λιμός: Difference between revisions

|Definition=οῦ, ὁ (Dor. ἡ, acc. to Phryn.164, used by the Megarian in <span class="bibl">Ar.<span class="title">Ach.</span>743</span>, cf. <span class="bibl">Herod.2.17</span>, <span class="bibl">Bion <span class="title">Fr.</span>14.4</span>; <b class="b3">Λ. ἔχων γυναικὸς μορφήν</b> Callisth. ap. <span class="bibl">Ath.10.452b</span>; also <span class="bibl"><span class="title">h.Cer.</span>311</span>, Call.<span class="sense"><span class="bld">A</span> Fr.anon.<span class="bibl">43</span>, <span class="bibl">Plb.1.84.9</span>, <span class="title">AP</span>9.89 (Phil.), <span class="bibl"><span class="title">Ev.Luc.</span>15.14</span>, <span class="bibl"><span class="title">Act.Ap.</span>11.28</span>):—[[hunger]], [[famine]], δίψα τε καὶ λ. <span class="bibl">Il.19.166</span>; λιμῷ θανέειν <span class="bibl">Od.12.342</span>; λιμὸν ὁμοῦ καὶ λοιμόν <span class="bibl">Hes.<span class="title">Op.</span>243</span>, cf. <span class="bibl">Th.2.54</span>; λ. αἰανής <span class="bibl">Pi.<span class="title">I.</span>1.49</span>; λιμῷ συνεστεῶτας <span class="bibl">Hdt. 7.170</span>; σκότῳ λ. ξύνοικος <span class="bibl">A.<span class="title">Ag.</span>1642</span>; δείπνου προφήτην λιμόν <span class="bibl">Antiph. 217.23</span>; ἅπανθ' ὁ λ. γλυκέα πλὴν αὑτοῦ ποιεῖ <span class="bibl">Id.293</span>; ὁ δὲ λ. ἐστιν ἀθανασίας φάρμακον <span class="bibl">Id.86.6</span>: [[proverb|prov.]], <b class="b3">ἀπολεῖτε λιμῷ Μηλίῳ</b>, referring to the siege of Melos, <span class="bibl">Ar.<span class="title">Av.</span>186</span>: metaph., ἤδη γὰρ εἶδον… λιμόν τ' ἐν ἀνδρὸς πλουσίου φρονήματι, γνώμην δὲ μεγάλην ἐν πένητι σώματι <span class="bibl">E.<span class="title">El.</span> 371</span>. </span><span class="sense"><span class="bld">II</span> [[a hungry wretch]], <span class="bibl">Men.<span class="title">Kol.</span>78</span>, <span class="bibl">Posidipp.26.12</span>, <span class="bibl">Eust. 1828.6</span>.</span>

