λευκός: Difference between revisions

|Definition=ή, όν, <span class="sense"><span class="bld">A</span> [[light]], [[bright]], [[clear]] (opp. [[μέλας]] in all senses), αἴγλη <span class="bibl">Od. 6.45</span>; [[λευκὸν]] ([[varia lectio|v.l.]] [[λαμπρόν]])… ἠέλιος ὥς <span class="bibl">Il.14.185</span>; λ. φάος <span class="bibl">S.<span class="title">Aj.</span>708</span> (lyr.), cf. infr. <span class="bibl">11.3</span>; αἰθήρ <span class="bibl">E.<span class="title">Andr.</span>1228</span> (anap.); of metallic surfaces, λέβης <span class="bibl">Il.23.268</span>; <b class="b3">λ. γαλήνη</b> a [[glassy]] calm, <span class="bibl">Od.10.94</span>; of water, [[clear]], [[limpid]], <span class="bibl">Il.23.282</span>, <span class="bibl">Od.5.70</span>, <span class="bibl">A.<span class="title">Supp.</span>23</span> (anap.); λ. νᾶμα <span class="bibl">E.<span class="title">HF</span>573</span>; -ότατος ποταμῶν <span class="bibl">Call.<span class="title">Jov.</span>19</span>. </span><span class="sense"><span class="bld">2</span> metaph., [[clear]], [[distinct]], of the voice, <span class="bibl">Arist.<span class="title">Top.</span>106a25</span>, <span class="bibl">S.E.<span class="title">M.</span>6.41</span>: in literary sense, [[clear]], λ. στίχος <span class="title">AP</span>11.347 (Phil.): [[proverb|prov.]], <b class="b3">λευκὸς Ἑρμῆς</b>, when a rogue was detected, <span class="bibl">Macar. 5.53</span>. Adv. -<b class="b3">κῶς, πάντα φαίνειν</b>, of Hermes, <span class="bibl">Corn.<span class="title">ND</span>16</span>: Comp. -ότερον, διαλεχθῆναι <span class="bibl">Hld.7.20</span>. </span><span class="sense"><span class="bld">II</span> of colour, [[white]], freq. in Hom., varying from the pure [[white]] of snow ([ἵπποι] -ότεροι χιόνος <span class="bibl">Il.10.437</span>) to the [[grey]] of dust (λευκοὶ ἐγένοντο κονισάλῳ <span class="bibl">5.503</span>); γάλα λ. <span class="bibl">4.434</span>; κρῖ <span class="bibl">5.196</span>; ἄλφιτα <span class="bibl">18.560</span>; ἡνία λεύκ' ἐλέφαντι <span class="bibl">5.583</span>; ὀδόντες <span class="bibl">10.263</span>; ὀστέα <span class="bibl">16.347</span>; ἱστία <span class="bibl">1.480</span>; φᾶρος <span class="bibl">18.353</span>, etc.; <b class="b3">λ. ἅρμα</b>, = [[λεύκιππον]], <span class="bibl">E.<span class="title">Ph.</span>172</span>; of the white horses used by tyrants, λ. ζεῦγος <span class="bibl">D. 21.158</span>, cf. <b class="b3">λεύκιππος; λ. λίθος</b> marble, <span class="title">OGI</span>219.36 (Sigeum, iii B.C.), etc., cf. <b class="b3">λευκόλιθος; λευκῷ&lt;ν&gt;λίθῳ λ. στάθμη</b> a [[white]] line on a [[white]] stone, [[proverb|prov.]] of explanations which do not explain, <span class="bibl">S.<span class="title">Fr.</span>330</span>; <b class="b3">ἡ λ. ῥίζα</b> [[white]] root (= <b class="b3">ἡ τοῦ δρακοντίου</b>, acc. to Gal.19.118), <span class="bibl">Hp.<span class="title">Morb.</span>2.48</span>, <span class="bibl"><span class="title">Nat.Mul.</span>32</span>; freq. of [[white]] or [[grey]] hair, λ. κάρη <span class="bibl">Tyrt.10.23</span>; θρίξ <span class="bibl">S.