ἑστία: Difference between revisions

|Definition=ἡ, Ion. ἱστίη (as always in Hom. (exc. in <b class="b3">ἀνέστιος, ἐφέστιος</b>) and Hdt., cf. <span class="title">Schwyzer</span>687.1 (Chios, vii/vi B. C.), <span class="title">IG</span>12(5).554 (Ceos), and <span class="sense"><p>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">A</span> v. [[ἐφέστιος]]; <b class="b3">ἑστίῃ</b> is f.l.in <span class="bibl">Hes.<span class="title">Op.</span>734</span>) ; Boeot.ἱστία (Ἱ.) <span class="title">IG</span>7.556 (Tanagra) ; also Coan, <span class="title">SIG</span>1025.29, and Arc., ib.<span class="bibl">559.55</span> ; Locr. ἰστία <span class="title">IG</span>9(1).334.7 ; both forms in Cretan, Ἑστία <span class="title">SIG</span>527.15 (iii B. C.), Ἱστία <span class="title">GDI</span>5079.7, al.:—[[hearth of a house]], in Hom. only in solemn appeals, ἴστω νῦν Ζεὺς πρῶτα θεῶν..ἱστίη τ' Ὀδυσῆος <span class="bibl">Od.14.159</span>, al., cf. <span class="bibl">Hdt.4.68</span>, <span class="bibl">S.<span class="title">El.</span>881</span> ; <b class="b3">καθῆσθαι παρ' ἑστίᾳ</b>, of suppliants, <span class="bibl">Pi.<span class="title">Fr.</span>81</span> ; ἐπὶ τὴν ἑστίαν καθίζεσθαι <span class="bibl">Th.1.136</span> ; ἡ δορύξενος ἑ. <span class="bibl">S.<span class="title">OC</span> 633</span> ; ἑ. μεσόμφαλος <span class="bibl">A.<span class="title">Ag.</span>1056</span> ; ἐν στέγῃ τις ἥμενος παρ' ἑστίᾳ <span class="bibl">Id.<span class="title">Fr.</span> 362.3</span>. </span><span class="sense">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">2</span> [[the house itself]], [[home]], <span class="bibl">Pi.<span class="title">O.</span>1.11</span>,<span class="bibl"><span class="title">P.</span>11.13</span> : freq. in Trag., as <span class="bibl">A.<span class="title">Ch.</span>264</span>, etc.; διξὰς ἱστίας οἴκεε <span class="bibl">Hdt.5.40</span> ; <b class="b3">καταλείποντα ἐν τᾷ ἰστίᾳ παῖδα ἡβάταν</b>, of a colonist, <span class="title">IG</span>9(1).334 (Locr., v B. C.) : metaph., of <b class="b2">the last home, the grave</b>, τὰν χθόνιον ἑ. ἰδεῖν <span class="bibl">S.<span class="title">OC</span>1726</span> (lyr.). </span><span class="sense">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">3</span> [[household]], [[family]], <b class="b3">οἱ πολλοί, πλὴν ὀγδώκοντα ἱστιέων κτλ</b>., <span class="bibl">Hdt.1.176</span> ; ἱστίη οὐδεμία νομιζομένη εἶναι Γλαύκου <span class="bibl">Id.6.86</span>.<b class="b3">δ'</b>. </span><span class="sense">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">4</span> [[altar]], like [[ἐσχάρα]], <span class="bibl">A.<span class="title">Th.</span>275</span>, <span class="bibl"><span class="title">Eu.</span>282</span> ; βούθυτος ἑ. <span class="bibl">S.<span class="title">OC</span>1495</span> (lyr.); <b class="b3">γᾶς μεσσόμφαλος ἑ</b>., of the Delphic shrine, <span class="bibl">E.<span class="title">Ion</span>462</span> (lyr.); Πυθόμαντις ἑ. <span class="bibl">S. <span class="title">OT</span>965</span> ; <b class="b3">βωμός, ἑ. χθονός</b> (as a sanctuary) <span class="bibl">A.<span class="title">Supp.</span>372</span> (lyr.); <b class="b3">ἡ κοινὴ ἑ</b>. the public [[altar]], serving as. a sanctuary to refugees, <span class="title">IG</span>22.1029, <span class="bibl">Arist.<span class="title">Pol.</span>1322b28</span> ; πολιτικὴ ἑ. <span class="bibl">App.<span class="title">Pun.</span>84</span>:—<b class="b3">ἡ κοινὴ ἑ</b>. also of [[the public table]], ἐδέξαντο τοὺς πρεσβευτὰς ἐπὶ τὴν κοινὴν ἑ. <span class="bibl">Plb.29.5.6</span>, cf. <span class="title">IG</span>5(1).961 (Cotyrta), 7.21 (Orchomenus in Boeotia), <span class="bibl">Poll.9.40</span> ; <b class="b3">μυηθεὶς ἀφ' ἑστίας</b>, of a class of public initiates at Eleusis, <span class="bibl">Is.