ἐπίσταμαι: Difference between revisions

|Definition=<span class="bibl">2</span> pers. <span class="sense"><span class="bld">A</span> -ασαι <span class="bibl">A.<span class="title">Pr.</span>376</span>, <span class="bibl">982</span>, <span class="bibl">S.<span class="title">El.</span>629</span>, <span class="bibl">Pl.<span class="title">Euthd.</span>296a</span>, but ἐπίστᾳ <span class="bibl">Pi.<span class="title">P.</span>3.80</span>, <span class="bibl">A.<span class="title">Eu.</span>86</span>, <span class="bibl">581</span>, ἐπίστῃ <span class="bibl">Thgn.1085</span>, <span class="bibl"><span class="title">PCair.Zen.</span> 41.19</span> (iii B.C.), Ion. <b class="b3">ἐπίστεαι ἐξ-</b>) <span class="bibl">Hdt.7.135</span>; imper. [[ἐπίστασο]] ib. <span class="bibl">29</span>, <span class="bibl">209</span>, <span class="bibl">A.<span class="title">Pr.</span>840</span>, <span class="bibl">967</span>, <span class="bibl"><span class="title">PCair.Zen.</span>57.4</span> (iii B.C.), etc., but [[ἐπίσταο]] [[varia lectio|v.l.]] in <span class="bibl">Hdt.7.209</span>, contr. ἐπίστω <span class="bibl">S.<span class="title">OT</span>658</span>, etc.; subj. Ion. [[ἐπιστέωμαι]] <span class="bibl">Hdt.3.134</span>, Att. ἐπίστωμαι <span class="bibl">Pl.<span class="title">Euthd.</span>296a</span>: impf. ἠπιστάμην <span class="bibl">A.<span class="title">Pr.</span>267</span>, etc.; without augm. ἐπίστατο <span class="bibl">Il.5.60</span>: Hdt. has ἐπ- <span class="bibl">5.42</span> (v.l.<b class="b3">ἠπ-</b>), ἠπ- <span class="bibl">3.139</span>; Ion. 3pl. [[ἠπιστέατο]] or ἐπιστέατο <span class="bibl">8.132</span>: fut. ἐπιστήσομαι <span class="bibl">Il.21.320</span>, etc.: aor. 1 ἠπιστήθην <span class="bibl">Hdt.3.15</span>, <span class="bibl">Pl.<span class="title">Lg.</span>687a</span>. </span><span class="sense"><span class="bld">I</span>. [[know]] how to do, [[be able]] to do, [[capable]] of doing, c.inf., <b class="b3">οὐδέ οἱ ὀστέ'</b> ἐπιστήσονται Ἀχαιοὶ ἀλλέξαι <span class="bibl">Il.21.320</span>, cf. <span class="bibl">Od.13.207</span>, Sapph.70, etc.: Hom. has it both of intellectual power, <b class="b3">ὅς τις ἐπίσταιτο ᾗσι φρεσὶν</b> ἄρτια βάζειν <span class="bibl">Il.14.92</span>; ἐπιστάμεναι σάφα θυμῷ <span class="bibl">Od.4.730</span>; and of artistic skill, ὃς χερσὶν ἐπίστατο δαίδαλα πάντα τεύχειν <span class="bibl">Il.5.60</span>: freq. in Trag. and Att., οὔπω σωφρονεῖν ἐπίστασαι <span class="bibl">A.<span class="title">Pr.</span>982</span>, cf. <span class="bibl">1032</span>, <span class="bibl">S.<span class="title">OT</span> 589</span>; πένεσθαι δ' οὐκ ἐ. δόμος <span class="bibl">A.<span class="title">Ag.</span>962</span>; ἐ. . . θεοὺς σέβειν <span class="bibl">E.<span class="title">Hipp.</span>996</span>, cf. <span class="bibl"><span class="title">Alc.</span>566</span>; <b class="b3">κιθαρίζειν οὐκ ἐ</b>. <span class="bibl">Ar.<span class="title">V.</span>989</span>, cf. <span class="bibl">Pl.