σώφρων: Difference between revisions

|Definition=Ep. and poet. σᾰόφρων (as in Hom., v. infr., <span class="bibl">Pi.<span class="title">Pae.</span>9.46</span>), ονος, ὁ, ἡ: neut. [[σῶφρον]]:—prop. <span class="sense"><span class="bld">A</span> [[of sound mind]] (from [[σῶς]], [[φρήν]], cf. <span class="bibl">Pl.<span class="title">Cra.</span>411e</span>, <span class="bibl">Arist.<span class="title">EN</span>1140b11</span>): hence, [[discreet]], [[prudent]], οὐκ ἄν με σαόφρονα μυθήσαιο ἔμμεναι <span class="bibl">Il.21.462</span>, cf. <span class="bibl">Od.4.158</span>; opp. [[ἄφρων]], <span class="bibl">Thgn.431</span>, <span class="bibl">454</span>, <span class="bibl">497</span>; opp. [[νήπιος]], <span class="bibl">Id.483</span>; opp. [[ἀνόητος]], <span class="bibl">Hdt.1.4</span>; σώφρονες περὶ θεούς <span class="bibl">X.<span class="title">Mem.</span>4.3.2</span>; σωφρονέστατος ἐν τῇ τέχνῃ <span class="bibl">Hp.<span class="title">Prorrh.</span> 2.2</span>. </span><span class="sense"><span class="bld">2</span> of things, τοῖσι λόγοις σῶφρον ἔπεστιν ἄνθος <span class="bibl">Ar.<span class="title">Nu.</span>1025</span> (lyr.); <b class="b3">σ. οἶκτος</b> [[reasonable]] compassion, <span class="bibl">Th.3.59</span>; -έστατον κήρυγμα <span class="bibl">Aeschin.3.4</span>; σώφρον' εἶπας <span class="bibl">E.<span class="title">IA</span>1024</span>; ἄλλο τι -έστερον γνώσεσθε <span class="bibl">Th.5.111</span>; <b class="b3">σῶφρόν ἐστι</b> c. inf., <span class="bibl">Id.1.42</span>. </span><span class="sense"><span class="bld">II</span> in Att., esp. [[having control over the sensual desires]], [[temperate]], [[self-controlled]], [[chaste]] (σώφρων ὁ μετρίας ἐπιθυμίας ἔχων <span class="bibl">Pl.<span class="title">Def.</span>415d</span>, cf. [[σωφροσύνη]] ''1''), μοι δὸς -εστέραν πολὺ μητρὸς γενέσθαι <span class="bibl">A.<span class="title">Ch.</span>140</span>, cf. <span class="bibl">S.<span class="title">Aj.</span>132</span>; <b class="b3">γυνὴ σ</b>. <span class="bibl">And. 4.14</span>, cf. <span class="bibl">S.<span class="title">Fr.</span>682</span>; σ. καὶ ἐγκρατὴς ἑαυτοῦ <span class="bibl">Pl.<span class="title">Grg.</span>491d</span>, cf. <span class="bibl"><span class="title">1 Ep.Ti.</span> 3.2</span>, etc. </span><span class="sense"><span class="bld">2</span> of things, σ. γνώμη <span class="bibl">A.<span class="title">Ag.</span>1664</span> (troch.); εὐχαί <span class="bibl">Id.<span class="title">Supp.</span>710</span>; <b class="b3">σ. ὑμέναιοι, λέχη</b>, <span class="bibl">E.<span class="title">Or.</span>558</span>, <span class="bibl"><span class="title">El.</span>1099</span>; [[τράπεζα]], [[δίαιτα]], <span class="bibl">Id.<span class="title">Fr.</span>893</span> (lyr.), <span class="bibl">Pl.<span class="title">Ep.</span>336c</span>; [[ἀριστοκρατία]] [[moderate]], <span class="bibl">Th.3.82</span>; [[χάρις]] ib. <span class="bibl">58</span>; βίος <span class="bibl">Pl.<span class="title">Lg.</span>733e</span>; φρονεῖν σώφρονα <span class="bibl">S.<span class="title">Fr.</span>64</span>. </span><span class="sense"><span class="bld">3</span> <b class="b3">τὸ σῶφρον</b>, = [[σωφροσύνη]], <span class="bibl">Id.<span class="title">Fr.