κόραξ: Difference between revisions

|Definition=ᾰκος, ὁ, <span class="sense"><span class="bld">A</span> [[raven]], [[Corvus corax]] (not in Hom.); <b class="b3">πάντα τάδ' ἐν κοράκεσσι καὶ ἐν φθόρῳ</b> 'food for [[crows]]', <span class="bibl">Thgn.833</span>; κόρακες ὣς ἄκραντα γαρύετον Διὸς πρὸς ὄρνιχα θεῖον <span class="bibl">Pi.<span class="title">O.</span>2.87</span>; ἐπὶ σώματος δίκαν κόρακος… σταθεῖσα <span class="bibl">A.<span class="title">Ag.</span>1473</span>(lyr.); κόρακες ὥστε βωμῶν ἀλέγοντες οὐδέν <span class="bibl">Id.<span class="title">Supp.</span>751</span> (lyr.); κόραξι καὶ λύκοις χαρίζεσθαι <span class="bibl">Luc. <span class="title">Tim.</span>8</span>; in imprecations, <b class="b3">ἐς κόρακας</b> 'go and be hanged', <span class="bibl">Ar.<span class="title">V.</span>852</span>, <span class="bibl">982</span>; βάλλ' ἐς κ. <span class="bibl">Id.<span class="title">Nu.</span>133</span>; ἀπόφερ' ἐς κ. <span class="bibl">Id.<span class="title">Pax</span>1221</span>; <b class="b3">οὐκ ἐς κ. ἐρρήσετε</b>; ib.<span class="bibl">500</span>; ἔρρ' ἐς κ. <span class="bibl">Pherecr.70</span>; πλείτω ἐς κ. <span class="bibl">Ar.<span class="title">Eq.</span>1314</span>; <b class="b3">οὐκ ἐς κ. ἀποφθερεῖ</b>; <span class="bibl">Id.<span class="title">Nu.</span> 789</span>; ἐς κ. οἰχήσεται <span class="bibl">Id.<span class="title">V.</span>51</span>; ἐξελῶ σ' ἐς κ. ἐκ τῆς οἰκίας <span class="bibl">Id.<span class="title">Nu.</span>123</span>; ἐς κ. ἔρρειν ἐκ τῆς Ἀττικῆς <span class="bibl">Alex.94.5</span>: as a prophet of bad weather, <span class="bibl">Arist.<span class="title">Fr.</span>253</span>, Thphr <span class="title">Sign.</span>16, Plu.2.129a, etc.; of fair weather, <span class="bibl">Arat.1003</span>, <span class="title">Gp.</span>1.2.6, etc.; <b class="b3">λευκὸς κ</b>., [[proverb|prov.]] of something unheard of, <span class="title">AP</span>11.417, Luc.<span class="title">Epigr.</span>43; but white ravens are mentioned by <span class="bibl">Arist. <span class="title">HA</span>519a6</span>. </span><span class="sense"><span class="bld">2</span> [[cormorant]], [[Phalacrocorax carbo]], ib.<span class="bibl">593b18</span>. </span><span class="sense"><span class="bld">3</span> the constellation <span class="title">Corvus</span>, <span class="bibl">Arat.449</span>, <span class="bibl">Ptol.<span class="title">Tetr.</span>27</span>, etc. </span><span class="sense"><span class="bld">4</span> title of a grade in the mysteries of Mithras, <span class="bibl">Porph.<span class="title">Abst.</span>4.16</span>. </span><span class="sense"><span class="bld">II</span> [[anything hooked]] or <b class="b2">pointed like a raven's beak</b>, cf. κορώνη ''ΙΙ'', </span><span class="sense"><span class="bld">1</span> [[engine for grappling ships]], Plb <span class="bibl">1.22.3</span>, <span class="bibl">App.<span class="title">BC</span>5.106</span>. </span><span class="sense"><span class="bld">b</span> [[siege-engine]], <span class="bibl">Ph.<span class="title">Bel.</span>100.18</span>, <span class="bibl">D.S.17.44</span>. </span><span class="sense"><span class="bld">2</span> <b class="b2">hooked door-handle</b>, <span class="bibl">Posidipp.7</span>, <span class="title">AP</span>11.203, <span class="bibl">Alex.Aphr.<span class="title">in SE</span>25.17</span>; [[hook]] on a machine, <span class="bibl">Hero <span class="title">Aut.</span> 15.3</span>, <span class="bibl">Orib.49.4.16</span>, <span class="bibl">Ath.Mech.36.10</span>, <span class="bibl">Bito 50.9</span>: generally, [[hook]], Sammelb.1.24 (iii A. D.). </span><span class="sense"><span class="bld">3</span> [[instrument of torture]], <span class="bibl">Luc.<span class="title">Nec.</span>11</span> ([[si vera lectio|s.v.l.]]). </span><span class="sense"><span class="bld">4</span> = [[κατακλείς]], <span class="bibl">Hero <span class="title">Bel.</span>79.11</span>. </span><span class="sense"><span class="bld">5</span> [[point]] of a surgical knife, σμιλαρίου Heliod. ap. <span class="bibl">Orib.44.10.5</span>; [[κατιάδος]] Id. ap. Sch.<span class="bibl">Orib. 44.14.4</span>. </span><span class="sense"><span class="bld">6</span> [[cock's bill]], Hsch. </span><span class="sense"><span class="bld">III</span> [[tub-fish]] (cf. [[κορακῖνος]]), Diph.Siph. ap. <span class="bibl">Ath.8.356a</span>. </span><span class="sense"><span class="bld">IV</span> a plaster, Philum. ap. <span class="bibl">Aët.5.127</span>, Orib.<span class="title">Fr.</span>84. (Cf. [[κορώνη]], Lat. [[corvus]], [[cornix]], etc.)</span>

