">6.60</span>. </span><span class="sense">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">IV</span> <b class="b2">bring on oneself</b>, ἐπέθου θύος δημοθρόους τ' ἀράς <span class="bibl">A.<span class="title">Ag.</span> 1409</span>. </span><span class="sense">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">2</span> [[cause]] a penalty <b class="b2">to be imposed</b>, θάνατον ζημίαν ἐπιθέσθαι <span class="bibl">Th.2.24</span> ; φόβον τινί <span class="bibl">X.<span class="title">Cyr.</span>4.5.41</span>. </span><span class="sense">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">V</span> <b class="b2">lay commands on</b>, τί τινι <span class="bibl">Hdt.1.111</span>, cf. <span class="title">OGI</span>669.61 (Egypt, i A.D.): also c. inf., <span class="bibl">Hdt.3.63</span>, v.l. in <span class="bibl">Ath.11.465d</span>. </span><span class="sense">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">VI</span> [[give]] a name, τινί <span class="bibl">Od.8.554</span>(tm.), cf. <span class="bibl">Arist. <span class="title">Po.</span>1451b10</span>. </span><span class="sense">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">VII</span> [[contribute]], <b class="b3">πολλοὶ ἐπέθεντο τὰς ἐπιδόσεις εἰς τὴν παρασκευὴν τοῦ πολέμου</b> prob. in <span class="title">SIG</span>346.29 (iv B. C.).</span>