πολιός: Difference between revisions

|Definition=ά, όν, also ός, όν<span class="sense"><p>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">A</span>, ἁλὸς πολιοῖο <span class="bibl">Il.20.229</span>, <span class="bibl">Od.5.410</span>, etc.; χήραν πολιόν <span class="bibl">E.<span class="title">Andr.</span>348</span>:—[[grey]], [[grizzled]], [[grisly]], λύκοιο <span class="bibl">Il.10.334</span>; κορῶναι <span class="bibl">Ar.<span class="title">Av.</span>967</span>; σίδηρος <span class="bibl">Il.9.366</span>, <span class="bibl"><span class="title">h.Merc.</span>41</span>, cf. <span class="bibl">E.<span class="title">Heracl.</span>758</span>(lyr.); of the surging sea, πολιῆς ἐπὶ θινὶ θαλάσσης <span class="bibl">Il.4.248</span>; πολιὴν ἅλα ναιέμεν <span class="bibl">15.190</span>; π. θάλασσα <span class="bibl">Alc.51</span>; π. πέλαγος <span class="bibl">Ar.<span class="title">Av.</span>350</span>(lyr.); γάλα <span class="bibl">Q.S.10.135</span>; λύκοι [[1G]] <span class="bibl">42(1).131.12</span> (Epid.); but, </span><span class="sense">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">2</span> most freq. of human hair, [[grey]] from age, <b class="b3">κάρη, κεφαλή</b>, <span class="bibl">Il.22.74</span>, <span class="bibl">Od.24.317</span>, etc.; π. στῆθος Alc.<span class="title">Supp.</span>20.2; γῆρας π. <span class="bibl">Pi.<span class="title">I.</span>6(5).15</span>, <span class="bibl">E.<span class="title">Ba.</span>258</span>; πολιοί <b class="b2">greyhaired men</b>, <span class="bibl">Od.24.499</span>; π. ματέρες <span class="bibl">S.<span class="title">OT</span>182</span> (lyr.), cf. <span class="bibl">E.<span class="title">Supp.</span> 35</span>, <span class="bibl">Ar.<span class="title">Ach.</span>600</span>, <span class="bibl">610</span>, <span class="bibl">692</span>, <span class="bibl">Pl.<span class="title">Prm.</span>127b</span> (rare in Att. Prose), <span class="bibl">Call.<span class="title">Fr.</span> 473</span>; Τραῖαι, ἐκ γενετῆς πολιαί <span class="bibl">Hes. <span class="title">Th.</span>271</span>: Comp. -ώτεροι <span class="bibl">Arist.<span class="title">Fr.</span> 235</span>: abs., <b class="b3">πολιαί</b> (sc. <b class="b3">τρίχες</b>) <span class="bibl">Pi.<span class="title">O.</span>4.28</span>, <span class="bibl">Arist.<span class="title">GA</span>722a7</span>, <span class="bibl"><span class="title">Pr.</span>898a31</span>; πολιῶν ἔσχηκας τὸν πώγωνα μεστόν <span class="bibl">Thphr.<span class="title">Char.</span>2.3</span>; <b class="b3">ἅμα ταῖς π. κατιούσαις</b> as the <b class="b2">grey hairs</b> come down (i. e. from the temples to the beard), <span class="bibl">Ar.<span class="title">Eq.</span>520</span>, cf. <span class="bibl">908</span>; ἕως τὸ δὴ λεγόμενον πολιὰς σχῇ <span class="bibl"><span class="title">PMich.Zen.</span>77</span> (iii B.C.), cf. <span class="bibl">LXX<span class="title">Is.</span>47.2</span>, al., <span class="bibl">Phld.<span class="title">Vit.</span>p.32J.</span> </span><span class="sense">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">3</span> <b class="b3">τίς σε πολιᾶς ἐξανῆκε γαστρός;</b> what <b class="b2">old woman's</b> womb bare thee? as a sarcasm, <span class="bibl">Pi.<span class="title">P.</span>4.98</span>; <b class="b3">π. δάκρυον ἐκβάλλων</b> <b class="b2">an old man's</b> tear, <span class="bibl">E.