<span class="title">Smp.</span>223d</span>, <span class="bibl"><span class="title">R.</span>420e</span>, al.: without inf., <b class="b3">σῷζ ὅπως ἐπίστασαι</b> as best you [[can]], <span class="bibl">A.<span class="title">Pr.</span>376</span>, cf. <span class="bibl"><span class="title">Eu.</span> 581</span>. </span><span class="sense"><span class="bld">2</span>. to [[be assured]], [[feel sure]] that... <b class="b3">τοῦτον ἐπίστανται πλεῖστα</b> εἰδέναι <span class="bibl">Heraclit.57</span>, cf. <span class="bibl">Hdt.3.134</span>, <span class="bibl">139</span>, <span class="bibl">6.139</span>, al.: folld. by [[ὡς]], <span class="bibl">Id.1.122</span>. </span><span class="sense"><span class="bld">II</span>. c. acc., [[understand]] a matter, [[know]], [[be versed in]] or [[acquainted with]], πολλὰ δ' ἐπίστατο ἔργα <span class="bibl">Il.23.705</span>, cf. <span class="bibl">Od.2.117</span>; Μουσέων δῶρον <span class="bibl">Archil.1</span>; τὴν τέχνην <span class="bibl">Hdt.3.130</span>; τὸ μέλλον <span class="bibl">A.<span class="title">Pers.</span> 373</span>; ἐμπειρίᾳ ἐ. τὴν ναυτικήν <span class="bibl">Th.4.10</span>; τὰς φύσεις ὑμῶν <span class="bibl">Id.7.14</span>; πάσας τὰς δημιουργίας <span class="bibl">Pl.<span class="title">R.</span>598c</span>; <b class="b3">ἔγωγε γράμματ' οὐδ' ἐ</b>. <span class="bibl">Cratin.122</span>; <b class="b3">τὸ μὴ ἐ. γράμματα</b> illiteracy, <span class="bibl"><span class="title">PRyl.</span>73.19</span> (i B.C.), etc.; <b class="b3">ἐ. ἱερατικὰ</b> καὶ Αἰγύπτια γράμματα <span class="bibl"><span class="title">PTeb.</span> 291.41</span> (ii A.D.); <b class="b3">ἐ. μύθους τοὺς Αἰσώπου</b> [[know]] them [[by heart]], <span class="bibl">Pl.<span class="title">Phd.</span>61b</span>, cf. <span class="bibl"><span class="title">Grg.</span>484b</span>: also with an Adv., <b class="b3">Συριστὶ ἐ</b>. [[know]] Syrian, <span class="bibl">X.<span class="title">Cyr.</span>7.5.31</span>; with acc. and inf. conjoined, <span class="bibl">A.<span class="title">Eu.</span>276</span>; with inf. to expl. the acc., <b class="b3">ἔργον δὲ μοῦνον ἐσθίειν ἐ</b>. <span class="bibl">Semon.7.24</span>, cf. <span class="bibl">Archil.65</span>. </span><span class="sense"><span class="bld">2</span>. after Hom., [[know]] as a fact, [[know]] [[for certain]], ἐπισταμένοισι εὖ οὐκ ἄν τις λέγοι <span class="bibl">Hdt.7.8</span>.ά, etc.; used convertibly with [[εἰδέναι]], <span class="bibl">Pl.<span class="title">Tht.</span>163b</span>, <span class="bibl">Arist.<span class="title">APr.</span>66b31</span>, <span class="bibl"><span class="title">Ph.</span>184a10</span>; even <b class="b3">χάριν ἐ</b>., = [[χάριν εἰδέναι]], <span class="bibl">Jul.<span class="title">Or.</span>8.246c</span>(but sts. [[εἰδέναι]] is general, [[ἐπίστασθαι]] being confined to [[scientific knowledge]] (ἐπιστήμη) <b class="b3">, διὰ τὸ</b> εἰδέναι τὸ ἐπίστασθαι ἐδίωκον <span class="bibl">Arist.