|elnltext=κόραξ -ακος, ὁ onomat. raaf (vogel); uitdr.: ἐς κόρακας βάλλειν of ἀποφέρειν of ἐξελαύνειν de vernieling in helpen; abs.: ἐς κόρακας rot op!, val dood!; ἐς κόρακας ἔρρειν of οἴχεσθαι of ἀποφθείρεσθαι naar de hel lopen. ijzeren halsband (folterwerktuig).

|ftr='''κόραξ''': -ακος<br />{kóraks}<br />'''Grammar''': m.<br />'''Meaning''': [[Rabe]] (Thgn., Pi. usw.; Κόρακος [[πέτρη]] "Rabenfels" ν 408), oft übertr. [[Haken]], [[Enterhaken]], [[Türhaken]] (hell. u. spät), auch als Fischname (Diph. Siph.; vgl. unten) und als N. eines Sternbildes (Eudox. usw.; Scherer Gestirnnamen 191).<br />'''Composita''' : Kompp. [[κορακοειδής]] [[rabenähnlich]] (Arist.), [[ὀξυκόρακος]] [[mit einem scharfen Haken]] (Paul. Aeg.).<br />'''Derivative''': Mehrere Ableitungen, unter denen einige Fisch- und Pflanzennamen (wegen der Farbe und der Stimme, bzw. wegen des Standorts; Strömberg Fischnamen 114f., Pflanzennamen 119): Deminutiva [[κοράκιον]] [[Häkchen]] (Pap.), Pflanze = [[ἱεράκιον]] (Arist.), [[κορακίσκος]] (Gloss.), [[κορακῖνος]] m. [[junger Rabe]] (Ar.), gewöhnlich Fischname, [[Sciaena nigra]] (Epich., Ar., Arist. usw.) mit f. [[κορακινίς]] (Gp.), Demin. -ινίδιον (Kom., Pap.); lat. LW ''coracīnus'' > ital. ''coracino'' usw.; [[κορακίας]] m. [[Alpenkrähe]], [[Pyrrhocorax alpinus]] (Arist., H.), Κορακιαί pl. ON in Delos (Inschr. III^a; mit oppositivem Akzent); [[κορακεύς]]· [[εἶδος]] ἰχθύος H. (Boßhardt Die Nom. auf -ευς 85); [[κοράκεως]] m. = [[κορώνεως]] [[Feigenbaum mit rabenschwarzen Früchten]] (Hermipp. 51; vgl. zu [[ἐρινεώς]] s. [[ἐρινεός]]); [[κορακησία]] Pflanzenname (Pythag. ap. Plin.), Κορακήσιον ON (Pamphylien) mit -ήσιος, -ησιωτικός (Pap. III^a); zu -ήσιος Chantraine Formation 42, Schwyzer 466; κορακώδης [[rabenähnlich]] (Arist.), [[κοραξός]] [[rabenschwarz]] (Str. u. a.), [[κόραξος]] Fischname (Xenokr.) mit σο-Suffix (Schwyzer 516, Chantraine 434); (κατα-)[[κορακόω]] ‘(mit einem Türhaken) verschließen’ (''Mon''. ''Ant''. u. a.), κοράξαι· [[ἄγαν]] προσλιπαρῆσαι. πεποίηται παρὰ τοὺς κόρακας H., wohl eig. [[sich anhaken]]; davon als Rückbildung [[κόρακος]] m. [[Pflaster]] (Paul. Aeg.)? — [[σκορακίζω]] eig. "zu den Raben (ἐς κόρακας) gehen heißen", [[fortjagen]], [[beschimpfen]] (att., hell.) mit [[σκορακισμός]] [[Beschimpfung]], [[Verwünschung]] (LXX, Plu.); vgl. Schwyzer 413. — Ausführlich über [[κόραξ]], [[κορακίας]], [[κορακῖνος]] Thompson Birds und Fishes s. vv.<br />'''Etymology''' : Onomatopoetisches Wort auf -αξ, mit den anders gebildeten lat. ''corvus'' [[Rabe]], gr. [[κορώνη]], lat. ''cornīx'' [[Krähe]], gr. [[κόραφος]] Vogelname (H.) verwandt. In -αξ wird seit Brugmann Grundr.² 2 : 1, 494f. wegen ''cor''-''n''-''īx'', [[κορώνη]] ein sonantisches -''n̥''- vermutet. — Weitere Formen mit reicher Lit. bei WP. 1, 413ff., Pok. 567ff., W.-Hofmann und Ernout-Meillet s. ''cornīx''. Vgl. [[κορώνη]], auch [[κορκορυγή]]; [[κράζω]] und [[κρώζω]].<br />'''Page''' 1,917