τεῖχος: Difference between revisions

|Definition=εος, τό, <span class="sense"><span class="bld">A</span> [[wall]], esp. [[city wall]], Ἰλιόφι κλυτὰ τείχεα <span class="bibl">Il.21.295</span>, cf. <span class="bibl">446</span>, <span class="bibl">Od.6.9</span>, al.; of the [[embankment]] round the [[ship]]s, τάφρος Δαναῶν καὶ τ. ὕπερθεν <span class="bibl">Il.12.4</span>, cf. <span class="bibl">25</span> sqq.; <b class="b3">τεῖχος ἐς ἀμφίχυτον</b> (of heaped-up earth) <span class="bibl">20.145</span>; <b class="b3">Κιμμέρια τείχη</b> [[earthworks]], <span class="bibl">Hdt.4.12</span>; but τείχη λάϊνα <span class="bibl">E.<span class="title">Tr.</span>1087</span> (lyr.), cf. <span class="bibl">Th.1.93</span>, etc.; λίθοις οὓς ἔλιπον εἰς τὸ τεῖχος ἀναλίσκοντες <span class="title">IG</span>12.81.9; <b class="b3">ξύλινον τεῖχος</b> exceptionally, Orac. ap. <span class="bibl">Hdt.7.141</span>, cf. <span class="bibl">8.51</span>, <span class="bibl">9.65</span>, <span class="bibl">Th.2.75</span>, <span class="bibl">X.<span class="title">HG</span>1.3.4</span>, Orac. ap. <span class="bibl">Ar.<span class="title">Eq.</span>1040</span> (Pi. uses this phrase for a [[funeral pile]], [[P]].3.38); τεῖχος χάλκεον <span class="bibl">Od.10.3</span>; <b class="b3">τεῖχος σιδηροῦν, τείχη χαλκᾶ καὶ ἀδαμάντινα</b>, <span class="bibl">Ar.<span class="title">Eq.</span>1046</span>, <span class="bibl">Aeschin.3.84</span>; <b class="b3">τειχέων κιθῶνες</b> [[coat]]s [[of walls]], i.e. walls one within the other, <span class="bibl">Hdt.7.139</span>; <b class="b3">τεῖχος ἐλαύνειν</b>, v. [[ἐλαύνω]] <span class="bibl">111.2</span>; τ. ἔδειμαν <span class="bibl">Il.7.436</span>; [[οἰκοδομέειν]] <span class="bibl">Hdt. 1.98</span>, cf. <span class="bibl">Ar.<span class="title">Av.</span>1132</span>, etc. (<b class="b3">τείχη οἰκοδομήσασθαι</b> to [[build]] oneself [[walls]], <span class="bibl">Th.7.11</span>); τείχη [[ἄξειν]] <span class="bibl">Id.6.99</span>; τὰ τείχη στῆσαι <span class="bibl">D.20.74</span>; τείχη περιβάλλειν ταῖς πόλεσι <span class="bibl">Arist.<span class="title">Pol.</span>1331a3</span>; <b class="b3">τείχη περιβαλέσθαι</b> [[build]] [[walls]] [[round]] one's [[city]], <span class="bibl">Hdt.1.141</span>, cf. <span class="bibl">Th.1.8</span>, etc. (also τείχη περιβαλέσθαι τὴν πόλιν <span class="bibl">Hdt.1.163</span>:—hence Pass., <b class="b3">τεῖχος περιβεβλημένος</b> having a [[wall]] round it, <span class="bibl">Pl.<span class="title">Tht.</span>174e</span>; <b class="b3">τείχη περιβεβλημένοι</b>, of [[citizen]]s, <span class="bibl">Arist.<span class="title">Pol.</span> 1331a8</span>); but also <b class="b3">νῆσον περιβάλλεσθαι τείχει</b> [[surround]] one's [[island]] with [[walls]], <span class="bibl">Pl.<span class="title">Criti.</span>116a</span>; <b class="b3">τεῖχος ῥήξασθαι</b> breach the [[wall]], <span class="bibl">Il.12.90</span>, cf.<span class="bibl">257</span>; τεῖχος ἀναρρήξας <span class="bibl">7.461</span>; so in Prose, τεῖχος [[διαιρεῖν]], [[περιαιρέειν]], [[κατελεῖν]] κατασκάψαι, etc., <span class="bibl">Th.2.75</span>, <span class="bibl">Hdt.6.46</span>,<span class="bibl">48</span>, <span class="bibl">Th.4.109</span>, etc. </span><span class="sense"><span class="bld">2</span> <b class="b3">τὰ μακρὰ τείχη</b>, at Athens, lines of wall connecting the city-wall (ὁ [[περίβολος]]) and the [[harbour]]s, <span class="bibl">Th.2.13</span>; they were called respectively <b class="b3">τὸ βόρειον</b> or [[Peiraic]], and <b class="b3">τὸ νότιον</b> or Phaleric wall (<span class="bibl">Pl.<span class="title">R.</span>439e</span>, <span class="bibl">Aeschin. 2.173</span>, 174), cf. [[σκέλος]] ΙΙ: an [[intermediate]] [[wall]] (<b class="b3">τὸ διὰ μέσου τεῖχος</b> <span class="bibl">Pl.<span class="title">Grg.</span>455e</span>) ran parallel to the northern, which was therefore called also <b class="b3">τὸ ἔξωθεν</b>, <span class="bibl">Th.2.13</span>: the quarter inside the walls is sometimes called <b class="b3">τὸ μακρὸν τεῖχος</b> [[Long Wall]], <span class="bibl">And.1.45</span>. </span><span class="sense"><span class="bld">II</span> [[fortification]], [[castle]], [[fort]], <span class="bibl">Pi.<span class="title">Fr.</span>213</span>, <span class="bibl">Hdt.3.14</span>,<span class="bibl">91</span>, etc. </span><span class="sense"><span class="bld">III</span> [[walled]], [[fortified town]] or [[city]], <span class="bibl">Id.9.41</span>,<span class="bibl">115</span>, <span class="bibl">X.<span class="title">Cyr.</span>7.5.13</span>, etc. </span><span class="sense"><span class="bld">IV</span> [[wall]] of a [[temple]], <span class="bibl"><span class="title">PEleph.</span>20.52</span> (iii B.C.); of a [[house]], <span class="bibl"><span class="title">PHamb.</span>15.8</span> (iii A.D.), <span class="bibl"><span class="title">PStrassb.</span> 9.8</span> (iv A.D.), etc. (Cf. Skt. dehmi '[[anoint]], [[smear]], [[plaster]]', Goth. digan '[[mould]], [[create]] (= [[πλάσσω]])', daigs '[[dough]]', Lat. [[fingo]], [[figura]], Osc. feihúss 'walls', etc.)</span>