πῶμα: Difference between revisions

|Definition=(A), ατος, τό, <span class="sense"><p>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">A</span> [[lid]], [[cover]], φαρέτρης <span class="bibl">Il.4.116</span>, cf. <span class="bibl">Od.9.314</span>, <span class="bibl">B.5.76</span>; χηλοῦ <span class="bibl">Il.16.221</span>, cf. <span class="bibl">Od.8.443</span>; <b class="b3">πίθου, πίθοιο</b>, <span class="bibl">Hes.<span class="title">Op.</span>94</span>,<span class="bibl">98</span>; κάδων <span class="bibl">Archil.4</span>; κεραμίων <span class="bibl"><span class="title">PCair.Zen.</span>481.26</span> (iii B.C., pl.); [<b class="b3">κιβωτοῦ</b>] <span class="bibl">Plu. <span class="title">Rom.</span>28</span>; σιδηροῦν <span class="bibl">Plb.22.11.16</span>; <b class="b3">ἔχει ἡ ἀρτηρία</b> (the windpipe) οἷον π. τὴν ἐπιγλωττίδα <span class="bibl">Arist.<span class="title">Resp.</span>476a34</span>, cf. <span class="bibl"><span class="title">HA</span>530a21</span>, al.; <b class="b3">ἐπέθηκα τῇ θύρᾳ τὸ π</b>. the stone [[that closed]] the entrance, <span class="bibl">Luc.<span class="title">DMar.</span>2.2</span>; <b class="b3">π. λάϊνον</b>, of a tomb, <span class="title">IG</span>12(8).93 (Imbros); [[operculum]] of univalves, πορφύρας πώματα Dsc.2.7, cf. 8, <span class="title">Eup.</span>2.63; of the Egyptian bean, Id.2.106.</span><br /><span class="bld">πῶμα</span> (B), ατος, τό, (πίνω, πέπωκα) <span class="sense"><p>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">A</span> [[drink]], [[draught]], <span class="bibl">A.<span class="title">Eu.</span>266</span> (lyr.), <span class="bibl">S.<span class="title">Ph.</span>715</span> (lyr.), <span class="bibl">E.<span class="title">Hec.</span>392</span> (prob.), <span class="bibl"><span class="title">Ba.</span>279</span> (prob.), <span class="bibl">Pl.<span class="title">R.</span>406a</span>, etc.; <b class="b3">τὰ ἀναγκαῖα π</b>. [[drinking water]], <span class="bibl">Id.<span class="title">Lg.</span>844b</span>: pl., <b class="b3">εὐτρεφέστατον πωμάτων</b>, of Dirce, <span class="bibl">A. <span class="title">Th.</span>308</span>(lyr.):—the short form πόμα occurs in <span class="bibl">Pi.<span class="title">N.</span> 3.79</span> (metaph.), and in later Poets, <span class="bibl">Call.<span class="title">Fr.</span>8.20</span> P., <span class="bibl">Nic.<span class="title">Al.</span>105</span>, <span class="bibl">299</span>, <span class="bibl">Man.3.71</span> (poet. dat. pl. πομάτεσσι Hsch.); also in Ionic and later Prose, <span class="bibl">Hp.<span class="title">VM</span>5</span> (opp. <b class="b3">ῥύφημα</b>), <span class="bibl">Hdt.3.23</span>, Phld.<span class="title">Mus.</span>p.51 K., cf. <span class="bibl">Poll.6.15</span>; but only as v.l. in correct Attic writers, as <span class="bibl">Pl.<span class="title">Phd.</span>117b</span>, <span class="bibl"><span class="title">Phlb.</span>34e</span>:—for πομάτιον in <span class="bibl"><span class="title">EM</span>578.8</span> Dind. restores <b class="b3">πόμα τι</b> from Hsch. s.v. [[μελίτιον]]. </span><span class="sense">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">II</span> [[drinking-cup]], Hsch.</span>

|etymtx=1.<br />Grammatical information: n.<br />Meaning: [[lid]], [[cover]] of chest, pot, tube etc. (ep. ion. Il., Arist., hell. a. late).<br />Derivatives: <b class="b3">πωμ-άτιον</b> n. dimin. (Sor.); <b class="b3">-ατίας</b> m. [[kind of snail]] (Dsc.) and two denominatives: 1. <b class="b3">πωμάζω</b>, also m. <b class="b3">ἐπι-</b>, <b class="b3">περι-</b> a.o. <b class="b2">to cover, close with a lid</b> (Arist., Hero a.o.) with <b class="b3">ἐπιπωμασμός</b> (Eust.) and the backformation <b class="b3">ἐπίπωμα</b> [[lid]] (Gal. a.o.), to which <b class="b3">ἐπιπωματικός</b> (sch.); 2. <b class="b3">πωματίζω</b>, mostly <b class="b3">ἐπι-</b>, <b class="b3">περι-</b>, <b class="b3">ἀπο-</b>'id.' (Arist., Thphr. a.o.) with <b class="b3">ἐπιπωμάτισις</b> (VIp). To this the seemingly primary <b class="b3">ἐπιπωμάννυμαι</b> [[to be covered]] (Hero).<br />Origin: IE [Indo-European] [787] <b class="b2">*peh₂-</b> [[guard]], [[protect]]<br />Etymology: Old verbal noun from IE <b class="b2">*poh₂-mn̥</b> beside <b class="b2">*poh₂-tro-m</b> n. in Skt. <b class="b2">pā́tram</b> [[case]], [[barrel]], Germ., e.g. Goth. [[fodr]] [[sheath]], [[cover]], NHG [[Futter]] (of cloth). The primary verb is retained in Skt. <b class="b2">pā́-ti</b> [[guard]], [[protect]] (IE <b class="b2">*peh₂-</b>). On the basis of the words belonging to it, <b class="b3">ποιμήν</b>, <b class="b3">πῶυ</b> (< <b class="b3">*πῶι̯υ</b>) one posited a root with an original long diphthong <b class="b2">pōi-</b> (thus Pok. 839); s. [[ποιμήν]] w. further lit. (we now know that they had (<b class="b2">*peh₂-i-</b>, <b class="b2">poh₂-i-</b>).<br />2. Meaning: [[drink]]<br />See also: s. [[πίνω]].