</span>786</span>, <span class="bibl">E.<span class="title">Hipp.</span>431</span>, <span class="bibl">Th.1.37</span>, <span class="bibl">3.82</span>; <b class="b3">σοῦ τὸ σ</b>. <span class="bibl">E.<span class="title">Andr.</span>365</span>, cf. <span class="bibl">346</span>, etc.; ἐπὶ τὸ -έστερον λαμβάνειν τι <span class="bibl">Hdt.3.71</span>; τὸ -έστατον <span class="bibl">Th.3.62</span>; τὰ σώφρονα λάγδην πατεῖται <span class="bibl">S.<span class="title">Fr.</span>683</span>. </span><span class="sense"><span class="bld">III</span> Adv. -όνως <span class="bibl">A.<span class="title">Th.</span> 645</span>, <span class="bibl"><span class="title">Eu.</span>44</span>, <span class="bibl">Hdt.4.77</span>; σ. τραφῆναι <span class="bibl">Ar.<span class="title">Eq.</span>334</span> (lyr.); σ. τε καὶ μετρίως <span class="bibl">Pl.<span class="title">R.</span>399b</span>; <b class="b3">δικαίως πράττοντες καὶ σ</b>. Id.<span class="title">Alc.</span>1.134d; <b class="b3">σ. ἐφέπεσθαι</b> [[cautiously]], <span class="bibl">X.<span class="title">Ages.</span>2.3</span>: Comp., <b class="b3">-έστερον πολιτεύειν</b> adopt a [[more moderate]] constitution, <span class="bibl">Th.8.53</span>, cf. <span class="bibl">1.84</span>, <span class="bibl">X.<span class="title">Eq.Mag.</span>1.14</span>, etc.; but -εστέρως <span class="bibl">E.<span class="title">IA</span>379</span> (troch.): Sup. -έστατα <span class="bibl">Isoc.7.13</span>, <span class="bibl">Pl.<span class="title">Lg.</span>728e</span>.</span>

|elnltext=σώφρων -ον, gen. -ονος, ep. en poët. σαόφρων [σῶς, φρήν] comp. σωφρονέστερος, superl. σωφρονέστατος verstandig, bij zinnen, nuchter, redelijk:. ἁρπασθεισέων... τιμωρέειν ἀνοήτων,... μηδεμίαν ὤρην ἔχειν... σωφρόνων (zij menen) dat wraak nemen voor ontvoerde vrouwen iets voor dwazen (is), (maar) er geen aandacht aan besteden iets voor redelijke mensen Hdt. 1.4.2; ἐπιχείρησιν... μὴ... συντάχυνε ἀβούλως, ἀλλ’ ἐπὶ τὸ σωφρονέστερον αὐτὴν λάμβανε maak met die onderneming geen haast zonder beleid, maar begin er aan op een verstandiger manier Hdt. 3.71.13. beheerst, fatsoenlijk, gematigd, ingetogen, bescheiden:; σώφρων... καὶ ἐγκρατὴς αὐτὸς ἑαυτοῦ gematigd en zichzelf in de hand hebbend Plat. Grg. 491d; σωφρόνως τε καὶ μετρίως πράττων beheerst en fatsoenlijk handelend Plat. Resp. 399b; seks., m. n. van vrouwen en jongens fatsoenlijk, kuis:; μοι δὸς σωφρονεστέραν... μητρὸς γενέσθαι gun me dat ik mezelf meer in de hand heb dan mijn moeder Aeschl. Ch. 140; ook van mannen. δείξω πρῶτα μὲν σοφὸς γεγώς, ἔπειτα σώφρων ik (Jason) zal aantonen dat ik om te beginnen wijs ben, en verder beheerst (nl. niet ten prooi aan Eros) Eur. Med. 549. politiek gematigd (soms als slogan van oligarchische politiek gebruikt, i.t.t. radicale democratie). ἀριστοκρατία σ. gematigde aristocratie Thuc. 3.82.8; εἰ μὴ πολιτεύσομέν τε σωφρονέστερον καὶ ἐς ὀλίγους μᾶλλον τὰς ἀρχὰς ποιήσομεν als we geen gematigdere politiek gaan bedrijven en de ambten meer gaan toevertrouwen aan beperkt aantal mensen Thuc. 8.53.3. subst. τὸ σῶφρον = σωφροσύνη:. φασὶ δὲ ξυμμαχίαν διὰ τὸ σῶφρον οὐδενός πω δέξασθαι ze zeggen dat ze vanwege hun behoedzaamheid nog nooit een bondgenootschap met iemand hebben geaccepteerd Thuc. 1.37.2.