<span class="title">HF</span>1209</span> (lyr.). </span><span class="sense">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">b</span> metaph., [[hoary]], [[venerable]], ὃς πολιῷ νόμῳ αἶσαν ὀρθοῖ <span class="bibl">A.<span class="title">Supp.</span>673</span> (lyr.); κληδὼν ἐν πολιαῖσι μένει φήμαις <span class="bibl">E.<span class="title">El.</span>701</span> (lyr.); μάθημα χρόνῳ π. <span class="bibl">Pl.<span class="title">Ti.</span>22b</span>; πλοῦτος… χρόνῳ π. <span class="bibl">Jul.<span class="title">Or.</span>2.82b</span>. </span><span class="sense">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">II</span> [[bright]], [[clear]], [[serene]], ἔαρ <span class="bibl">Hes.<span class="title">Op.</span>477</span>, <span class="bibl">492</span>; αἰθήρ <span class="bibl">E.<span class="title">Or.</span>1376</span> (lyr.); ἠήρ <span class="bibl">A.R.3.275</span>, <span class="bibl">Q.S.2.554</span>.</span>

|etymtx=Grammatical information: adj.<br />Meaning: <b class="b2">whitishly grey</b>, esp. of hair, also of foaming seas (ep. Il., also hell.).<br />Other forms: adj.<br />Dialectal forms: Myc. [[poriwa]] n. pl. (= sg.?) \/[[poliwa]]\/.<br />Compounds: Compp. e.g. <b class="b3">πολιο-κρόταφος</b> <b class="b2">with grey temples</b> (Θ 518 a. o.), <b class="b3">ὑπο-</b>, <b class="b3">ἐπι-πόλιος</b> <b class="b2">grizzled, mixed with grey</b> (Anacr. resp. D.), prob. backformations (cf. <b class="b3">ἐπιπολιόομαι</b> below), s. Strömberg Prefix Studies 101 ff.; on <b class="b3">μεσαι-πόλιος</b> s. <b class="b3">μέσος</b>.<br />Derivatives: 1. Fem. <b class="b3">πολιάς</b> (Luc. Lex.); 2. the pl.name <b class="b3">πόλιον</b> n. <b class="b2">Teucrium polium or creticum</b> (Thphr., Nic., Dsc.), after the colour of the flower (Dsc. 3, 1 10); 3. the abstracts <b class="b3">πολιότης</b> f. [[greyness]] (Arist.), <b class="b3">πολιά</b> (from <b class="b3">πολι-ιά</b>) f. <b class="b2">id.</b>, also as disease (Arist.); 4. the denomin. a. <b class="b3">πολι-αίνομαι</b> <b class="b2">to become whitish</b>, of the sea (A. Pers. 109; lyr.); b. <b class="b3">-όομαι</b>, <b class="b3">-όω</b>, also w. <b class="b3">ἐπι-</b>, <b class="b3">προ-</b>, <b class="b2">to become, make grey</b> (Arist.) with <b class="b3">-ωσις</b> f. <b class="b2">the becoming grey</b> (Arist.), <b class="b3">-ωμα</b> n. [[greyness]] (Eust.); c. <b class="b3">-άζω</b> <b class="b2">to become grey</b> (sch.).<br />Origin: IE [Indo-European]X [probably] [804] <b class="b2">*poliwo-</b> [[gray]]<br />Etymology: With <b class="b3">πολιός</b> is perh. the semantically exactly agreeing Arm. <b class="b2">ali-k`</b>, gen. <b class="b2">ale-ac</b> pl. <b class="b2">the (white) crests of waves, white hair, white beard</b> also formally identical (IE <b class="b2">*polii̯o-</b>, <b class="b2">-ā</b>), in any case closely related. As basis one may assume <b class="b3">*πολι-Ϝός</b> (Schwyzer 472 w. lit.); Further s. <b class="b3">πελιδνός</b>, <b class="b3">πελιός</b>. Extensively on <b class="b3">πολιός</b> a. cogn. Reiter Die griech. Bez. der Farben weiß, grau und braun 54ff. -- But <b class="b2">*pl̥ii̯o-</b> means rather <b class="b2">*pl̥Hii̯o-</b> which would not give <b class="b3">πολιός</b> (it requires rather <b class="b2">*pol(H)ii̯o-</b>). -- DELG writes that the word is [[evidently]] cognate with <b class="b3">πελιός</b>, which seems contradicted by the meaning (dunkelfarben).