φοῖνιξ: Difference between revisions

|Definition=ῑκος, ὁ, ἡ, <span class="sense"><span class="bld">A</span> [[Phoenician]], Φοῖνιξ ἀνὴρ ἀπατήλια εἰδώς <span class="bibl">Od.14.288</span>, cf. <span class="bibl">13.272</span>, <span class="bibl">15.415</span>; ὡς Φ. ἀνήρ, Σιδώνιος κάπηλος <span class="bibl">S.<span class="title">Fr.</span>909</span>. </span><span class="sense"><span class="bld">2</span> fem., γυνή Φοίνισσα <span class="bibl">Od.15.417</span>; [[Φοίνισσαι]], name of plays by Euripides, Phrynichus, etc.; also Φ. ἐμπολά <span class="bibl">Pi.<span class="title">P.</span>2.67</span>; [[χθών]], [[νᾶσος]], etc., <span class="bibl">E.<span class="title">Ph.</span>6</span>,<span class="bibl">204</span> (lyr.), etc.; <b class="b3">Φ. βοά</b> ib.<span class="bibl">301</span> (lyr.); κώπη <span class="bibl">Id.<span class="title">Hel.</span>1272</span>; Φ. ἄμπεχος <span class="bibl"><span class="title">PCair.Zen.</span>33.14</span> (iii B. C.). </span><span class="sense"><span class="bld">II</span> [[Carthaginian]], ἀλαλατός <span class="bibl">Pi.<span class="title">P.</span>1.72</span>; also fem., Φοίνισσαι νῆες <span class="bibl">Th.1.116</span>, <span class="bibl">D.S.13.80</span>. </span><span class="sense"><span class="bld">B</span> φοῖνιξ, ῑκος, ὁ, [[purple]] or [[crimson]], because the discovery and earliest use of this colour was ascribed to the Phoenicians, <span class="bibl">Il. 4.141</span>, <span class="bibl">6.219</span>, <span class="bibl">Od.23.201</span>, etc.:—hence, </span><span class="sense"><span class="bld">2</span> as adjective (fem. φοίνισσα Pi. (v. infr.); [[φοῖνιξ]] as fem., <span class="bibl">E.<span class="title">Tr.</span>815</span>), [[blood-bay]], of a horse, <span class="bibl">Il. 23.454</span>; of [[red]] cattle, φοίνισσα ἀγέλα <span class="bibl">Pi.<span class="title">P.</span>4.205</span>, cf. <span class="bibl">Theoc.25.128</span>: of the colour of fire, φοίνισσα φλόξ <span class="bibl">Pi.<span class="title">P.</span>1.24</span>; <b class="b3">πυρὸς φ. πνοά</b> E.l.c.; also φ. ἱμάντες <span class="bibl">Simon.17</span>; πέπλοι <span class="bibl">E.<span class="title">Hel.</span>181</span> (lyr.), etc. </span><span class="sense"><span class="bld">II</span> [[date-palm]], [[Phoenix dactylifera]], <span class="bibl">Od.6.163</span>, <span class="bibl"><span class="title">h.Ap.</span>117</span>, <span class="bibl">Pi.<span class="title">Fr.</span>75</span> <span class="bibl">14</span> (dub.), <span class="bibl">E. <span class="title">Hec.</span>458</span> (lyr.), <span class="bibl">D.S.2.53</span>; τόξα ἐκ φοίνικος σπάθης πεποιημένα <span class="bibl">Hdt.7.69</span>, etc.: the male and female distinguished by Hdt. as [<b class="b3">ὁ φ.] ἔρσην</b> and [<b class="b3">ἡ φ.] βαλανηφόρος</b>, <span class="bibl">1.193</span> (but the latter is masc., ibid. and in <span class="bibl">4.172</span>, <span class="bibl">182</span>); φοινίκων . . τῶν καρπίμων οἱ μὲν ἄρρενες αἱ δὲ θήλειαι <span class="bibl">Thphr.<span class="title">HP</span>2.6.6</span>, but <b class="b3">αἱ ἀπὸ τῶν ἀρρένων πρὸς τοὺς θήλεις [βοήθειαι</b>] ib.