<span class="title">Metaph.</span>982b21</span>): freq.strengthd., <b class="b3">εὖ ἐ</b>. Hdt.l.c.; <b class="b3">σαφῶς ἐ</b>. <span class="bibl">A.<span class="title">Pr.</span>840</span>, etc.: most freq. c. acc., <b class="b3">τὰ διαφέροντα</b> [[ἐ]]. <span class="bibl">And.4.19</span>, etc.; also ἐ. περί τινος <span class="bibl">Hdt.2.3</span>, <span class="bibl">Th.6.60</span>; περὶ θεῶν <span class="bibl">E.<span class="title">Fr.</span>795.4</span>: folld. by a dependent clause, <b class="b3">τί σφιν χρήσηται ἐ</b>. <span class="bibl">Thgn. 772</span>; <b class="b3">ἐ. ὅτι . .</b>, or <b class="b3">ἐ. τοῦτο, ὅτι . .</b>, <span class="bibl">Hdt.1.3</span>, <span class="bibl">156</span>, etc.; ὡς . . <span class="bibl">A.<span class="title">Pers.</span>599</span>; τοῦτ' ἐπίστασ', ὡς <span class="bibl">S.<span class="title">Aj.</span>1370</span>; ἐ. αὐτὸν οἷς ψωμίζεται <span class="bibl">Ar.<span class="title">Eq.</span>715</span>, etc. </span><span class="sense"><span class="bld">3</span>. rarely, [[know]] a person, <b class="b3">Ἀρίγνωτον γὰρ οὐδεὶς ὅστις οὐκ ἐ</b>. <span class="bibl">Ar.<span class="title">Eq.</span>1278</span>, cf. Muson.<span class="title">Fr.</span>3p.12H., <span class="bibl">Luc.<span class="title">Asin.</span>1</span>; <b class="b3">τὸν Ἰησοῦν γινώσκω</b> <b class="b3">καὶ τὸν Παῦλον ἐ</b>. <span class="bibl"><span class="title">Act.Ap.</span>19.15</span>; but <b class="b3">ὁ παῖς τοὺς τεκόντας οὐκ ἐ</b>. [[does]] not [[know who]] they [[are]], <span class="bibl">E.<span class="title">Ion</span>51</span>. </span><span class="sense"><span class="bld">III</span>. c. part., in Prose and Trag., [[know that]] one is, has, etc., εὖ ἐ. αὐτὸς σχήσων <span class="bibl">Hdt.5.42</span>; ἐσθλὸς ὢν ἐπίστασο <span class="bibl">S.<span class="title">Aj.</span>1399</span>, cf. <span class="bibl">Th.2.44</span>; also <b class="b3">ὡς ὧδ' ἐχόντων τῶνδ'</b> ἐ. σε χρή <span class="bibl">S.<span class="title">Aj.</span>281</span>; <b class="b3">ὡς φανέν γε τοὔπος ὧδ' ἐ</b>. <span class="bibl">Id.<span class="title">OT</span>848</span>: c. dupl. acc., <b class="b3">ἑαυτοὺς Φαυστύλου ἠπιστάμεθα παῖδας</b> (sc. [[ὄντας]]) <span class="bibl">Plu.<span class="title">Rom.</span>7</span>: c.acc. et inf., <span class="bibl">S.<span class="title">Ant.</span>1092</span>, <span class="bibl">Lys.<span class="title">Fr.</span>53.1</span>. </span><span class="sense"><span class="bld">IV</span>. pres.part. [[ἐπιστάμενος]], [[η]], [[ον]], freq. as Adj., [[knowing]], [[understanding]], [[skilful]], <b class="b3">ἀνδρὸς ἐ</b>. <span class="bibl">Od.14.359</span>; χαλεπὸν ἐ. περ ἐόντι <span class="bibl">Il.19.80</span>; <b class="b3">καὶ μάλ' ἐ</b>. <span class="bibl">Od.13.313</span>; even of a dancer's feet, θρέξασκον ἐπισταμένοισι πόδεσσι <span class="bibl">Il.18.599</span>: also c.gen., <b class="b3">φόρμιγγος ἐ. καὶ ἀοιδῆς</b> [[skilled]], [[versed in]] them, <span class="bibl">Od.21.406</span>: and c. dat., ἄκοντι <span class="bibl">Il.15.282</span>: hence, </span><span class="sense"><span class="bld">2</span>. Adv. [[ἐπιστᾰμένως]] [[skilfully]], [[expertly]], <span class="bibl">7.317</span>, <span class="bibl">Hes.