ἀριθμός: Difference between revisions

|Definition=[ᾰ], <span class="sense"><span class="bld">A</span> (ἁρ- <span class="title">IG</span>1.164), ὁ, [[number]], first in Od., λέκτο δ' ἀριθμόν <span class="bibl">4.451</span>; ἀριθμῷ παῦρα <span class="bibl">Semon.3</span>; ἓν ἀριθμῷ <span class="bibl">Hdt.3.6</span>; ἀριθμὸν ἕξ <span class="bibl">Id.1.14</span>, cf. <span class="bibl">50</span>; ἐς τὸν ἀ. τρισχίλια <span class="bibl">Id.7.97</span>; <b class="b3">πλῆθος ἐς ἀριθμόν</b> the [[amount]] in [[point]] of [[number]], ib.<span class="bibl">60</span>; τὸν ἀ. δώδεκα <span class="bibl">Euphro11.11</span>; δύο τινὲς ἢ τρεῖς . . εἰς τὸν ἀ. <span class="bibl">Men.165</span>; ἔλαττον μήτε ὄγκῳ μήτε ἀριθμῷ <span class="bibl">Pl.<span class="title">Tht.</span>155a</span>; οὔτ' ἀριθμοῖς οὔτε μεγέθεσιν ἐλάττους <span class="bibl">Id.<span class="title">Lg.</span>861e</span>; σταθμῷ καὶ ἀ. <span class="bibl">X. <span class="title">Smp.</span>4.45</span>; δι' ἀ. καὶ μέτρου <span class="bibl">Plu.<span class="title">Per.</span>16</span>, cf. <span class="bibl">E.<span class="title">Tr.</span>620</span>: [[proverb|prov.]], [[λέγειν ποντιᾶν ψάφων ἀριθμόν]] = '[[count the pebbles on the shore]]', <span class="bibl">Pi.<span class="title">O.</span>13.46</span>, cf. <span class="bibl">2.98</span>; <b class="b3">οὐ γιγνώσκων ψήφων ἀριθμούς</b>, of a [[blockhead]], <span class="bibl">Ephipp. 19</span>; οὔτ' ἀριθμὸν οὔτ' ἔλεγχον . . ἔχων <span class="bibl">Dionys.Com.3.13</span>. </span><span class="sense"><span class="bld">2</span> [[amount]], [[sum]], πολὺς ἀ. χρόνου <span class="bibl">Aeschin.1.78</span>; ἀ. τῆς ὁδοῦ <span class="bibl">X.<span class="title">An.</span>2.2.6</span>; <b class="b3">ἀ. [χρυσίου]</b> a [[sum]] of [[money]], <span class="bibl">Id.<span class="title">Cyr.</span>8.2.16</span>. </span><span class="sense"><span class="bld">3</span> [[ἀριθμῷ]], abs., [[in certain numbers]], <span class="bibl">Hdt.6.58</span>; but δένδρα ἀριθμῷ ὑμέτερα [[by tale]], <span class="bibl">Th.2.72</span>; ἀ. διδόναι <span class="bibl">Dionys.Com.3.6</span>. </span><span class="sense"><span class="bld">4</span> [[item]] or [[term]] in a series, ὁ δεύτερος ἀριθμός <span class="bibl">E.<span class="title">Ion</span>1014</span>; τρίτον ὠδίνων ἀ. <span class="title">Epigr.Gr.</span>574; ναῦς πολλοὺς ἀ. ἄγνυται ναυαγίων <span class="bibl">E.<span class="title">Hel.</span>410</span>, cf. <span class="bibl">Arist.<span class="title">Po.</span>1461b24</span>; <b class="b3">τοὺς ἀ. τοῦ σώματος</b> [[point]]s of the [[body]], <span class="bibl">Pl.<span class="title">Lg.</span>668d</span>; τοὺς ἀ. ἑκάστου τῶν νοσημάτων <span class="bibl">Hp.<span class="title">Acut.</span> 3</span>; τὸ καλὸν ἐκ πολλῶν ἀ. ἐπιτελεῖσθαι Plu.2.45c: hence as a mark of [[completeness]], πάντας τοὺς ἀ. περιλαβών <span class="bibl">Isoc.11.16</span>; <b class="b3">τοῦ καθήκοντος τοὺς ἀριθμούς</b> the [[sum total]] of duty, <span class="bibl">M.Ant.3.1</span>. </span><span class="sense"><span class="bld">5</span> [[number]], [[account]], as a mark of station, worth, rank, <b class="b3">μετ' ἀνδρῶν ἵζει ἀριθμῷ</b> takes his place [[among]] men, <span class="bibl">Od.11.449</span>; εἰς ἀνδρῶν μὲν οὐ τελοῦσιν ἀ. <span class="bibl">E.