ψευδής: Difference between revisions

|Definition=ές (the neut. sg. [[ψευδές]] is not found in early writers, [[ψεῦδος]] being used instead, cf. <span class="sense"><span class="bld">A</span> [[ψεῦδος]] III; it is found in later Gr., <span class="title">OGI</span>669.54 (Egypt, i A.D.), <span class="bibl">Palaeph.6</span>, al., Gal.18(2).782); gen. sg. ψευδοῦς Id.15.168; old Att. acc. pl. ψευδᾶς <span class="title">IG</span>12.700: ([[ψεύδομαι]]):— [[lying]], [[false]], [[untrue]], of things, opp. [[ἀληθής]], [[ψευδεῖς λόγοι]] <span class="bibl">Hes.<span class="title">Th.</span>229</span>; μῦθοι <span class="bibl">A.<span class="title">Pr.</span>685</span>, <span class="bibl">E.<span class="title">Hipp.</span>1288</span> (anap.); [[τρέπεσθαι]] ἐπὶ ψευδέα [[ὁδός|ὁδόν]] = to [[betake]] oneself to [[falsehood]], <span class="bibl">Hdt.1.117</span>; ψευδὴς [[κατηγορία]], ψευδεῖς [[αἰτία]]ι, [[false]] [[charge]]s, <span class="bibl">Aeschin.2.183</span>, <span class="bibl">Isoc. 15.138</span>, <span class="bibl">Plb.5.41.3</span>; [[ψευδεῖς λόγοι]] <span class="bibl">S.<span class="title">OT</span>526</span>; [[λόγος]] <span class="bibl">Pl.<span class="title">Sph.</span>240e</span>, <span class="bibl"><span class="title">Cra.</span>385b</span>: [[ψευδεῖς λόγοι]] are also [[fallacy|fallacies]], in Logic, <span class="bibl">Arist.<span class="title">Top.</span>162b3</span> sqq.; [[ἥδε]] ἡ ψευδὴς [[οὐσία]] = [[this]] [[unreal]] [[being|Being]] (sc. the [[world]] of [[sense]]), <span class="bibl">Plot.5.8.9</span>: irreg. Sup. [[ψευδίστατος]], εἴδη <span class="bibl">Ael.<span class="title">VH</span>14.37</span>. </span><span class="sense"><span class="bld">2</span> of persons, [[lying]], [[false]], and as [[substantive]], [[liar]], οὐ γὰρ ἐπὶ ψευδέσσι πατὴρ Ζεὺς ἔσσετ' ἀρωγός <span class="bibl">Il.4.235</span> (only here in Hom.; perhaps [[ψεύδεσσι]] from [[ψεῦδος]] is the [[true]] [[accent]]; so Hermappias ap.Hdn.Gr.<span class="bibl">2.45</span> against Aristarch. and Ptol.Asc. ibid.); τοὺς θεοὺς ψευδεῖς τίθης <span class="bibl">S. <span class="title">Ph.</span>992</span>, cf. <span class="bibl"><span class="title">Ant.</span>657</span>; ψ. ἔφυς <span class="bibl">E.<span class="title">Or.</span>1608</span>; ψευδὴς [[φαίνω|φανήσεσθαι]] = to be [[detect]]ed in [[falsehood]], <span class="bibl">Th.4.27</span>, cf. <span class="bibl">Pl.<span class="title">Tht.</span>148b</span>; Κριτίαν ψευδῆ ἐπιδείξω <span class="bibl">Id.<span class="title">Chrm.</span>158d</span>: irreg. Sup. [[ψευδίστατος]] = [[arrant]] [[liar]], EM 110.29, cf. <span class="bibl">Eust.1441.25</span>. </span><span class="sense"><span class="bld">3</span> [[τὰ ψευδῆ]] = [[falsehood]]s, [[lie]]s, οὐ ψευδῆ [[λέγω]] <span class="bibl">A.<span class="title">Ag.</span>625</span>, cf. <span class="bibl">Antipho 1.10</span>, etc.; οὐκ ἔσθ' ὅπως λέξαιμι τὰ ψευδῆ καλά <span class="bibl">A.<span class="title">Ag.</span>620</span>; τινὰς ψ. [[διαβάλλειν]] <span class="bibl">Ar.<span class="title">Eq.</span>64</span>; ψευδῶν [[συγκολλητής]] <span class="bibl">Id.<span class="title">Nu.</span>446</span> (anap.). </span><span class="sense"><span class="bld">4</span> [[ψευδέων ἀγορή]], in <span class="bibl">Hp.<span class="title">Epid.</span>3.1</span>. ή, ιβ, said to be a name of the [[monkey market]], perhaps as being [[villanous]] [[counterfeit]]s of [[humanity]]. </span><span class="sense"><span class="bld">II</span> Pass., [[beguiled]], [[deceived]], <span class="bibl">E.<span class="title">IA</span>852</span>. </span><span class="sense"><span class="bld">III</span> Adv. [[ψευδῶς]] = [[falsely]], λέγειν <span class="bibl">Id.<span class="title">IT</span>1309</span> codd.; προσποιήσασθαι <span class="bibl">Th.1.137</span>; [[mistakenly]], [[ψευδῶς]] [[δοξάζειν]] <span class="bibl">Pl.<span class="title">Phlb.</span> 40d</span>; [[ψευδῶς]] [[γενέσθαι]] τὸν [[φόβος|φόβον]] = [[groundlessly]], <span class="bibl">Plb.5.110.7</span>.</span>