κνώδαλον: Difference between revisions

|Definition=τό, any <span class="sense"><span class="bld">A</span> [[wild creature]], <span class="bibl">Od.17.317</span>; κνώδαλ' ὅσ' ἤπειρος πολλὰ τρέφει ἠδὲ θάλασσα <span class="bibl">Hes.<span class="title">Th.</span>582</span>; but also, of an ox or ass, <span class="bibl"><span class="title">h.Merc.</span>188</span>; of beasts generally, κνωδάλων τε καὶ βροτῶν <span class="bibl">A.<span class="title">Ch.</span>601</span> (lyr.); <b class="b3">κ. πτεροῦντα καὶ πεδοστιβῆ</b>, of birds and beasts, <span class="bibl">Id.<span class="title">Supp.</span>1000</span>; <b class="b3">κ. βροτοφθόρων</b> ib.<span class="bibl">264</span>; of sea-monsters, κνώδαλ' ἐν βένθεσι πορφυρέας ἁλός <span class="bibl">Alcm.60.5</span>, cf. <span class="bibl">A. <span class="title">Ch.</span>587</span> (lyr.); ἔζευξα πρῶτος ἐν ζυγοῖσι κνώδαλα <span class="bibl">Id.<span class="title">Pr.</span>462</span>; <b class="b3">ἀνημέρωσα κνωδάλων ὁδόν</b> (sc. Theseus) <span class="bibl">S.<span class="title">Fr.</span>905</span>, cf. <span class="bibl"><span class="title">Tr.</span>716</span>; of boars, lions, <span class="bibl">E. <span class="title">Supp.</span>146</span>; asses, <span class="bibl">Pi.<span class="title">P.</span>10.36</span>; serpents, <span class="bibl">Id.<span class="title">N.</span>1.50</span>, <span class="bibl">Nic.<span class="title">Th.</span>98</span>, <span class="bibl">Pl. <span class="title">Ax.</span>365c</span>; κώνωπες νυκτὸς κ. διπτέρυγα <span class="title">AP</span>5.150 (Mel.); of persons, as a term of reproach, ὦ παντομισῆ κ. <span class="bibl">A.<span class="title">Eu.</span>644</span>: Com., [[brutes]], [[beasts]], τρία κ. ἀναιδῆ <span class="bibl">Cratin.233</span>, cf. <span class="bibl">Ar.<span class="title">Lys.</span>477</span>; also <b class="b3">ἁβρὰ Μουσᾶν κ</b>. dainty [[prey]] of the Muses, <span class="bibl">Cerc.7.9</span>.</span>

|elnltext=κνώδαλον -ου, τό, wild dier, beest, monster: overdr. van personen:. οἶσθά γ ’ οἷον κνώδαλον φυλάττομεν; weet jij wel wat voor monster wij bewaken? Aristoph. Ve. 4; τί ποτε χρησόμεθα τοῖσδε τοῖς κνωδάλοις; wat moeten we met deze monsterlijke wezens aan? Aristoph. Lys. 477.

|etymtx=Grammatical information: n.<br />Meaning: [[wild or harmful animal]] (ρ 317).<br />Derivatives: [[κνωδαλώδης]] (Tz.). - [[κνώδαξ]], <b class="b3">-ακος</b> m. [[pin]], [[pivot]], also [[sockets for an axe]] (Hero, Ph. Bel.) with [[κνωδάκιον]] and [[κνωδακίζω]] [[hang on pivots]] (Hero). - [[κνώδων]], <b class="b3">-οντος</b> m., in plur. [[tooths of a sword or a javelin]], in sing. [[sword]] (S., X.).<br />Origin: PG [a word of Pre-Greek origin]<br />Etymology: To [[κνώδαλον]] : [[κνώδων]] remember pairs like [[ἀγκάλη]] : [[ἀγκών]], [[ὀμφαλός]] : Lat. [[umbō]] (Schwyzer 483, Chantraine Formation 246); <b class="b3">κνωδον-τ-</b> could be secondary for <b class="b3">*κνωδον-</b> (Schwyzer 526). In any case [[κνώδαλον]] and [[κνώδων]] as well as [[κνώδαξ]] (on <b class="b3">-αξ</b> Schwyzer 497, Chantraine 381; also Björck Alpha impurum 69: from Doric engineering?) go back on a verbal noun <b class="b3">*κνωδ(ο-</b>) prob [[tooth]], prop. <b class="b2">"biter, gnawer"</b>, which may belong to <b class="b3">κνῆ-ν</b> etc. (s. -[[κναίω]]). Here also <b class="b3">κάναδοι σιαγόνες</b>, [[γνάθοι]] H.; <b class="b3">κναδ-άλ-λεται κνήθεται</b> H.; not to Lith. <b class="b2">kándu</b> <b class="b2">bite,</b> s. on [[γνάθος]]. These words are no doubt Pre-Greek; we noted that <b class="b3">κναδ-</b> cannot have an IE preform (s. on <b class="b3">-κναίω</b>; <b class="b3">καναδ-</b> has a strange un-IE ablaut. I am not sure that [[κνώδαξ]] belongs with the other words. S. also [[κνώψ]].<br />See also: S. auch [[κνώψ]].

|ftr='''κνώδαλον''': {knṓdalon}<br />'''Grammar''': n.<br />'''Meaning''': [[wildes oder schädliches Tier]] (poet. seit ρ 317)<br />'''Derivative''': mit [[κνωδαλώδης]] (Tz.). — [[κνώδαξ]], -ακος m. [[Zapfen]], [[Achse]], auch [[Höhlung für die Achse]] (Hero, Ph. ''Bel''. u. a.) mit [[κνωδάκιον]] und [[κνωδακίζω]] [[an Zapfen aufhängen]] (Hero). — [[κνώδων]], -οντος m., im Plur. [[Zähne am Schwert oder am Jagdspieß]], [[Schwerthaken]], im Sing. [[Schwert]] (S., X. usw.).<br />'''Etymology''' : An [[κνώδαλον]] : [[κνώδων]] erinnern Wortpaare wie [[ἀγκάλη]] : [[ἀγκών]], [[ὀμφαλός]] : lat. ''umbō'' (Schwyzer 483, Chantraine Formation 246); dabei wäre κνωδοντ- sekundär für *κνωδον- (Schwyzer 526). Auf jeden Fall gehen [[κνώδαλον]] und [[κνώδων]] ebenso wie [[κνώδαξ]] (zum Suffix -αξ Schwyzer 497, Chantraine 381; dazu Björck Alpha impurum 69: aus dorischsprachiger Ingenieurkunst?) auf ein Verbalnomen *κνωδ(ο-) etwa [[Zahn]], eig. "Beißer, Nager", zurück, das letzten Endes zu [[κνῆν]] u. Verw. gehört (s. [[-[[κναίω]]), aber mit altem Ablaut auch in [[κάναδοι]]· σιαγόνες, γνάθοι H., in κναδάλλεται· κνήθεται H. und in lit. ''kándu'' [[beißen]], [[stecken]] wiederzufinden ist; zu lit. ''kándu'' (idg. ''qonəd''-) : κναδάλλεται vgl. bes. lit. ''žándas'' [[Kinnbacken]] : [[γνάθος]] ib. (vgl. s. v.). S. auch [[κνώψ]].<br />'''Page''' 1,887-888