<span class="title">Th.</span>87</span>, etc.; <b class="b3">εὖ καὶ ἐ</b>. <span class="bibl">Il.10.265</span>, <span class="bibl">Od.20.161</span>, <span class="bibl">Hes.<span class="title">Op.</span>107</span>; ἐ. πίνειν <span class="bibl">Thgn.212</span>; also in Prose, <span class="bibl">X.<span class="title">Cyr.</span>1.1.3</span>, <span class="bibl">A.D.<span class="title">Adv.</span>146.7</span>, Vett. Val.<span class="bibl">298.2</span>: c.inf., [[with knowledge]] how to... <span class="bibl">Epicur.<span class="title">Nat.</span>14.4</span>. (Since <b class="b3">ἐφίστημι τὸν νοῦν</b> is used in the sense of [[ἐπίσταμαι]], [[attend]], [[observe]], it is prob. that [[ἐπίσταμαι]] is merely an old med. form of [[ἐφίστημι]], cf. <span class="bibl">Arist. <span class="title">Ph.</span>247b11</span> <b class="b3">τῷ γὰρ ἠρεμῆσαι καὶ στῆναι τὴν διάνοιαν ἐπίστασθαι . . λέγομεν</b>, and v. [[ἐπίστασις]] <span class="bibl">11.2</span>.)</span>

|ptext=[[https://www.translatum.gr/images/pape/pape-01-0982.png Seite 982]] (ἐπὶ – ἵσταμαι, eigtl. ion. Form; es wurde aber auch im Att. so beibehalten u. nicht als comp. behandelt; Buttmann nimmt einen eigenen Verbalstamm πιστ an, der aber nicht mit [[πίστις]] zusammenhangen soll, Lexil. I p. 278), 2. Perf, ἐπίστασαι Plat. Prot. 339 b; [[ἐπίστᾳ]] Pind. P. 3, 80; Aesch. Eum. 86; ἐπίστῃ Theogn. 1085; ἐξεπίστεαι Her. 7, 135; imper. ἐπίστω Xen. Cyr. 3, 2, 16 Hell. 4, 1, 38, ἐπίστασο Aesch. Prom. 840 Her. 7, 29, ἐπίσταο 7, 209; impf. ἠπιστάμην, fut. ἐπιστήσομαι, aor. ἠπιστήθην; sich worauf [[verstehen]], geschickt od. fähig wozu sein, c. inf., ἐπί. στηται πολεμίζειν Il. 16, 243, [[καί]] κ' ἀγαθοῖσιν ἐπισταίμεσθα μάχεσθαι 13, 238, ἄρτια βάζειν 14, 92, πᾶσιν ἐπίστατο [[μείλιχος]] εἶναι 17, 671, öfter, sowohl von geistiger Fähigkeit u. Einsicht, auch ᾗσι φρεσίν Iliad. 14, 92 Od. 8, 240, u. θυμῷ, Odyss. 4, 730, als von körperlicher Geschicklichkeit u. Gewandtheit, auch mit dem Zusatz χερσίν, Il. 5, 60; c. acc., verstehen, können, ἔργα, Iliad. 23, 705 Od. 2, 117. Aristarch erklärte in Stellen Homers ἐπί. στασθαι gradezu für gleichbedeutend mit δύνασθαι, Scholl. Aristonic. Iliad. 16, 142. 13, 223. 21, 320, Lehrs Aristarch. ed. 2 p. 148. – Folgende: ἐπίστασαι u. [[ἐπίστᾳ]] Pind. P. 8, 7. 3, 80; letztere Form auch Aesch. Eum. 86. 551; ἐπίστῃ conj. Plat. Euthyd. 296 c; vgl. Lob. zu Phryn. 