<span class="title">Fr.</span>84</span>, cf.<span class="title">IG</span> 2.1355, al. ; so ὁ ἀφ' ἑ. παῖς <span class="bibl">Porph.<span class="title">Abst.</span>4.5</span> ; simply ὁ ἀφ' ἑ., ἡ ἀφ' ἑ., Ἐφ. Ἀρχ. <span class="bibl">1894.176</span>,<span class="bibl">1885.146</span>. </span><span class="sense">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">5</span> metaph., of places which are to a country as the hearth to a house, as a metropolis, <span class="bibl">Plb.5.58.4</span> ; ἑ. καὶ μητρόπολις <span class="bibl">D.S.4.19</span> ; of Delos, ἱστίη ὦ νήσων <span class="bibl">Call.<span class="title">Del.</span>325</span>:—Pythag., of the [[central fire]] of the universe, <span class="bibl">Philol.7</span>, etc., cf. <span class="bibl">Alex.Aphr. <span class="title">in Metaph.</span>38.23</span> ; of the earth, <span class="bibl">E.<span class="title">Fr.</span>944</span> ; of the heart in the body, <span class="bibl">Arist.<span class="title">PA</span>70a25</span> ; <b class="b3">μίαν, ἰδίαν ἑ. ἤθους οὐκ ἔχειν</b>, Plu.2.52a,97a ; of the liver as [[focus]] of a fever, Gal.15.742. </span><span class="sense">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">II</span> as pr. n. Ἑστία, Ion. Ἱστίη, Ἑστίη, <span class="bibl"><span class="title">h.Hom.</span>24.1</span>, v.l. in <span class="bibl">Hes.<span class="title">Th.</span>454</span>:—[[the hearthgoddess]], h.Ven.22, Hes.<span class="title">Th.</span>l.c., <span class="bibl">Pi.<span class="title">N.</span>11.1</span>, etc., cf. <span class="title">h.Hom.</span>24,29, <span class="bibl">Orph.<span class="title">H.</span>84</span>, <span class="bibl">D.S.5.68</span> ; Ἑ. βουλαία <span class="title">IG</span>12(5).732 (Andros), <span class="bibl">Aeschin. 2.45</span>, <span class="bibl">App.<span class="title">Mith.</span>23</span> ; Ἑ. πρυτανεία <span class="title">IG</span>12(5).659 (Syros); worshipped as <b class="b3">ἡ κοινὴ Ἑ</b>. by the Getae, <span class="bibl">D.S.1.94</span>, cf. <span class="bibl">Hdt.4.127</span> : prov., <b class="b3">ἀφ' Ἑστίας ἄρχεσθαι</b> to begin from [[the beginning]], <span class="bibl">Ar.<span class="title">V.</span>846</span>, <span class="bibl">Pl.<span class="title">Euthphr.</span>3a</span> ; ἀπ' ἄλλης Ἑ. καὶ ἀρχῆς τὰς πράξεις προχειρίζεσθαι <span class="bibl">Str.1.1.16</span> (also ἐξ ἑ. ἄρχεσθαι Hsch.) ; <b class="b3">ἡ Ἑ. γελᾷ</b>, of the [[fire]] crackling, <span class="bibl">Arist.<span class="title">Mete.</span>369a32</span>. </span><span class="sense">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">2</span> = Lat. [[Vesta]], <span class="bibl">Str.5.2.3</span>, <span class="bibl">Plu.<span class="title">Rom.</span>2</span>, etc. </span><span class="sense">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">3</span> title of a priestess, <span class="title">IG</span>9(1).486 (Acarnania); <b class="b3">ἑ. πόλεως</b>, as an honorary title, ib.5(1).583 (Sparta). [ῑ in Od. in the appellat. <span class="bibl">14.159</span>, ῐ in <span class="title">h.Hom.</span> in pr.n. ; in Hes. the reverse : ῐ always in Com.and Trag.] (Etymological connection with Vesta is doubtful ; the dialects never have <b class="b3">ϝ-</b>, exc. in the pr. n. ϝιστίαυ (gen.sg.masc.)<span class="title">IG</span>5(2).271.18 (Mantinea); cf. [[γιστία]].) </span>

