γνώμη: Difference between revisions

|Definition=ἡ, <span class="sense"><p>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">A</span> <b class="b2">means of knowing</b>: hence, [[mark]], [[token]], <span class="bibl">Thgn.60</span> (pl.); of the teeth (cf. γνώμων <span class="bibl">111</span>), <span class="bibl">Arist.<span class="title">HA</span>576b15</span>. </span><span class="sense">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">II</span> <b class="b2">organ by which one perceives</b> or [[knows]], [[intelligence]], </span><span class="sense">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">1</span> [[thought]], [[judgement]] (τῆς ψυχῆς ἡ γ. <span class="bibl">Pl.<span class="title">Lg.</span>672b</span>), ἐκμαθεῖν ψυχήν τε καὶ φρόνημα καὶ γ. <span class="bibl">S. <span class="title">Ant.</span>176</span>: acc. abs., <b class="b3">γνώμην ἱκανός</b> [[intelligent]], <span class="bibl">Hdt.3.4</span>; <b class="b3">γ. ἀγαθός, κακός</b>, <span class="bibl">S.<span class="title">OT</span>687</span>, <span class="bibl"><span class="title">Ph.</span>910</span>; τοιάδε τὴν γ. <span class="bibl">Id.<span class="title">El.</span>1021</span>; κατὰ γ. ἴδρις <span class="bibl">Id.<span class="title">OT</span>1087</span> (lyr.); γνώμᾳ διπλόαν θέτο βουλάν <span class="bibl">Pi.<span class="title">N.</span>10.89</span>; γνώμῃ μαθεῖν τι <span class="bibl">S.<span class="title">OC</span>403</span>; γνώμῃ κυρήσας <span class="bibl">Id.<span class="title">OT</span>398</span>; <b class="b3">γνώμῃ φρενῶν</b>, opp. <b class="b3">ὀργῇ</b>, ib. <span class="bibl">524</span>; γνώμης ξύνεσις <span class="bibl">Th.1.75</span>; γνώμης μᾶλλον ἐφόδῳ ἢ ἰσχύος <span class="bibl">Id.3.11</span>; ταῖς γ. καὶ τοῖς σώμασι σφάλλεσθαι <span class="bibl">X. <span class="title">Cyr.</span>1.3.10</span>, cf. <span class="bibl">Th.1.70</span>; <b class="b3">γνώμῃ</b>, opp. τύχῃ, σωφρονοῦντες <span class="bibl">Isoc.3.47</span>; <b class="b3">γνώμης ἅπτεσθαι</b> affect <b class="b2">the head</b>, of wine or fever, <span class="bibl">Hp.<span class="title">Acut.</span>63</span>, <span class="bibl"><span class="title">Fract.</span>11</span>; <b class="b3">γνώμην ἔχειν</b> [[understand]], <span class="bibl">S. <span class="title">El.</span>214</span> (lyr.), <span class="bibl">Ar.<span class="title">Ach.</span>396</span>; πάντων γ. ἴσχειν <span class="bibl">S.<span class="title">Ph.</span>837</span> (lyr.); <b class="b3">προσέχειν γνώμην</b> give [[heed]], [[attend]], δεῦρο τὴν γ. προσίσχετε <span class="bibl">Eup.37</span>; πρὸς ἕτερον γνώμην ἔχειν <span class="bibl">Aeschin. 3.192</span>; to be on one's [[guard]], <span class="bibl">Th.1.95</span>; <b class="b3">δηλοῦν τὴν γ. ἔν τινι</b> to show one's [[wit]] in... <span class="bibl">Id.3.37</span>; ἐν γνώμῃ τι παραστῆσαι <span class="bibl">D.4.17</span>; <b class="b3">ἀπὸ γνώμης φέρειν ψῆφον δικαίαν</b> with a good [[conscience]], <span class="bibl">A.