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Olympic Games: Difference between revisions
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The ancient Olympic Games ([[Ὀλυμπιακοὶ ἀγῶνες]]; Latin: Olympia, neuter plural: "the Olympics") were a series of athletic competitions among representatives of city-states and one of the Panhellenic Games of Ancient Greece. They were held in honor of Zeus, and the Greeks gave them a mythological origin. The first Olympic Games are traditionally dated to 776 BC. The games were held every four years, or Olympiad, which became a unit of time in historical chronologies. They continued to be celebrated when Greece came under Roman rule, 2nd century BC. Their last recorded celebration was in AD 393, under the emperor Theodosius I, but archeological evidence indicates that some games were still held after this date. The games likely came to an end under Theodosius II, possibly in connection with a fire that burned down the temple of the Olympian Zeus during his reign. | |wketx=The ancient Olympic Games ([[Ὀλυμπιακοὶ ἀγῶνες]]; Latin: Olympia, neuter plural: "the Olympics") were a series of athletic competitions among representatives of city-states and one of the Panhellenic Games of Ancient Greece. They were held in honor of Zeus, and the Greeks gave them a mythological origin. The first Olympic Games are traditionally dated to 776 BC. The games were held every four years, or Olympiad, which became a unit of time in historical chronologies. They continued to be celebrated when Greece came under Roman rule, 2nd century BC. Their last recorded celebration was in AD 393, under the emperor Theodosius I, but archeological evidence indicates that some games were still held after this date. The games likely came to an end under Theodosius II, possibly in connection with a fire that burned down the temple of the Olympian Zeus during his reign. | ||
During the celebration of the games, an Olympic Truce was enacted so that athletes could travel from their cities to the games in safety. The prizes for the victors were olive leaf wreaths or crowns. The games became a political tool used by city-states to assert dominance over their rivals. Politicians would announce political alliances at the games, and in times of war, priests would offer sacrifices to the gods for victory. The games were also used to help spread Hellenistic culture throughout the Mediterranean. The Olympics also featured religious celebrations. The statue of Zeus at Olympia was counted as one of the seven wonders of the ancient world. Sculptors and poets would congregate each olympiad to display their works of art to would-be patrons. | During the celebration of the games, an Olympic Truce was enacted so that athletes could travel from their cities to the games in safety. The prizes for the victors were olive leaf wreaths or crowns. The games became a political tool used by city-states to assert dominance over their rivals. Politicians would announce political alliances at the games, and in times of war, priests would offer sacrifices to the gods for victory. The games were also used to help spread Hellenistic culture throughout the Mediterranean. The Olympics also featured religious celebrations. The statue of Zeus at Olympia was counted as one of the seven wonders of the ancient world. Sculptors and poets would congregate each olympiad to display their works of art to would-be patrons. | ||
The ancient Olympics had fewer events than the modern games, and only freeborn Greek men were allowed to participate, although there were victorious women chariot owners. As long as they met the entrance criteria, athletes from any Greek city-state and kingdom were allowed to participate. The games were always held at Olympia rather than moving between different locations as is the practice with the modern Olympic Games. Victors at the Olympics were honored, and their feats chronicled for future generations. | The ancient Olympics had fewer events than the modern games, and only freeborn Greek men were allowed to participate, although there were victorious women chariot owners. As long as they met the entrance criteria, athletes from any Greek city-state and kingdom were allowed to participate. The games were always held at Olympia rather than moving between different locations as is the practice with the modern Olympic Games. Victors at the Olympics were honored, and their feats chronicled for future generations. | ||
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==Wikipedia EL== | ==Wikipedia EL== | ||
Οι αρχαίοι Ολυμπιακοί αγώνες, ήταν αθλητικοί αγώνες μεταξύ αγωνιζόμενων από τις ελληνικές πόλεις της αρχαιότητας και οι σημαντικότεροι από τους πανελλήνιους αγώνες της αρχαίας Ελλάδας (οι άλλοι ήταν τα Πύθια, Νέμεα, και Ίσθμια). Διεξάγονταν στην αρχαία Ολυμπία κάθε τέσσερα έτη από το 776 π.Χ, και διοργανωνόταν έως το 392 μ.Χ. όταν ο Βυζαντινός αυτοκράτορας Θεοδόσιος Α΄ τους κατάργησε οριστικά. Κατά τον 19ο αιώνα πραγματοποιήθηκαν 4 διοργανώσεις των Ολυμπίων στην Αθήνα, ως αναβίωση των αρχαίων Ολυμπιακών αγώνων. Από το 1896, οι σύγχρονοι αγώνες έγιναν διεθνείς και αναβίωσαν με την ονομασία Ολυμπιακοί Αγώνες, γνωστοί και ως θερινοί Ολυμπιακοί ενώ διεξάγονται και χειμερινοί Ολυμπιακοί αγώνες από το 1924. | Οι αρχαίοι Ολυμπιακοί αγώνες, ήταν αθλητικοί αγώνες μεταξύ αγωνιζόμενων από τις ελληνικές πόλεις της αρχαιότητας και οι σημαντικότεροι από τους πανελλήνιους αγώνες της αρχαίας Ελλάδας (οι άλλοι ήταν τα Πύθια, Νέμεα, και Ίσθμια). Διεξάγονταν στην αρχαία Ολυμπία κάθε τέσσερα έτη από το 776 π.Χ, και διοργανωνόταν έως το 392 μ.Χ. όταν ο Βυζαντινός αυτοκράτορας Θεοδόσιος Α΄ τους κατάργησε οριστικά. Κατά τον 19ο αιώνα πραγματοποιήθηκαν 4 διοργανώσεις των Ολυμπίων στην Αθήνα, ως αναβίωση των αρχαίων Ολυμπιακών αγώνων. Από το 1896, οι σύγχρονοι αγώνες έγιναν διεθνείς και αναβίωσαν με την ονομασία Ολυμπιακοί Αγώνες, γνωστοί και ως θερινοί Ολυμπιακοί ενώ διεξάγονται και χειμερινοί Ολυμπιακοί αγώνες από το 1924. | ||