359; – Tragg. σαφῶς ἐπίστα σο, wisse wohl, Aesch. Prom. 969; c. inf., σύ γ' [[οὔπω]] σωφρονεῖν ἐπίστασαι 984; ψευδηγορεῖν οὐκ ἐπίσταται [[στόμα]] τὸ Δῖον 1034, ist nicht fähig, vermag nicht; πένεσθαι Ag. 936; θυμοῦσθαι οὐκ [[ἐπίσταμαι]] νοσοῦντι κείνῳ Soph. Tr. 540; ἄλοχον κολάζειν προδότιν οὐκ ἠπίστατο, vermochte es nicht über sich, sie zu bestrafen, Eur. El. 1028; vgl. Her. 3, 15 εἰ ἠπίστατο μὴ πολυπραγμονεῖν, wenn er so klug gewesen wäre, sich nicht in fremde Angelegenheiten zu mischen; ἐπί. στω τοῦτό γε, wisse, erfahre, Soph. Phil. 417 u. öfter, neben ἐπίστασο, O. R. 848 u. sonst; [[ἐπεί]] γε μὲν δὴ πάντ' ἐπίστασαι λόγον, da du weißt, gehört hast, Tr. 484, vgl. [[ἐπίσταμαι]] μὲν [[ἀρτίως]], ich habe es eben gelernt, Ai. 663; ὅσ' [[οἶδα]] κἀγὼ πάντ' ἐπιστήσει κλύων O. C. 53; τὰ θεῖα τά τ' [[ὄντα]] καὶ μέλλοντα πάντ' ἠπίστατο Eur. Hel. 14; ὁ [[παῖς]] οὐκ ἐπίσταται τοὺς τεκόντας, kennt nicht, Ion 51; vgl. Ar. Equ. 1278; κιθαρίζειν οὐκ ἐπί. σταται Vesp. 959. – In Prosa, τέχνην Her. 3, 130; ὅσα ἀκοῇ περὶ αὐτῶν ἠπίστατο Thuc. 6, 60; ἀρετήν Plat. Men. 93 a; τοῦτο τὸ [[ᾆσμα]] Prot. 339 b; [[περί]] τινος 312 e u. öfter, wie auch Her. 2, 3; οὐκ ἐπιστέατο [[ἔνθεν]] ἐγένετο ibd. 53; – c. inf., εἶναι ἀεὶ [[τοιοῦτος]] Her. 7, 92; ἐπιστατεῖν Plat. Crat. 390 b; τραγῳδίαν ποιεῖν Conv. 223 b, u. sonst; – acc. c. inf., Her. 3, 134; – c. part., ἐσθλὸς ὢν ἐπίστασο, Soph. Ai. 1399; Xen. Hipp. 8, 10 u. A.; – auswendig wissen, [[ᾆσμα]] Plat. Gorg. 484 b, μύθους Phaed. 61 b; Xen. Conv. 3, 6; – συριστὶ ἐπιστάμενος, der syrisch versteht, Cyr. 7, 5, 31. – Bei Her. auch = glauben, meinen, δόξῃ 8, 132; ὅτι, 1, 3, ὡς εἴη, 1, 122; acc. c. inf., 3, 140; εὖ ἐπίστατο αὐτὸς σχήσων τὴν βασιληΐην, er meinte, war überzeugt, 5, 42. – Auch = äußerlich kennen, τινά, Plut. Cic. 44; Luc. – Das partic. ἐπιστάμενος, sich auf Etwas verstehend, wissend, kundig, wird oft adjectivisch gebraucht, c. gen., ἀνὴρ φόρμιγγος ἐπιστάμενος καὶ ἀοιδῆς Od. 21, 406; ἄκοντι, mit einem Wurfspieß, sc. zu schleudern, Il. 15, 282; ohne Casus, einsichtsvoll, Od. 14, 359 [[καί]] με σταθμῷ ἐπέλασσαν ἄγοντες ἀνδρὸς ἐπισταμένου· ἔτι γάρ νύ μοι αἶσα βιῶναι, wo Aristarch erklärte τοῦ ἐπιστήμονος, Apollon. Lex. Hom. ed. Bekk. p. 74, 11, Lehrs Aristarch. ed. 2 p. 152; Odyss. 4, 231 ἰητρὸς δὲ [[ἕκαστος]] ἐπιστάμενος περὶ πάντων ἀνθρώπων; vom Pferde, ἐπιστάμενοι διωκέμεν Il. 5, 222. 8, 106; [[θρέξασκον]] ἐπισταμένοισι πόδεσσιν, mit kunstgeübten Füßen, 18, 599; in Prosa, wie das Verbum, mit dem inf. od. [[περί]] τινος, z. B. περὶ ὀνομάτων Plat. Crat. 394 b; τὰ κατὰ ναῦν Rep. VI, 488 d. Dazu adv.

|lsmtext='''ἐπίσταμαι:''' βʹ πρόσ. <i>-ασαι</i>, επίσης [[ἐπίστᾳ]], [[ἐπίστῃ]], Ιων. <i>ἐπίστεαι</i>· προστ. [[ἐπίστασο]], Ιων. <i>ἐπίσταο</i>, συνηρ. [[ἐπίστω]]· υποτ. <i>ἐπίστωμαι</i>, Ιων. <i>-έωμαι</i>· παρατ. [[ἠπιστάμην]], <i>-ασο</i>, <i>-ατο</i>, Ιων. <i>ἐπίστατο</i>, Ιων. γʹ πληθ. [[ἠπιστέατο]] ή <i>ἐπιστέατο</i>· μέλ. [[ἐπιστήσομαι]]· αόρ. αʹ <i>ἠπιστήθην</i> (πιθ. <i>ἐφ-[[ίσταμαι]]</i>), αποθ.:<br /><b class="num">I. 1.</b> με απαρ., [[ξέρω]] πως να κάνω [[κάτι]], [[μπορώ]] να κάνω, είμαι [[ικανός]] να πράξω, σε Όμηρ., Αττ.<br /><b class="num">2.</b> είμαι [[βέβαιος]] ή [[πιστεύω]] ότι [[κάτι]] είναι έτσι, σε Ηρόδ.<br /><b class="num">II. 1.