|etymtx=Grammatical information: f.<br />Meaning: [[hearth]], [[fireplace]], [[altar]], metaph.. <b class="b2">house, family etc.</b> (Od.), also with beginning of a personification as goddess of the hearth (h. Hom., Hes. Th. 454 etc.); later identified with Lat. [[Vesta]] (Str.).<br />Other forms: (Att., also Pi., Delph. a. o.), Ion. <b class="b3">ἱστίη</b>, Aeol. Boeot. Locr. Dor. Arc. <b class="b3">ἱστία</b><br />Compounds: As 1. member e. g. in <b class="b3">ἑστι-οῦχος</b> [[containing the hearth]] = [[domestic]], [[protecting the hearth]] (trag. etc.); as 2. member in <b class="b3">ἐφ-έστιος</b>, Ion. <b class="b3">ἐπ-ίστιος</b> <b class="b2">on the hearth, belonging to ...</b> (Β 125), <b class="b3">ἀν-έστιος</b> [[without hearth]] (Ι 63), <b class="b3">συν-</b>, <b class="b3">ὁμ-έστιος</b> etc.; on Att. <b class="b3">-έστιος</b> in Homer Wackernagel Unt. 9ff., Chantraine Gramm. hom. 1, 15; diff. Solmsen Wortforsch. 214.<br />Derivatives: <b class="b3">Ίστιήϊα</b> n. pl. <b class="b2">monetary means of a `I.-temple</b> (Miletos Va); <b class="b3">ἑστιῶτις</b> <b class="b2">belonging to hearth (house)</b> (S. Tr. 954 [lyr.]; cf. Fraenkel Nom. ag. 2, 208 n. 2); <b class="b3">Ἐστ-ιασταί</b> m. pl. name of the der H.-adorers (Rhod.; cf. <b class="b3">Ἀπολλων-ιασταί</b> a. o.); <b class="b3">ἕστιος</b> [[belonging to the hearth]] (Hld., after <b class="b3">ὁμέστιος</b> a. o.). As translation of Lat. [[Vesta]], [[Vestālēs]] <b class="b3">Ἐστιαῖον</b> [[Vesta-temple]] (D. C.), <b class="b3">Ἐστιάδες</b> pl. [[Vestales]] (D. H., Plu.). Normal denomin. <b class="b3">ἑστιάω</b>, <b class="b3">ἱστιάω</b> (augm. <b class="b3">εἱσ-</b> in <b class="b3">εἱστίων</b> [Lys.] etc.), also with prefix, e. g. <b class="b3">συν-</b>, <b class="b2">receive at the hearth, feed, receive as guest</b> (Ion.-Att. Dor.) with several derivv.: <b class="b3">ἑστί-ασις</b>, <b class="b3">-αμα</b>, <b class="b3">-ασμός</b> [[entertain]], <b class="b3">ἑστιάτωρ</b> (<b class="b3">ἱστ-</b>) [[host]], with <b class="b3">ἑστιατόριον</b> (<b class="b3">ἱστια-</b>, <b class="b3">ἱστιη-</b>), also <b class="b3">ἑστιατήριον</b> (after the nouns in <b class="b3">-ήριον</b>) [[dining-room]] (cf. Benveniste Noms d'agent 34 and 48); <b class="b3">ἑστιατορία</b> (<b class="b3">ἱστ-</b>) [[feast]]. - Also <b class="b3">ἑστιόομαι</b> (E. Ion 1464 [lyr.] <b class="b3">δῶμα</b>) <b class="b2">get a hearth, be settled</b>.<br />Origin: PG [a word of Pre-Greek origin]<br />Etymology: As collective- or abstractformation in <b class="b3">-ία</b> (cf. esp. <b class="b3">οἰκ-ία</b>, <b class="b3">κλισ-ία</b>) <b class="b3">ἑστία</b>, from where secondarily <b class="b3">ἱστία</b>, <b class="b3">-ίη</b> through sound-reduction or assimilation (Schwyzer 256 and 531, Lejeune Traité de phon. 208; diff. Buck IF 25, 259 [after <b class="b3">ἵστημι</b>] and Solmsen l. c. [unaccented <b class="b3">ἱ-</b>]), presupposes a noun <b class="b3">ἑστο-</b>, <b class="b3">-α</b> [[v]]. [[t]].. - For the etymology the question of the anlaut is decisive. Against the evidence for anlaut. <b class="b3">Ϝ-</b>, <b class="b3">Ϝιστιαυ</b> (PN, Mantineia IVa), <b class="b3">γιστία ἐσχάρη</b> (cod. <b class="b3">-τη</b>) H., which are doubted, there are dialect forms, where expected F fails; s. Solmsen Unt. 213ff. Therefore the old, still defended equation with Lat. [[Vesta]] is uncertain. Another explanation has not been found: to <b class="b3">ἐσχάρα</b> (Solmsen l.c.), Lat. [[sīdus]] (Ehrlich KZ 41, 289ff.), <b class="b3">ἕζομαι</b> (Bq; with <b class="b3">ἱστία</b> after <b class="b3">ἵζω</b>?), Slav. <b class="b2">jestěja</b> [[hearth]] (Machek Lingua [[posnan]]. 5, 59ff.). - See Bq and W.-Hofmann s. [[Vesta]]; also Schwyzer 58 and 227 w. n. 1, Scheller Oxytonierung 60, Fraenkel Gnomon 22, 237, Benveniste BSL 44, 53. On <b class="b3">Ἐστία</b> in gen. Nilsson Gr. Rel. 1, 337f., v. Wilamowitz Glaube 1, 156ff. - As the wau is improbable, the old etymology is prob. incorrect; also <b class="b3">ε</b> > <b class="b3">ι</b> is unusual, unexpected, whereas <b class="b3">ε</b>\/<b class="b3">ι</b> in Pre-Greek is frequent; so there are two serious problems. The conclusion must be that the word is of Pre-Greek origin. Cf. Furnée, 358 A 2.