<span class="title">Fr.</span>492</span>; εἰς ἀ. τῶν κακῶν πεφύκαμεν <span class="bibl">Id.<span class="title">Hec.</span>1186</span>; <b class="b3">ξενίας ἀριθμῷ πρῶτ' ἔχειν ἐμῶν φίλων</b> [[in regard of]] [[friendship]], ib.<span class="bibl">794</span>; <b class="b3">δειλοὶ γὰρ ἄνδρες οὐκ ἔχουσιν ἐν μάχῃ ἀριθμόν</b> have no [[account]] made of them, <span class="bibl">Id.<span class="title">Fr.</span>519</span>; <b class="b3">οὐδ' εἰς ἀ. ἥκει λόγων</b> she comes not into my [[account]], <span class="bibl">Id.<span class="title">El.</span>1054</span>; ἀ. οὐδεὶς οὐδὲ λόγος ἐστί τινος Plu.2.682f, cf. <span class="bibl">Call.<span class="title">Epigr.</span>27.6</span>, Orac. ap. Sch.<span class="bibl">Theoc.14.48</span>. </span><span class="sense"><span class="bld">6</span> [[mere number]], [[quantity]], opp. [[quality]], <b class="b3">ταῦτ' οὐκ ἀ. ἐστιν, ὦ πάτερ, λόγων</b> a [[mere]] [[set]] of [[word]]s, <span class="bibl">S.<span class="title">OC</span>382</span>; of men, <b class="b3">οὐκ ἀ. ἄλλως</b> not a [[mere]] [[lot]], <span class="bibl">E.<span class="title">Tr.</span>476</span>; ἀριθμός, πρόβατ' ἄλλως <span class="bibl">Ar. <span class="title">Nu.</span>1203</span>; sometimes even of a single man, <b class="b3">οὐκ ἀριθμὸν ἀλλ' ἐτητύμως ἄνδρ' ὄντα</b> not a [[mere]] [[unit]], <span class="bibl">E.<span class="title">Heracl.</span>997</span>; also <b class="b3">ἀριθμὸν πληροῦν</b> to be [[a mere cipher]], Chor.<span class="title">Milt.</span>66. </span><span class="sense"><span class="bld">II</span> [[numbering]], [[counting]], <b class="b3">μάσσων ἀριθμοῦ</b> past [[counting]], <span class="bibl">Pi.<span class="title">N.</span>2.23</span>; especially in phrases, <b class="b3">ἀ. ποιεῖσθαι τῶν νεῶν</b> to [[hold]] a [[muster]] of... <span class="bibl">Hdt.8.7</span>; ποιεῖν <span class="bibl">X.<span class="title">An.</span>7.1.7</span>, etc.; <b class="b3">παρεῖναι εἰς τὸν ἀ</b>. ib.II; <b class="b3">εἴ τι δυνατὸν ἐς ἀ. ἐλθεῖν</b> can be stated [[in numbers]], <span class="bibl">Th.2.72</span>. </span><span class="sense"><span class="bld">III</span> the [[science of numbers]], [[arithmetic]], ἀριθμόν, ἔξοχον σοφισμάτων <span class="bibl">A.<span class="title">Pr.</span>459</span>; ἀριθμῶν καὶ μέτρων εὑρήματα <span class="bibl">S.<span class="title">Fr.</span> 432</span>; ἀ. καὶ λογισμὸν εὑρεῖν <span class="bibl">Pl.<span class="title">Phdr.</span>274c</span>, cf. <span class="bibl"><span class="title">R.</span>522c</span>: [[proverb|prov.]], [[εἴπερ]] γὰρ ἀριθμὸν [[οἶδα]] <span class="bibl">E.<span class="title">Fr.</span>360.19</span>. </span><span class="sense"><span class="bld">IV</span> in Philos., [[abstract number]], <span class="bibl">Arist.<span class="title">Cat.</span>4b23</span>, <span class="bibl"><span class="title">Metaph.</span>990a19</span>, al.; ἀριθμὸς [[μαθηματικός]] ib.<span class="bibl">1090b35</span>; ἀριθμὸς [[οὐσιώδης]], opp. ἀριθμὸς <b class="b3">τοῦ ποσοῦ</b>, <span class="bibl">Plot.5.5.4</span>; ἀριθμὸς [[ἑνιαῖος]], ἀριθμὸς [[οὐσιώδης]], ἀριθμὸς [[ἑτεροῖος]], <span class="bibl">Dam.