σάλος: Difference between revisions

|Definition=[ᾰ], ὁ, <span class="sense"><span class="bld">A</span> [[tossing motion]], of an earthquake, χθονὸς νῶτα σεισθῆναι σάλῳ <span class="bibl">E.<span class="title">IT</span>46</span>; esp. [[rolling swell]] of the sea, <b class="b3">πόντου σ., πόντιος σ</b>., <span class="bibl">Id.<span class="title">Hec.</span>28</span>, <span class="bibl"><span class="title">IT</span>1443</span>: pl., <b class="b3">πόντιοι σ</b>. <span class="bibl">Id.<span class="title">Or.</span>994</span> (lyr.). </span><span class="sense"><span class="bld">2</span> [[open roadstead]], [[roads]], opp. a harbour, <b class="b3">ἐν σάλῳ στῆναι</b>, = [[σαλεύειν]] <span class="bibl">11.2</span>; ἀλίμενον μὲν σάλους δὲ ἔχον <span class="bibl">Plb.1.53.10</span>; οὔτε λιμὴν οὔτε σ. ἐπ' ἀγκύρας <span class="bibl">D.S.3.44</span>, cf. <span class="bibl">Agatharch.92</span>, <span class="title">Peripl.M.Rubr.</span>7 (pl.), 55. </span><span class="sense"><span class="bld">II</span> of ships or persons in them, [[tossing on the sea]], ἐκ πολλοῦ σ. εὕδοντ' ἐπ' ἀκτῆς <span class="bibl">S. <span class="title">Ph.</span>271</span>; σάλον εἶχεν ἡ θάλασσα <span class="bibl">Plu.<span class="title">Luc.</span>10</span>; <b class="b3">καρηβαρεῖν ὑπὸ σ</b>. <span class="bibl">Luc. <span class="title">Herm.</span>28</span>; ἐν τοσούτῳ σ. ναυτιάσαντα <span class="bibl">Id.<span class="title">Tox.</span>19</span>: metaph. of the ship of the state, τὰ μὲν δὴ πόλεος θεοὶ πολλῷ σ. σείσαντες ὤρθωσαν πάλιν <span class="bibl">S.<span class="title">Ant.</span>163</span>; πόλις . . σαλεύει κἀνακουφίσαι κάρα βυθῶν ἔτ' οὐχ οἵα τε φοινίον σάλου <span class="bibl">Id.<span class="title">OT</span>24</span>; ἐν σάλῳ πόλις γενομένη <span class="bibl">Lys.6.49</span>; <b class="b3">ἔσχε . . ὁ ἀγὼν ὑποτροπὴν καὶ σ</b>. began to [[waver]], <span class="bibl">Plu.<span class="title">Alex.</span>32</span>, cf. <span class="bibl"><span class="title">Aem.</span>18</span>; cf. σαλεύω <span class="bibl">11.1</span>. </span><span class="sense"><span class="bld">2</span> [[distemper]], [[restlessness]], [[perplexity]], <span class="bibl">LXX <span class="title">Si.</span>40.5</span>, Gal.9.816; τῆς ψυχῆς <span class="bibl">Max.Tyr.1.1</span>.</span>

|elnltext=σάλος -ου, ὁ deining (van de zee):; πόντου σάλος de deining van de zee Eur. Hec. 28; schok:; χθονὸς νῶτα σεισθῆναι σάλῳ de aardkorst werd geschokt door een aardbeving Eur. IT 46; overdr.. ἐν πολλῷ σάλῳ καὶ κινδύνῳ in veel onrust en gevaar Lys. 6.49.

|etymtx=Grammatical information: m.<br />Meaning: <b class="b2">turbulent movement of the sea, flushing of the waves</b>, also [[anchorage]], [[roads]] as opposed to a protected harbour (S., E., Lys., hell. a. late), metaph. of an earthquake (E. IT 46), [[turbulent emotion]] (LXX, Gal., Max. Tyr.; cf. [[ἀσαλής]], [[σάλη]] below).<br />Compounds: Some late compp., e.g. <b class="b3">ἐπί-σαλος</b> [[exposed to the σάλος]] (Secund., Peripl. M. Rubr. a.o.); prob. also in the ep. <b class="b3">κονί-σαλος</b> [[cloud of dust]] (s. [[κόνις]]). With transference to the <b class="b3">σ-</b>stems <b class="b3">ἀ-σαλής</b> [[unshaken]], [[unconcerned]] (A. Fr. 319 = 634 M.) with <b class="b3">ἀσάλ-εια</b> f. = [[ἀμεριμνία]], [[ἀλογιστία]] (Sophr. 113), <b class="b3">ἀσαλεῖν ἀφροντιστῆσαι</b> H.; to this, prob. as backformation, [[σάλη]], [[σάλα]] f. = [[φροντίς]] (Et. Gen., H.).<br />Derivatives: Denomin.: 1. [[σαλεύω]], also w. prefix, e.g. <b class="b3">ἀπο-</b>, <b class="b3">ἐπι-</b>, <b class="b3">δια-</b>, prop. of the ship <b class="b2">to roll (on the waves), to throw oneself about, to oscillate</b>, trans. [[to make oscillate]], [[to shock]] (Att. since A., also Hp., hell. a. late) with [[σάλευσις]] (<b class="b3">δια-</b>) f. [[oscillation]] (Arist. a.o.), [[σάλευμα]] n. <b class="b2">id.</b> (D. Chr.). 2. [[σαλόομαι]] [[to go with a rocking motion]] (EM as explanation of [[σαλάκων]]). -- With velar suffix: 1. [[σάλαξ]], <b class="b3">-ακος</b> m. [[large sieve of mineworkers]] (Arist. or Thphr. ap. Poll.), also as Att. name of a potter ([[Σάλαχς]]; Krahe IF 57, 113), <b class="b3">-αγξ μεταλλικὸν σκεῦος</b> H.; [[σαλάκων]], <b class="b3">-ωνος</b> m. [[boaster]], [[swaggerer]], [[dandy]] (Arist.; of the varying Ganges) with <b class="b3">σαλακων-ία</b> (<b class="b3">-εία</b>) f. (Arist., Alciphr.), <b class="b3">-ίζω</b> (<b class="b3">δια-</b> Ar.), <b class="b3">-ίζομαι</b>, <b class="b3">-εύομαι</b> (H., Phot., Suid.); [[σαλάσσω]] (<b class="b3">ἐκ-</b>) [[to shake]] (Nic., AP), prob. directly from [[σάλος]] after [[τινάσσω]], [[ταράσσω]] a.o. 2. [[σαλαγέω]] = [[σαλάσσω]], [[σαλεύω]] (Opp., Orac. ap. Luc.), <b class="b3">σαλαγή βοή</b> H.; cf. <b class="b3">πατα-γέω</b>, <b class="b3">-σσω</b>.<br />Origin: PG [a word of Pre-Greek origin]<br />Etymology: Orig. technical word of sailors language; without convincing etymology. A very doubtful hypothesis (Lat. [[tullius]] etc.) s. [[τύλη]], [[τύλος]]. -- Furnée 256 connects [[θάλασσα]]/*[[σάλασσα]] (s.v.) and [[ζάλη]], [[ζάλος]] [[tornado]], [[whirlpool]] and concludes that the word is Pre-Greek. This is confirmed/shown by the suffixes <b class="b3">-αγ-</b>, <b class="b3">-ακ-</b>, <b class="b3">-αγκ-</b>; cf. [[σηλαγγεύς]] (s.v.). -- Lat. LW [loanword] [[salus]], [[salum]] ?