<span class="title">Eu.</span>674</span>; but <b class="b3">οὐκ ἀπὸ γ. λέγεις</b> not without [[judgement]], with good [[sense]], <span class="bibl">S.<span class="title">Tr.</span>389</span>; ἄτερ γνώμης <span class="bibl">A.<span class="title">Pr.</span>456</span>; ἄνευ γ. <span class="bibl">S.<span class="title">OC</span>594</span>; <b class="b3">γνώμῃ κολάζειν</b> <b class="b2">with good reason</b>, <span class="bibl">X.<span class="title">An.</span>2.6.10</span>; <b class="b3">γνώμῃ τῇ ἀρίστῃ</b> (sc. <b class="b3">κρίνειν</b> or <b class="b3">δικάζειν</b>) [[to]] the best of <b class="b2">one's judgement</b>, in the dicasts' oath, <span class="bibl">Arist.<span class="title">Rh.</span> 1375a29</span>; ἡ καλουμένη γ. τοῦ ἐπιεικοῦς κρίσις ὀρθή <span class="bibl">Id.<span class="title">EN</span>1143a19</span>; so περὶ ὧν ἂν νόμοι μὴ ὦσι, γνώμῃ τῇ δικαιοτάτῃ κρινεῖν <span class="bibl">D.20.118</span>; γ. τῇ δ. δικάσειν ὀμωμόκασιν <span class="bibl">Id.23.96</span>, cf. <span class="bibl">39.40</span>; τῇ δ. γ. <span class="bibl">Arist.<span class="title">Pol.</span>1287a26</span>; <b class="b3">ὅστις γνώμῃ μὴ καθαρεύει</b> has not a clear [[conscience]], <span class="bibl">Ar.<span class="title">Ra.</span> 355</span>. </span><span class="sense">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">2</span> [[will]], [[disposition]], [[inclination]], εὐσεβεῖ γνώμᾳ <span class="bibl">Pi.<span class="title">O.</span>3.41</span>; γ. Διός <span class="bibl">A.<span class="title">Pr.</span>1003</span>; <b class="b3">ἐν γνώμῃ γεγονέναι τινί</b> to stand <b class="b2">high in his favour</b>, <span class="bibl">Hdt.6.37</span>; <b class="b3">πάσῃ τῇ γ</b>. with all <b class="b2">one's zeal</b>, <span class="bibl">Th.6.45</span>; τίνα αὐτοὺς οἴεσθε γ. ἕξειν περὶ σφῶν αὐτῶν <span class="bibl">And.1.104</span>; γ. ἔ. περί τινα <span class="bibl">Lys.10.21</span>; <b class="b3">πρὸς τοὺς Ἀθηναίους τὴν γ. ἔχειν</b> <b class="b2">to be inclined</b> towards... <span class="bibl">Th.5.44</span>; <b class="b3">ἐμπιμπλάναι τὴν γ. τινός</b> satisfy his [[wishes]], <span class="bibl">X.<span class="title">An.</span>1.7.8</span>, cf. <span class="bibl"><span class="title">HG</span>6.1.15</span> (pl.); <b class="b3">ἀφ' ἑαυτοῦ γνώμης</b> on his own [[initiative]], <span class="bibl">Th.4.68</span>; <b class="b3">ἐκ μιᾶς γ</b>. of one [[accord]], with one [[consent]], <span class="bibl">D.10.59</span>; μιᾷ γνώμῃ <span class="bibl">Th.1.122</span>, <span class="bibl">6.17</span>; διὰ μιᾶς γ. γίγνεσθαι <span class="bibl">Isoc.4.139</span>; <b class="b3">κατὰ γνώμην</b> according to one's [[mind]] or [[wishes]], ὅταν τἀκεῖ θῶ κατὰ γνώμην ἐμήν <span class="bibl">E.<span class="title">Andr.