πότνια: Difference between revisions

|Definition=ἡ, poet.title of honour, used chiefly in addressing females, whether goddesses or women: <span class="sense"><span class="bld">1</span> as [[substantive]], = [[δέσποινα]] (cf. Apion ap.Apollon.<span class="title">Lex.</span>), [[mistress]], [[queen]] (v. sub fin.), πότνιαν ἁγνήν <span class="bibl"><span class="title">h.Cer.</span> 203</span>: mostly c. gen., [[πότνια θηρῶν]] (nom.) [[queen]] of wild beasts, of Artemis, <span class="bibl">Il.21.470</span>; πότνια βελέων <span class="bibl">Pi.<span class="title">P.</span>4.213</span>; [[τὰν ἐρώτων πότνιαν]], of Aphrodite, <span class="bibl">E.<span class="title">Fr.</span>781.16</span> (lyr.); π. λαῶν, [[τοξοφόρων]], <span class="bibl">Arat.112</span>, Call. [[Fr.anon]].<span class="bibl">338</span>: without a gen., π. Αὔως Sapph.153; πότνι' Ἐρινύς <span class="bibl">A.<span class="title">Th.</span>887</span> (lyr.), <span class="bibl"><span class="title">Eu.</span>951</span> (anap.); πότνιαν ἐξαπαφὼν ἐμάν <span class="bibl">E.<span class="title">Ion</span>704</span> (lyr.); [Ἱστίην] πότνιαν <span class="bibl"><span class="title">h.Ven.</span>24</span>; ναὶ τὰν πότνιαν <span class="bibl">Theoc.15.14</span>: in voc., ὦ πότνι' Ἥρα <span class="bibl">A.<span class="title">Th.</span>152</span> (lyr.); [[ὦ πότνια]] (sc. [[Ἀθηναία]]) <span class="bibl">Ar.<span class="title">Eq.</span> 1170</span>, al.; ὦ πότνι' <span class="bibl">E.<span class="title">IT</span>533</span>, <span class="bibl">Ar.<span class="title">Pax</span>445</span>; addressed to a mistress, <span class="title">AP</span>5.269 (Paul.Sil.). </span><span class="sense"><span class="bld">2</span> in pl. of the Eumenides, ὦ πότνιαι δεινῶπες <span class="bibl">S.<span class="title">OC</span>84</span>; τὸ τῶν ποτνιέων ἱρόν <span class="bibl">Hdt.9.97</span>; of Demeter and Kore, <span class="bibl">S. <span class="title">OC</span>1050</span> (lyr.), <span class="bibl">Ar.<span class="title">Th.</span>1149</span> (lyr.); θεσμοφόρους ἁγνὰς π. <span class="title">Inscr.Prien.</span> 196.3. </span><span class="sense"><span class="bld">3</span> as Adj., [[revered]], [[august]], in Hom. of Hebe, Enyo, Calypso, Circe, <span class="bibl">Il.4.2</span>, <span class="bibl">5.592</span>, <span class="bibl">Od.1.14</span>, <span class="bibl">8.448</span>; most freq. of Hera, <span class="bibl">Il.1.551</span>, al., cf. <span class="bibl">Sapph.<span class="title">Supp.</span>6.2</span>; in Hes. of Hera, Tethys, and Peitho, <span class="bibl"><span class="title">Th.</span>11</span>, <span class="bibl">368</span>, <span class="bibl"><span class="title">Op.</span>73</span>; Τριτογένεια <span class="bibl">Id.<span class="title">Th.</span>926</span>; [[Νίκη]] Bacis ap.<span class="bibl">Hdt.8.77</span>, cf. <span class="bibl">B. 11.5</span>; π. μήτηρ <span class="bibl">Il.1.357</span>, al., <span class="bibl">Od.6.30</span>, al.; esp. in invocation, π. γῆ <span class="bibl">Hom.<span class="title">Epigr.</span>7.1</span>; ὦ π. χθών <span class="bibl">A.<span class="title">Ch.</span>722</span> (anap.), <span class="bibl">E.<span class="title">Hec.</span>70</span> (anap.); μᾶτερ πότνια, addressed to Earth, <span class="bibl">S.<span class="title">Ph.</span>395</span> (lyr.) (also of a bird, <span class="bibl">Mosch. 4.24</span>); πότνια νύξ <span class="bibl">E.<span class="title">Or.</span>174</span> (lyr.); ὦ πότνια λήθη τῶν κακῶν ib.<span class="bibl">213</span>; Ἔνοσι πότνια <span class="bibl">Id.<span class="title">Ba.</span>585</span> (lyr.); ὦ μεγάλα Θέμι καὶ πότνι'  Ἄρτεμι <span class="bibl">Id.<span class="title">Med.</span>160</span> (anap.); ὦ πότνια αἰδώς <span class="bibl">Id.<span class="title">IA</span>821</span>; ὦ πότνια μοῖρα καὶ τύχη ib.<span class="bibl">1136</span>: the phrase πότνια συκῆ is used by <span class="bibl">Arist.<span class="title">Rh.</span>1408a16</span> as a parody of Cleophon's style.—Mostly used in voc. [The first [[syllable]] is short in <span class="bibl">A.<span class="title">Th.</span>152</span>, <span class="bibl"><span class="title">Ch.</span>722</span>, <span class="bibl">E.<span class="title">Med.</span> 160</span>, <span class="bibl"><span class="title">Ion</span> 873</span>, al., Theoc. l. c., but elsewh. long, cf. [[πότμος]]: the final [[syllable]] always short in nom., voc., and acc.sg.]</span>