<span class="bibl">2.8.4</span>. </span><span class="sense"><span class="bld">2</span> [[palm-frond]], as a [[badge of victory]], Arist <span class="title">MM</span>1196a36, Plu.2.723b, etc.; τὸν φ. τινὶ ἀποδοῦναι <span class="bibl">Chrysipp.Stoic.3.175</span>. </span><span class="sense"><span class="bld">3</span> [[date]], <span class="bibl">Hellanic.56J.</span>, <span class="bibl">Epich. 18</span>, <span class="bibl">Antiph.65</span>, <span class="bibl">Ephipp.24</span>; more correctly, τοῦφοίνικος ὁ καρπός <span class="bibl">Hdt.1.193</span>; καρπὸς φοίνικος <span class="bibl">Hermipp.63.22</span> (hex.); cf. [[φοινικοβάλανος]]. </span><span class="sense"><span class="bld">III</span> ὁ χαμαιρριφής [[dwarf-palm]], [[Chamaerops humilis]], <span class="bibl">Thphr.<span class="title">HP</span>2.6.11</span>. </span><span class="sense"><span class="bld">2</span> a Bactrian tree, [[Mazri palm]], [[Nannorhops ritchieana]], ib.<span class="bibl">4.4.8</span>. </span><span class="sense"><span class="bld">3</span> a sea-plant, [[Callophyllis laciniata]], ib.<span class="bibl">4.6.2</span>, <span class="bibl">10</span>. </span><span class="sense"><span class="bld">4</span> [[rye-grass]], [[Lolium perenne]], Dsc.4.43. </span><span class="sense"><span class="bld">IV</span> a musical instrument, like a [[guitar]], invented by the Phoenicians, <span class="bibl">Hdt.4.192</span>, <span class="bibl">Ephor.4</span> J., <span class="bibl">Phillis 2</span> (pl.), <span class="bibl">Scamon 3</span>; but so called because made from the Delian palm, acc. to <span class="bibl">Semus 1</span>. </span><span class="sense"><span class="bld">V</span> the fabulous bird [[phoenix]], <span class="bibl">Hes.<span class="title">Fr.</span>171.4</span>, <span class="bibl">Antiph.175</span>; from Arabia acc. to <span class="bibl">Hdt.2.73</span>; but from India, <span class="bibl">Philostr. <span class="title">VA</span>3.49</span>: [[proverb|prov.]], φοίνικος ἔτη βιοῦν <span class="bibl">Luc.<span class="title">Herm.</span>53</span>. </span><span class="sense"><span class="bld">VI</span> an [[ornament]], <span class="bibl">LXX <span class="title">Ez.</span>41.25</span>. </span><span class="sense"><span class="bld">VII</span> <b class="b2">perfume prepared from the fronds of the date-palm</b>, <span class="bibl">Thphr.<span class="title">Od.</span>28</span>. </span><span class="sense"><span class="bld">VIII</span> a [[fish]], <span class="bibl">Ael.<span class="title">NA</span>12.24</span>. </span><span class="sense"><span class="bld">IX</span> a [[bandage]], Heliod. ap. <span class="bibl">Orib.49.11.2</span>. </span><span class="sense"><span class="bld">X</span> = [[εὐρύνοτος]], Agathem.2.7. </span><span class="sense"><span class="bld">XI</span> <b class="b3">φ. ἐν ὁπλῇ</b>, a disease of the hoof, <span class="title">Hippiatr.</span>10. </span><span class="sense"><span class="bld">XII</span> an eye-salve, <span class="bibl">Aët.7.116</span>. [In all senses of the word ῑ in gen., but nom. [[φοῖνιξ]], not [[φοίνιξ]], Hdn.Gr. ap. Choerob. <span class="title">in Thd.</span>1.292.]</span>