<span class="title">Pr.</span>228</span>. </span><span class="sense"><span class="bld">V</span> Gramm., [[number]], Stoic.3.214, <span class="bibl">D.T.634.16</span>, <span class="bibl">A.D.<span class="title">Synt.</span>32.2</span>,al.; cf. [[ἑνικός]], [[δυϊκός]], [[πληθυντικός]]. </span><span class="sense"><span class="bld">VI</span> [[numeral]], ib.<span class="bibl">36.6</span>, etc.; ὁ τέσσαρα ἀ. <span class="bibl">S.E.<span class="title">M.</span>7.96</span>; <b class="b3">παιδὸς ἀριθμός</b> = [[δεκάτη]], <span class="bibl">E.<span class="title">El.</span> 1132</span>. </span><span class="sense"><span class="bld">VII</span> [[unknown]] [[quantity]] (x), defined as <b class="b3">πλῆθος μονάδων ἀορίστων</b>, Dioph.<span class="title">Def.</span>2. </span><span class="sense"><span class="bld">VIII</span> Rhet., [[rhythm]] in Prose, in plural, <span class="bibl">D.H.<span class="title">Comp.</span>23</span>, <span class="bibl"><span class="title">Dem.</span>52</span>, cf. <span class="bibl">Arist.<span class="title">Rh.</span>1408b29</span>; but also ἀριθμοὶ τῶν ἀρχαίων ποιητᾶν <span class="title">SIG</span>703.7 (Delph.). </span><span class="sense"><span class="bld">IX</span> [[line]] of a [[book]], Apollon. Cit.<span class="bibl">2</span>. </span><span class="sense"><span class="bld">X</span> [[sum of numerical values]] of letters in a name, <span class="bibl"><span class="title">Apoc.</span>13.17</span>,al.; <b class="b3">φιλῶ ἧς ἀριθμὸς φμέ</b> Pompeian Inscr. in <span class="title">Rend.Linc.</span>10(1901).257. </span><span class="sense"><span class="bld">XI</span> [[unit]] of [[troop]]s, = Lat. [[numerus]], <span class="title">CIG</span>5187 (vi A. D.), <span class="bibl"><span class="title">BGU</span>673</span> (vi A. D.), etc.; = [[legio]], Jul. [[ad Ath]].280d, <span class="bibl">Zos.5.26</span>, <span class="bibl"><span class="title">PLond.</span> 5.1711.69</span> (vi A. D.). </span><span class="sense"><span class="bld">XII</span> Astrol., mostly in plural, [[ἀριθμοί]], [[degree]]s traversed in a given [[time]], <span class="bibl">Ptol.<span class="title">Tetr.</span>112</span>, Doroth. in <span class="title">Cat.Cod.Astr.</span>6.107.30; <b class="b3">τοῖς ἰδίοις ἀ</b>. at her normal [[speed]], of the [[moon]], Gal.19.531; also of [[degree]]s of [[latitude]], <span class="bibl">Heph.Astr.2.8</span>,<span class="bibl">3.1</span>. </span><span class="sense"><span class="bld">XIII</span> Medic., in plural, [[precise]] [[condition]]s, <b class="b3">παρόντων τῶν πρὸς τὴν φλεβοτομίαν ἀριθμῶν</b> Herod.Med.in <span class="title">Rh.Mus.</span>58.71, cf. <span class="bibl">Aret.<span class="title">CA</span>2.3</span>, prob. in Herod.Med. ap. <span class="bibl">Aët.9.2</span>; cf. supr.<span class="bibl">1.4</span>. [ῐ <span class="bibl">E.<span class="title">El.</span>1132</span>, <span class="bibl">Ar.<span class="title">Nu.</span>1203</span>.] (<b class="b3">ἀρῐθμός</b> from root <b class="b3">ἀρι-</b>, cf. [[ἐπάριτος]] ([[quod vide|q.v.]]), [[νήριτος]].) </span>