τιμωρέω: Difference between revisions

|Definition=fut. <span class="sense"><span class="bld">A</span> -ήσω <span class="bibl">Hdt.4.119</span>, <span class="bibl">Antipho 5.87</span>, etc.:—Med., fut. -ήσομαι <span class="bibl">E.<span class="title">Alc.</span>733</span>, <span class="bibl">Th.3.58</span>: aor. ἐτιμωρησάμην <span class="bibl">Pl.<span class="title">R.</span>378a</span>:—Pass., pf. τετῑμώρημαι <span class="bibl">Th.7.77</span>, <span class="bibl">Lys.25.15</span>: used in med. sense, <span class="bibl">Antipho 3.2.8</span>, <span class="bibl">Lys.7.20</span>, <span class="bibl">X.<span class="title">Cyr.</span>7.5.32</span>, and prob. <span class="bibl">Th.3.67</span>: aor. ἐτιμωρήθην <span class="bibl"><span class="title">PMich.Zen.</span>57.9</span> (iii B.C.):—to [[be an avenger]], [[exact]] or [[seek to exact vengeance for]], [[avenge]], τινι <span class="bibl">Democr.261</span>, <span class="bibl">Hdt.1.103</span>, <span class="bibl">8.144</span>, <span class="bibl">E.<span class="title">Hec.</span>749</span>, <span class="bibl">Pl.<span class="title">Smp.</span>180a</span>, etc.: abs., <span class="bibl">Hdt.1.4</span>: c. dat. et gen., <b class="b3">τιμωρήσειν σοι τοῦ παιδός . . ὑπισχνοῦμαι</b> dub.l. in <span class="bibl">X.<span class="title">Cyr.</span>4.6.8</span>: c. acc. rei, <b class="b3">τ. τῷ ἑταίρῳ τὸν φόνον</b> [[avenge]] his slaughter, <span class="bibl">Pl.<span class="title">Ap.</span>28c</span>, cf. <span class="bibl">E.<span class="title">Ph.</span>935</span>: also <b class="b3">τ. ὑπέρ τινος</b> (for τινι) [[take vengeance for]] him, <span class="bibl">Pl.<span class="title">Lg.</span>907e</span>, cf. <span class="bibl">Lys.13.1</span>; <b class="b3">ὑπὲρ τοῦ δήμου</b> ib.51: c. dat. rei, τῷ θανάτῳ τοῦ πατρός <span class="bibl">D.H. 4.77</span>: abs., <span class="bibl">Pl.<span class="title">Lg.</span>729e</span>:—Med., [[avenge]] or <b class="b2">seek to avenge one's own</b> relative or friend, πατρὶ πάντα τιμωρουμένης <span class="bibl">S.<span class="title">El.</span>349</span>, cf. <span class="bibl">399</span>, <span class="bibl">E.<span class="title">Or.</span>1117</span>:—impers. in Pass., <b class="b3">Λεωνίδῃ τετιμώρηται</b> [[vengeance has been taken]] for him, he [[has been avenged]], <span class="bibl">Hdt.9.79</span> (but <b class="b3">τετιμωρήσεαι ἐς . . Λεωνίδην</b> must be taken in signf. <span class="bibl">1.3b</span>, [[thou wilt have taken vengeance]] in respect to L., ib.<span class="bibl">78</span>). </span><span class="sense"><span class="bld">2</span> <b class="b3">τιμωρεῖν τινα</b> [[take vengeance on]] him, <span class="bibl">S.<span class="title">OT</span>140</span>; <b class="b3">τοὺς αὐτοέντας</b> ib.<span class="bibl">107</span>; κελεύειν τιμωρεῖν ὑπὲρ αὑτοῦ [τὸν Ἀγόρατον] ὡς φονέα ὄντα <span class="bibl">Lys.13.42</span>, cf. 92; <b class="b3">Παλαμήδους σε τιμωρεῖ φόνου</b> ([[varia lectio|v.l.]] [[φόνον]]) [[is taking vengeance on]] you [[for]] the murder of P., <span class="bibl">E.<span class="title">Or.</span>433</span>:—Pass., to [[be visited with vengeance]], [[punished]], <span class="bibl">Pl.<span class="title">Grg.</span>525b</span>, <span class="bibl">525d</span>, etc.; τετιμωρημένος <span class="bibl">Lys.25.15</span>; <b class="b3">ὧν ἡμάρτομεν τετιμωρήμεθα</b> we [[have been punished]], PCair.Zen. 495.2 (iii B.C.); <b class="b3">ἱκανῶς τετιμώρημαι</b> ib.639.15 (iii B.C.); <b class="b3">εἰς τὸ -ηθῆναι αὐτούς</b> <span class="title">PMich.Zen.