<span class="title">Ant.</span>1092</span>; λ. γῆρας <span class="bibl">Id.<span class="title">Aj.</span>625</span> (lyr.); λευκὰ γήρᾳ σώματα <span class="bibl">E.<span class="title">HF</span> 909</span>, etc. </span><span class="sense"><span class="bld">b</span> of the human skin, [[white]], [[fair]], sometimes as a sign of youth and beauty, [[χρώς]], [[πήχεε]], <span class="bibl">Il.11.573</span>, <span class="bibl">Od.23.240</span>; <b class="b3">λευκὴ παρειά, λευκὴ παρηΐς</b>, <span class="bibl">S.<span class="title">Ant.</span>1239</span>, <span class="bibl">E.<span class="title">Med.</span>923</span>; [[σάρξ]], [[δέρη]], ib.<span class="bibl">1189</span> (v.l.), <span class="bibl"><span class="title">IA</span>875</span> (troch.); freq. with the notion of [[bare]], [[κῶλον]], [[πούς]], <span class="bibl">Id.<span class="title">Ba.</span>665</span>, <span class="bibl">863</span> (lyr.), <span class="bibl"><span class="title">Ion</span> 221</span> (lyr.); cf. [[λευκόπους]]. </span><span class="sense"><span class="bld">c</span> of persons, [[white-skinned]], <span class="bibl">Pl.<span class="title">R.</span>474e</span>: hence, [[weakly]], [[womanish]], <span class="bibl">Ar.<span class="title">Th.</span>191</span>, <span class="bibl"><span class="title">Ec.</span>428</span>, <span class="bibl">X.<span class="title">HG</span>3.4.19</span>; λευκῶν ἀνδρῶν οὐδὲν ὄφελος <span class="bibl">Macar.5.55</span>; cf. [[λευκόπρωκτος]], [[λευκόχρως]]. </span><span class="sense"><span class="bld">d</span> <b class="b3">λευκαὶ φρένες</b> in <span class="bibl">Pi.<span class="title">P.</span>4.109</span> is expld. by Hsch. [[μαινόμεναι]], [[frantic]], [[passionate]] (cf. <b class="b3">λευκῶν πραπίδων· κακῶν φρενῶν</b>, Id.). </span><span class="sense"><span class="bld">2</span> [[λευκὸς χρυσός]], [[pale]] [[gold]], i.e. gold [[alloy]]ed with [[silver]] (prob. the same as [[ἤλεκτρον]]), opp. <b class="b3">ἄπεφθος χρυσός</b>, <span class="bibl">Hdt.1.50</span>. </span><span class="sense"><span class="bld">3</span> metaph., [[bright]], [[fortunate]], [[happy]], λευκὸν ἦμαρ νυκτὸς ἐκ μελαγχίμου <span class="bibl">A.<span class="title">Pers.</span>301</span>, cf. <span class="bibl"><span class="title">Ag.</span>668</span>; a [[joyful]] day or [[holiday]], <span class="bibl">Call.<span class="title">Aet.</span>1.1.2</span>; <b class="b3">λ. ἡμέρα</b> a [[happy]] day, <span class="bibl">S.<span class="title">Fr.</span>6</span>, cf. Sch.Call.<span class="title">Iamb.</span>in <span class="bibl"><span class="title">PSI</span>9.1094.39</span>; variously expld. in <span class="bibl">Phylarch. 83</span> J., <span class="bibl">Plu.<span class="title">Per.</span>27</span>; <b class="b3">ἡ λ. ψῆφος</b> the vote of acquittal, <span class="bibl">Luc.<span class="title">Harm.</span>3</span>, cf. Hsch. </span><span class="sense"><span class="bld">III</span> [[λεύκη]], ἡ, [[λευκόν]], τό, as [[substantive]], v. sub vocc. (Cogn. with Lat. [[lux]], etc.)</span>