|ftr='''σάλος''': {sálos}<br />'''Grammar''': m.<br />'''Meaning''': [[unruhige Bewegung des Meeres]], [[Wogenschwall]], auch [[Ankerplatz]], [[Reede]] im Gegensatz zum geschützten Hafen (S., E., Lys., hell. u. sp.), übertr. vom Erdbeben (E. ''IT'' 46), [[unruhige Gemütsbewegung]] (LXX, Gal., Max.Tyr.; vgl. [[ἀσαλής]], [[σάλη]] unten).<br />'''Composita''' : Einige sp. Kompp., z.B. [[ἐπίσαλος]] [[dem [[σάλος]] ausgesetzt]] (Secund., ''Peripl''. ''M''. ''Rubr''. u.a.); wohl auch das ep. [[κονίσαλος]] [[Staubwolke]] (s. [[κόνις]]). Mit Umbiegung in die σ-Stämme [[ἀσαλής]] [[unerschüttert]], [[unbekümmert]] (A. ''Fr''. 319 = 634 M.) mit [[ἀσάλεια]] f. = [[ἀμεριμνία]], [[ἀλογιστία]] (Sophr. 113), ἀσαλεῖν· ἀφροντιστῆσαι H.; dazu, wohl als Rückbildung, [[σάλη]], [[σάλα]] f. = [[φροντίς]] (''Et''. ''Gen''., H.).<br />'''Derivative''': Denominativa : 1. [[σαλεύω]], auch m. Präfix, z.B. ἀπο-, ἐπι-, δια-, eig. vom Schiff ‘(auf den Wogen) rollen, sich hin und her werfen, schwanken’, trans. [[ins Schwanken bringen]], [[erschüttern]] (att. seit A., auch Hp., hell. u. sp.) mit [[σάλευσις]] (δια-) f. [[Schwankung]] (Arist. u.a.), [[σάλευμα]] n. ib. (D. Chr.). 2. [[σαλόομαι]] [[mit schwankender Haltung gehen]] (''EM'' als Erklärung von [[σαλάκων]]). — Mit Gutturalsuffix : 1. [[σάλαξ]], -ακος m. [[grobes Sieb der Bergarbeiter]] (Arist. od. Thphr. ap. Poll.), auch als att. Töpfername (Σάλαχς; Krahe IF 57, 113), -αγξ· μεταλλικὸν [[σκεῦος]] H.; [[σαλάκων]], -ωνος m. [[Aufschneider]], [[Prahler]], [[Stutzer]] (Arist.; wegen des schwankenden Ganges) mit [[σαλακωνία]] (-εία) f. (Arist., Alkiphr.), -ίζω (δια- Ar.), -ίζομαι, -εύομαι (H., Phot., Suid.); [[σαλάσσω]] (ἐκ-) [[schütteln]] (Nik., ''AP''), wohl direkt von [[σάλος]] nach [[τινάσσω]], [[ταράσσω]] u.a. 2. [[σαλαγέω]] = [[σαλάσσω]], [[σαλεύω]] (Opp., Orac. ap. Luk.), σαλαγή· [[βοή]] H.; vgl. [[παταγέω]], -σσω.<br />'''Etymology''' : Urspr. Fachwort der Seemannsprache; ohne überzeugende Etymologie. Eine ganz fragliche Hypothese (lat. ''tullius'' usw.) s. [[τύλη]], [[τύλος]]. Nach Carnoy Ant. class. 24, 22 (mit Curtius 372) zu nhd. ''schwellen'' usw. (pelasgisch). — Lat. LW ''salus'', ''salum'' ?<br />'''Page''' 2,673-674