</span> [[l.c.]]:—this sense is more freq. in </span><span class="sense"><span class="bld">3</span> Med., [[avenge oneself upon]], [[exact vengeance from]], τινα <span class="bibl">Hdt.3.53</span>, <span class="bibl">6.138</span>, <span class="bibl">S.<span class="title">Ph.</span>1258</span>, <span class="bibl">E.<span class="title">Hec.</span>756</span>, <span class="bibl">882</span>, <span class="bibl">Antipho 2.3.11</span>, <span class="bibl">Th.1.121</span>, etc.; ὡς . . οὐχ ὅπως τιμωρήσαιντο, ἀλλὰ καὶ ἐπαινέσειαν τὸν Σφοδρίαν <span class="bibl">X.<span class="title">HG</span> 5.4.34</span>; <b class="b3">Ἑαυτὸν τιμωρούμενος</b> [[Self-punisher]], name of a play by Menander, cf. <span class="bibl">X.<span class="title">Cyr.</span>3.1.15</span>; ἀπαγαγών με εἰς τὸ δεσμωτήριον τετιμώρηταί με εἰσπράσσων δραχμὰς <span class="bibl"><span class="title">PCair.Zen.</span>492.7</span> (iii B.C.): c. gen. rei, <b class="b3">τιμωρεῖσθαί τινά τινος</b> [[take vengeance on]] one [[for]] a thing, <span class="bibl">Hdt.3.145</span>, <span class="bibl">E.<span class="title">IT</span>558</span>, <span class="bibl">Lys.6.31</span>, <span class="bibl">Pl.<span class="title">Smp.</span>213d</span>, etc.: also τ. τινὰ ἀντί τινων <span class="bibl">Hdt.6.135</span>; [[περὶ]] (fort. [[ὑπὲρ]]) τῶν πεπραγμένων <span class="bibl">Lys.14.2</span>: less freq. c. acc. rei, <b class="b3">εἰ μή σ' ἀδελφῆς αἷμα τιμωρήσεται</b> [[will visit]] his sister's blood [[on]] thee, <span class="bibl">E.<span class="title">Alc.</span>733</span>, cf. <span class="bibl"><span class="title">Cyc.</span>695</span>. </span><span class="sense"><span class="bld">b</span> abs., [[avenge oneself]], [[seek vengeance]], <span class="bibl">Hdt.3.49</span>, <span class="bibl">7.8</span>.β, <span class="bibl">Lys.13.84</span>, <span class="bibl">X.<span class="title">Cyr.</span>5.5.19</span>, etc.; <b class="b3">ταῖς ἐσχάταις τιμωρίαις τ</b>. [[visit]] with the extreme penalties, <span class="bibl">Pl.<span class="title">R.</span>579a</span>; <b class="b3">τὸ τιμωρησόμενον</b> [[the power to exact vengeance]], <span class="bibl">D.26.4</span>: the crime is sometimes added in a relat. clause, τ. εἴ τι . . ἠδίκησαν <span class="bibl">X.<span class="title">An.</span>5.4.6</span>; τ. ὅτι . . <span class="bibl">Id.<span class="title">Cyr.</span>5.3.30</span>: also <b class="b3">τιμωρεῖσθαι ὑπὲρ τῆς Ἑλλάδος</b> [[exact vengeance]] for Greece, <span class="bibl">Id.<span class="title">An.</span>1.3.4</span>. </span><span class="sense"><span class="bld">II</span> especially in pres. and impf., [[succour]] one who has been attacked or has suffered injury, [[help]] him [[to retaliate]], τινι <span class="bibl">Hdt.1.141</span>, <span class="bibl">152</span>, <span class="bibl">2.63</span>, <span class="bibl">3.32</span>, <span class="bibl">65</span>, <span class="bibl">S.<span class="title">OT</span>136</span>, <span class="bibl">E.<span class="title">Or.</span>718</span>, <span class="bibl">Th.1.86</span>, <span class="bibl">127</span>, al.; εἰ τύπτοιτό τις αὐτῶν ὑπ' ἐκείνων τινός, ἐβοήθεόν τε πάντες καὶ ἐτιμώρεον ἀλλήλοισι <span class="bibl">Hdt.6.138</span>, cf. <span class="bibl">Ael.<span class="title">NA</span>1.4</span>: abs., [[lend aid]], [[give succour]], <span class="bibl">Hdt.1.18</span>. </span><span class="sense"><span class="bld">2</span> of medical aid, <b class="b3">τ. τῷ παθήματι</b> [[relieve]] it, <span class="bibl">Hp.<span class="title">Art.</span>11</span>; cf. τιμωρία <span class="bibl">11.2</span>, and Gal.15.494.</span>