ἕζομαι: Difference between revisions

|etymtx=Grammatical information: v.<br />Meaning: <b class="b2">sit (down)</b> (Il.)<br />Other forms: fut. [[καθεδοῦμαι]] (Att.), later [[καθεσθήσομαι]] (LXX), [[καθεδήσομαι]] (D. L.); aor. [[καθεσθῆναι]] (Paus.); - other presents [[ἵζω]], [[ἱζάνω]] (Schwyzer 700) [[make sit]], [[set]], with [[ἵζησα]], [[ἵζηκα]] (late.), with prefix <b class="b3">καθ-ίζω</b> (Il.), Ion. <b class="b3">κατ-ίζω</b>, <b class="b3">καθ-ιζάνω</b>, Aeol. <b class="b3">κατ-ισδάνω</b> [[set down]], [[sit down]], med. <b class="b3">καθ-ίζομαι</b> [[sit down]], with fut. [[καθιῶ]] (D.), [[καθίσω]] (hell.), [[κατίσω]] (Ion.), [[καθιξῶ]] (Dor.), med. [[καθιζήσομαι]] (Att.), [[καθιοῦμαι]] (LXX), [[καθίσομαι]] (NT., Plu.); aor. <b class="b3">καθίσ(σ)αι</b>, <b class="b3">καθίσ(σ)ασθαι</b> (X., in Hom. wrong for <b class="b3">καθέσ(σ)αι</b>, s. below), [[κατίσαι]] (Hdt., for [[κατέσαι]]), [[καθίξαι]] (Dor.), [[καθιζῆσαι]] (late.); late perf. [[κεκάθικα]], late aor. ptc. pass. [[καθιζηθείς]]. - Beside these present forms and the aorists there is a sigmatic aorist [[εἷσα]] [[I set]], inf. <b class="b3">ἕσ(σ)αι</b>, med. [[εἱσάμην]], <b class="b3">ἕσ(σ)ασθαι</b>, <b class="b3">καθ-εῖσα</b>, <b class="b3">καθ-έσ(σ)αι</b> (thus also in Hom. to be read for <b class="b3">καθίσ(σ)αι</b>; and also [[κατέσαι]] for [[κατίσαι]] in Hdt.); here fut. [[καθέσω]] (Eup.); see Wackernagel Unt. 63ff.<br />Compounds: With terminative prefix (s. Brunel Aspect verbal 83ff., 257ff.) <b class="b3">καθ-έζομαι</b> (Il.) <b class="b2">sit (down)</b> - Often with prefix: <b class="b3">ἀνα-</b>, <b class="b3">ἐν-</b>, <b class="b3">ἐπι-</b>, <b class="b3">παρα-</b>, <b class="b3">συν-</b> etc.; also to [[καθέζομαι]], [[καθίζω]] which are considered as simplices (s. Schwyzer 656, Schwyzer-Debrunner 429). - [[ἕδος]] s-stem (s. [[εὐρυόδεια]] s.v.). The verbal nouns are largely independent, s. [[ἕδρα]], [[ἑδώλια]], [[ἑλλά]]; also [[ἔδαφος]] and [[ἔδεθλον]]; [[ἕσμα]] [[stalk]], [[pedicle]] (Arist.) < <b class="b2">*sed-sm-</b>, cf. [[ὄζος]]. Cf. also [[ἱδρύω]].<br />Origin: IE [Indo-European] [884] <b class="b2">*sed-</b> [[sit down]]<br />Etymology: Both [[ἕζομαι]] and [[ἵζω]] are IE formations, [[ἕζομαι]] a thematic jotpresent <b class="b2">*sed-i̯o-(mai</b>), also found in Germ., e. g. ONo. [[sitia]], OS [[sittian]], OHG [[sizzen]] [[sitzen]], [[ἵζω]] a redupl. <b class="b2">*si-zd-ō</b> (< <b class="b2">*si-sd-ō</b> ) = Lat. [[sīdō]], Umbr. [[sistu]] [[sidito]], Skt. <b class="b2">sī́dati</b> . As the preterite [[ἑζόμην]] in Homer is often an aorist, it is perh. a redupl. aorist <b class="b2">*se-zd-</b> (cf. Av. opt. <b class="b2">ha-zd-yā-t_</b>); it could even be an augmented zero grade <b class="b2">*e-zd-</b> (with secondary aspiration). A present is in Homer only [[ἕζεαι]] (κ 378). Cf. Schwyzer 652 n. 5 and 716 n. 3, Chantr. Gramm. hom. 1, 336. - The aorist [[εἷσα]], <b class="b3">ἕσ(σ)αι</b> from IE <b class="b2">*e-sed-s-m̥</b> (with sec. aspiration), <b class="b2">*sed-sai</b> agrees with Skt. subj. <b class="b2">ní</b> ... <b class="b2">ṣát-s-a-t</b> <b class="b2">er möge sich niederlassen</b> (RV 10, 53, 1). - Further, e. g. Lat. [[sedēre]], [[sēdāre]], OCS <b class="b2">sěděti</b>, s. the etym. dict. - As perfect indicating a present to (<b class="b3">καθ-)ἕζομαι</b>, (<b class="b3">καθ-)ἵζω</b> functions [[ἧμαι]], <b class="b3">κάθ-ημαι</b> (s. Schwyzer-Debrunner 258).