</span>737</span>; ἄν τι μὴ κατὰ γ. ἐκβῇ <span class="bibl">D.1.16</span>: in pl., <b class="b3">φίλιαι γνῶμαι</b> friendly [[sentiments]], <span class="bibl">Hdt. 9.4</span>. </span><span class="sense">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">III</span> [[judgement]], [[opinion]], βροτῶν γ. <span class="bibl">Parm.8.61</span>; <b class="b3">ταύτῃ… τῇ γνώμῃ πλεῖστός εἰμι</b> I in cline mostly <b class="b2">to this view</b>, <span class="bibl">Hdt.7.220</span> (s. v.l.); also ταύτῃ πλεῖστος τὴν γνώμην εἰμί <span class="bibl">Id.1.120</span>; ἡ πλείστη γ. ἐστί τινι <span class="bibl">Id.5.126</span>; τλέον φέρει ἡ γ. τινί <span class="bibl">Id.8.100</span>; τὸ πλεῖστον τῆς γ. εἶχεν… προσμεῖξαι <span class="bibl">Th.3.31</span>; γνώμην τίθεσθαι <span class="bibl">Hdt.3.80</span>; <b class="b3">οὕτως τὴν γ. ἔχειν</b> to be of this [[opinion]], <span class="bibl">Th.7.15</span>, cf. <span class="bibl">X.<span class="title">Cyr.</span>6.2.8</span>, <span class="bibl">Ar.<span class="title">Nu.</span>157</span>; εἴ τινι γ. τοιαύτη παρειστήκει περὶ ἐμοῦ <span class="bibl">And.1.54</span>; τὴν αὐτὴν γ. ἔχειν <span class="bibl">Th.2.55</span>; <b class="b3">τῆς αὐτῆς γ. εἶναι, ἔχεσθαι</b>, <span class="bibl">Id.1.113</span>, <span class="bibl">140</span>; ὁ αὐτὸς εἰμὶ τῇ γ. <span class="bibl">Id.3.38</span>; <b class="b3">κατὰ γ. τὴν ἐμήν</b> in my [[judgement]] or [[opinion]], <span class="bibl">Hdt.2.26</span>, <span class="bibl">5.3</span>; ellipt., κατά γε τὴν ἐμήν <span class="bibl">Ar.<span class="title">Ec.</span>153</span>, cf. <span class="bibl">Plb.18.1.18</span>, <span class="bibl">D.H.<span class="title">Isoc.</span>3</span>: abs., γνώμην ἐμήν <span class="bibl">Ar.<span class="title">V.</span>983</span>, <span class="bibl"><span class="title">Pax</span>232</span>; <b class="b3">παρὰ γνώμην τοῖς Ἕλλησιν ἐγένετο</b> contrary to <b class="b2">general opinion</b>, <span class="bibl">Th.4.40</span>; but <b class="b3">παρὰ γ. κινδυνευταί</b> [[reckless]] venturers, <span class="bibl">Id.1.70</span>, cf. <span class="bibl">4.19</span>; <b class="b3">εἰπὲ μὴ παρὰ γ. ἐμοί</b> either contrary to <b class="b2">my wish</b>, or contrary to <b class="b2">your true opinion</b>, <span class="bibl">A.<span class="title">Ag.</span>931</span>, cf.<span class="bibl"><span class="title">Supp.</span>454</span>: freq. of [[opinions]] delivered publicly, ἑστάναι πρὸς τὴν γ. τινός <span class="bibl">Th.4.56</span>; <b class="b3">Θεμιστοκλέους γνώμῃ</b> <b class="b2">by the advice</b> of Th., <span class="bibl">Id.1.90</span>,<span class="bibl">93</span>; <b class="b3">γνώμην ἀποφαίνειν</b> deliver <b class="b2">an opinion</b>, <span class="bibl">Hdt.1.40</span>; <b class="b3">ἀποδείκνυσθαι</b> ib.<span class="bibl">207</span>; ἐκφαίνειν <span class="bibl">Id.5.36</span>; τίθεσθαι <span class="bibl">S.<span class="title">Ph.</span>1448</span> (anap.), <span class="bibl">Ar.<span class="title">Ec.</span>658</span>; ἀποφαίνεσθαι <span class="bibl">E.<span class="title">Supp.