|etymtx=Grammatical information: m., also f. (Schwyzer-Debrunner 37 w. n. 3, Solmsen Wortforsch. 109)<br />Meaning: [[hunger]], [[famine]] (Il.).<br />Compounds: Compp., e.g. <b class="b3">λιμ-αγχ-έομαι</b> [[be weakened by hunger]] (Hp.) from <b class="b3">*λίμ-αγχ-ος</b> (: [[ἄγχω]]; cf. Schwyzer 726); on <b class="b3">βού-λιμος</b> s. on [[βουλιμία]]; on [[πούλιμος]] [[strong hunger]] (Boeot.) Schulze K.Z. 33, 243 f. = Kl. Schr. 399 f. -<br />Derivatives: <b class="b3">λιμ-ώδης</b> [[hungry]] (Hp.), <b class="b3">-ηρός</b> [[hungry]], [[connected with hunger]] (Theoc., AP ), <b class="b3">-αλέος</b> = [[ῥυσός]], [[λεπτός]]' (H.; after [[αὑαλέος]] a. o.). Verbs: [[λιμαίνω]], [[λιμῆναι]] [[be hungry]] (Hdt.), [[λιμώττω]], <b class="b3">-ώσσω</b> <b class="b2">id.</b> (Str., J.) with [[λίμωξις]] (late); on NGr. [[λιμάζω]], <b class="b3">-άσσω</b> cf. Georgacas Glotta 36, 168; on the group id. <b class="b3">Ἀφιέρωμα Τριανταφυλλίδη</b> 513ff.<br />Origin: XX [etym. unknown]<br />Etymology: No agreement outside Greek (Osc. [[limu]] [[famem]] is a loan.) A primary formation compared with <b class="b3">λι-μός</b> is suspected in <b class="b3">λοι-μός</b> [[pest]] (s.v.) in spite of the long [[ι]]; on further hypothetical connections, e.g. with Lith. <b class="b2">líesas</b> [[meagre]], <b class="b2">leĩnas</b> [[thin]], [[weak]], [[pliant]], Goth. [[af-linnan]] [[ἀποχωρεῖν]]', OHG [[bi-linnan]] [[give way]], [[stop]], [[leave off]] s. WP. 2, 387f., Pok. 661 f., Fraenkel Wb. s. <b class="b2">láibas</b>, also W.-Hofmann s. [[lētum]]. Diff. Wackernagel KZ 30, 295 ( = Kl. Schr. 1, 658): from <b class="b3">*λιπ-μός</b> to <b class="b3">λίψ ἐπιθυμία</b>, [[λίπτω]] (s. v.); s. also [[λιρός]]. .<br />See also: --Zu [[λειρός]] s. [[λείριον]].

|ftr='''λιμός''': {līmós}<br />'''Grammar''': m., auch f. (Schwyzer-Debrunner 37 m.. A. 3, Solmsen Wortforsch. 109)<br />'''Meaning''': [[Hunger]], [[Hungersnot]] (seit Il.).<br />'''Composita''' : Kompp., z.B. λιμαγχέομαι [[von Hunger erdrosselt werden]] (Hp. u.a.) von *λίμαγχος (: [[ἄγχω]]; vgl. Schwyzer 726); zu [[βούλιμος]] s. zu [[βουλιμία]]; zu [[πούλιμος]] [[Heißhunger]] (böot.) Schulze K.Z. 33, 243 f. = Kl. Schr. 399 f.<br />'''Derivative''': Davon [[λιμώδης]] [[hungrig]] (Hp., spät), -ηρός [[hungrig]], [[mit Hunger verbunden]] (Theok., ''AP'' u. a.), -αλέος = ’[[ῥυσός]], [[λεπτός]]’ (H.; nach [[αὐαλέος]] u. a.). Verba: [[λιμαίνω]], λιμῆναι [[hungern]] (Hdt.), [[λιμώττω]], -ώσσω ib. (Str., J. usw.) mit [[λίμωξις]] (sp.); zu ngr. λιμάζω, -άσσω vgl. Georgacas Glotta 36, 168; zur ganzen Gruppe dens. Ἀφιέρωμα Τριανταφυλλίδη 513ff.<br />'''Etymology''' : Ohne außergriechische Entsprechung bis auf das entlehnte osk. ''limu'' [[famem]]. Eine mit λι-μός ablautende primäre Bildung wird in [[λοιμός]] [[Pest]] (s.d.) vermutet; über weitere hypothetische Anknüpfungen, z.B. an lit. ''líesas'' [[mager]], [[hager]], [[schmächtig]], ''leĩnas'' [[dünn]], [[schwach]], [[biegsam]], got. ''af''-''linnan'' [[ἀποχωρεῖν]], ahd. ''bi''-''linnan'' [[weichen]], [[aufhören]], [[nachlassen]] u. a. m. s. WP. 2, 387f., Pok. 661 f., Fraenkel Wb. s. ''láibas'', auch W.-Hofmann s. ''lētum''. Anders Wackernagel KZ 30, 295 ( = Kl. Schr. 1, 658) : aus *λιπμός zu [[λίψ]]· [[ἐπιθυμία]], [[λίπτω]] (s. d.); s. auch [[λιρός]]. —Zu [[λειρός]] s. [[λείριον]].<br />'''Page''' 2,124-125