</b> με αιτ., [[καταλαβαίνω]] ένα [[ζήτημα]], [[γνωρίζω]], είμαι [[έμπειρος]] σε [[κάτι]] ή το [[γνωρίζω]] [[καλά]], σε Όμηρ. κ.λπ.· [[μετά]] τον Όμηρ., [[γνωρίζω]] [[κάτι]] ως [[γεγονός]], [[γνωρίζω]] με [[βεβαιότητα]], [[γνωρίζω]] [[καλά]], σε Ηρόδ., Αττ.<br /><b class="num">2.</b> σπάνια, [[γνωρίζω]] κάποιον, σε Ευρ.<br /><b class="num">III.</b> με μτχ., [[γνωρίζω]] ότι [[κάποιος]] είναι, έχει κ.λπ., σε Ηρόδ., Αττ.<br /><b class="num">IV.</b>μτχ. ενεστ. <i>ἐπιστάμενος</i>, <i>-η</i>, <i>-ον</i>, χρησιμ. επίσης, [[συχνά]], ως επίθ., μορφωμένος, πληροφορημένος, ειδήμων, κατανοών, [[ευφυής]], [[ικανός]], [[επιδέξιος]], σε Όμηρ.· με γεν., [[έμπειρος]] ή [[πεπειραμένος]] σε [[κάτι]], στον ίδ.· επίρρ. <i>ἐπιστᾰμένως</i>, με [[επιδεξιότητα]], με [[εμπειρία]], συνετά, [[φρόνιμα]], στον ίδ., σε Ησίοδ.

|etymtx=Grammatical information: v.<br />Meaning: [[be assured]], [[know how]](Il.), also [[believe]] (Heraklit., Hdt.), first intr. as in <b class="b3">ἐπιστάμενος μεν ἄκοντι Ο</b> 282.<br />Other forms: Fut. [[ἐπιστήσομαι]] (Il.), Aor. [[ἠπιστήθην]] (Hdt., att.)<br />Compounds: Also with prefix, e. g. <b class="b3">ἐξ-</b>, <b class="b3">συν-επίσταμαι</b>.<br />Derivatives: [[ἐπιστήμων]] [[knowing about]], [[expert]] (Od.) with [[ἐπιστημονικός]] <b class="b2">of the ἐπιστήμων</b>, usu. [[belonging to knowing]], [[to knowledge]] referring to [[ἐπιστήμη]] (Arist.), [[ἐπιστημοσύνη]] (Xenokr.); also [[ἐπίστημος]] (Hp.; Chantraine Formation 152); denomin. verbs, both rare and late: [[ἐπιστημονίζομαι]] (Al.), [[ἐπιστημόομαι]] (Aq.) <b class="b2">become ἐπ.</b>. - [[ἐπιστήμη]] [[understanding]], [[knowing]], [[knowledge]] (Ion.-Att.; on the history of the meaning Snell Die Ausdrücke für die Begriffe des Wissens 81ff.); the <b class="b3">-η-</b> of the derivatives was favored by the adj. in <b class="b3">-ήμων</b>, resp. by <b class="b3">μνή-μη</b>, <b class="b3">φή-μη</b> (Chantraine 173, 148; Schwyzer 522); thus in the verbal adjective. - [[ἐπιστητός]] [[what can be understood]], [[scienticically accessible]] (Pl., Arist.).<br />Origin: IE [Indo-European] [1004] <b class="b2">*si-steh₂-</b> [[stand]]<br />Etymology: From <b class="b3">*ἐπι-hίσταμαι</b> with early loss of the breath and vowel contraction (resp. hyphäresis), Wackernagel KZ 33, 20f. = Kl. Schr. 1, 699f. Through the meaning development (*stand before something > <b class="b2">be confronted with sth., take knowledge of sth.</b>?; first of practical professions, Bréal MSL 10, 59f., thus OHG [[firstān]], OE [[forstandan]]; acc. to Fraenkel REIE 2, 50ff. [[be on the track of]], [[discover]]; s. alo Snell l. c.) [[ἐπίσταμαι]] was also formally separated from [[ἵσταμαι]], what lead already in Homer to a new <b class="b3">ἐφ-ίσταμαι</b> [[stand at]]. - Acc. to others old fomation without reduplication (lit. in Schwyzer 675 n. 2), after Brugmann Grundr.2 2 : 3, 160 from an aorist <b class="b3">ἐπι-στάμενος</b>, <b class="b3">-σταίμην</b> newly formed.