</span>336</span>; ποιεῖσθαι περί τινων <span class="bibl">Th.3.36</span>; <b class="b3">γνώμας κατέθεντο</b> have made up their [[minds]], <span class="bibl">Parm.8.53</span>. </span><span class="sense">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">b</span> [[verdict]], ἡ τοῦ δικαστοῦ γ. <span class="title">IG</span>4.364 (Corinth, iv A. D.), cf. 685.32 (pl., Cret., ii B. C.). </span><span class="sense">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">2</span> [[proposition]], [[motion]], γνώμην εἰσφέρειν <span class="bibl">Hdt.3.80</span>,<span class="bibl">81</span>; εἰπεῖν <span class="bibl">Th.8.68</span>, etc.; (but <b class="b3">γνώμας προτιθέναι</b> hold a debate, <span class="bibl">Th.3.36</span>); γνῶμαι τρεῖς προεκέατο <span class="bibl">Hdt.3.83</span>: freq. in Inscrr., [[resolution]], IG12.118.28, etc.; <b class="b3">γ. στρατηγῶν</b> ib.22.27; <b class="b3">Κλεισόφου καὶ συμπρυτάνεων</b> ib.1; <b class="b3">ἡ ἐκφερομένη γ</b>. ib.1051c26; <b class="b3">γνώμην νικᾶν</b> carry <b class="b2">a motion</b>, <span class="bibl">Ar.<span class="title">V.</span>594</span>, <span class="bibl"><span class="title">Nu.</span>432</span>; κρατεῖν τῇ γ. <span class="bibl">Plu.<span class="title">Cor.</span>17</span>. </span><span class="sense">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">3</span> <b class="b3">γνῶμαι, αἱ</b>, <b class="b2">practical maxims</b>, <span class="bibl">Heraclit. 78</span>, <span class="bibl">S.<span class="title">Aj.</span>1091</span>, <span class="bibl">X.<span class="title">Mem.</span>4.2.9</span>, <span class="bibl">Arist.<span class="title">Rh.</span>1395a11</span> (sg., <span class="bibl">1394a22</span>). </span><span class="sense">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">4</span> in pl., [[fancies]], [[illusions]], <span class="bibl">S.<span class="title">Aj.</span>52</span>. </span><span class="sense">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">5</span> [[intention]], [[purpose]], [[resolve]], <b class="b3">ἀπὸ τοιᾶσδε γνώμης</b> with some such [[purpose]] as this, <span class="bibl">Th.3.92</span>; <b class="b3">γνώμην ποιεῖ σθαι</b>, c.inf., [[propose]] to do, <span class="bibl">Id.1.128</span>; <b class="b3">κατὰ γνώμην</b> of <b class="b2">set purpose</b>, <span class="bibl">D.H. 6.81</span> (so also γνώμης <span class="bibl">Lib.<span class="title">Or.</span>33.13</span>, <span class="bibl">50.12</span>); <b class="b3">τίνα ἔχουσα γνώμην</b>; with what <b class="b2">purpose?</b> <span class="bibl">Hdt.3.119</span>; <b class="b3">οἶδα δ' οὐ γνώμῃ τίνι</b>; with what <b class="b2">intent?</b> <span class="bibl">S.<span class="title">OT</span>527</span>, cf. <span class="bibl"><span class="title">Aj.</span>448</span>; <b class="b3">ἡ ξύμπασα γ. τῶν λεχθέντων</b> the general [[purport]]... <span class="bibl">Th.1.22</span>; <b class="b3">ἦν τοῦ τείχους ἡ γνώμη... ἵνα</b>… <b class="b2">the purpose</b> of it was... that... <span class="bibl">Id.8.90</span>.</span>