barbaria: Difference between revisions

{{Lewis

|lshtext=<b>barbărĭa</b>: ae ([[poet]]., or in [[post]]-Aug. [[prose]] barbărĭes, acc. -em; so [[once]] in Cic. Brut. 74, 258), f. [[barbarus]].<br /><b>I</b> Lit., a [[foreign]] [[country]], in [[opposition]] to [[Greece]] or [[Rome]].<br />&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<b>A</b> In gen.: a quo (philosopho) non [[solum]] [[Graecia]] et [[Italia]], sed [[etiam]] [[omnis]] [[barbaria]] commota est, Cic. Fin. 2, 15, 49; 5, 4, 11; id. N. D. 1, 29, 81; cf.: non [[solum]] cum exercitu suo, sed [[etiam]] cum omni inmanitate barbariae [[bellum]] inferre nobis. id. Phil. 5, 13, 37; 13, 8, 18: [[quid]] [[tibi]] barbariem. gentes ab [[utroque]] jacentes Oceano numerem? Ov. M. 15, 829: in mediā vivere barbarie, id. Tr. 3, 10, 4; Luc. 8, 812; Just. 9, 5, 7 al.—<br />&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<b>B</b> Esp., of a [[particular]] [[country]], [[aside]] from [[Greece]] or [[Rome]]. Thus (in the [[mouth]] of a Greek), of [[Italy]], as opp. to [[Greece]] ([[only]] in Plaut.), Plaut. Poen. 3, 2, 21; id. Fragm. ap. Fest. s. v. vapula, p. 278. —Of [[Persia]]: Themistoclem non in Graeciae [[portus]], sed in barbariae [[sinus]] confugisse, Cic. Rep. 1, 3, 5.—Of [[Phrygia]]: [[Graecia]] barbariae [[lento]] collisa duello, Hor. Ep. 1, 2, 7.—Of [[Gaul]], in opp. to [[Rome]], Cic. Font. 20, 44 (16, 34).—Of [[Scythia]] and [[Britain]], Cic. N. D. 2, 34, 88; in gen.: quae [[barbaria]] Indiā vastior aut agrestior? id. Tusc. 5, 27, 77 al.—<br /><b>II</b> [[Meton]]., [[mental]] or [[moral]] [[barbarism]], according to the [[notion]] of the ancients.<br />&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<b>A</b> Rudeness, [[rusticity]], [[stupidity]]: [[barbaria]] [[forensis]], Cic. de Or. 1, 26, 118: [[grandis]], Ov. Am. 3, 8, 4.—Hence of [[barbarism]] in [[language]]: omnes tum [[fere]], qui nec [[extra]] urbem hanc vixerant, nec eos [[aliqua]] [[barbaries]] domestica infuscaverat, recte loquebantur, Cic. Brut. 74, 258.—And of [[faulty]] [[reading]], Petr. 68, 5.—<br />&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<b>B</b> Savageness, barbarousness, [[rudeness]], uncivilized [[manners]]: inveterata [[barbaria]], Cic. Balb. 19, 43: ferum et [[immane]] [[facinus]], [[quod]] nulla [[barbaria]] posset agnoscere, id. Phil. 14, 3, 8: ista [[vero]] quae et quanta [[barbaria]] est, id. ib. 2, 42, 108; 11, 2, 6: tanta [[barbaries]] (Sarmatorum) est, ut pacem non intellegant, Flor. 4, 12, 20; Just. 43, 4, 1; Quint. 11, 3, 69; Petr. 68.—<br />&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<b>C</b> = [[barbari]]: quale [[bellum]] nulla [[umquam]] [[barbaria]] cum suā gente gessit, Cic. Cat. 3, 10, 25; cf.: hoc poëtae [[nomen]], [[quod]] nulla [[umquam]] [[barbaria]] violavit, id. Arch. 8, 19.

{{Georges

|georg=barbaria, ae (Nbf. barbariēs, Akk. em, Abl. ē, [[bei]] Cic. im [[Text]] [[bis]] [[jetzt]] [[nur]] [[Brut]]. 258, [[aber]] [[öfter]] in guten Hdschrn., s. Ellendts krit. Anm. z. a. St.), f. ([[barbarus]]), I) das [[Ausland]] ([[Staat]] und [[bes]]. [[Bewohner]]) im Ggstz. zu Griechenland und Rom, a) im allg.: a [[quo]] (philosopho) [[non]] [[solum]] [[Graecia]] et [[Italia]], [[sed]] [[etiam]] [[omnis]] [[barbaria]] commota est, Cic.: [[quod]] nulla in [[barbaria]] [[quisquam]] [[tyrannus]] fecit, Cic.: [[extra]] hanc summam ([[Graeci]] [[exercitus]]) et Macedoniae [[exercitus]] erant et [[confinis]] domitarum gentium [[barbaria]], Iustin.: ut omnes [[fere]] Italiae gentes [[tamquam]] saeva [[barbaries]] domarentur, Augustin. de civ. dei 3, 26: [[barbaria]] [[omnis]], alle Barbaren, Eutr. 8, 23. – b) insbes., [[von]] einem bestimmten Staate [[außer]] Griechenland u. Rom: α) (im Munde eines Griechen) [[von]] Rom, im Ggstz. zu Griechenland, Plaut. Poen. 597. – β) im Munde eines Römers [[von]] Persien, im Ggstz. zu Griechenland, Cic. de rep. 1, 5: [[von]] Phrygien, ebenf. im Ggstz. zu Gr., Hor. ep. 1, 2, 7: [[von]] Gallien, im Ggstz. zu Rom, Cic. Font. 44: [[von]] Szythien und Britannien, in dems. Ggstz., Cic. de nat. deor. 2, 88: v. Szythien, Isid. 14, 4, 3 cod. Gu. – II) meton.: A) geistige [[Barbarei]], Unkultur, [[Roheit]], si [[multitudo]] litium, si [[haec]] [[turba]] et [[barbaria]] [[forensis]] dat locum [[vel]] vitiosissimis oratoribus etc., Cic.: [[ingenium]] fuerat pretiosius [[auro]], at [[nunc]] [[barbaries]] [[grandis]], Ov. – vom »barbarischen (fehlerhaften) [[Ausdruck]]« in der [[Rede]], omnes tum [[fere]], [[qui]] [[nec]] [[extra]] urbem hanc vixerant [[nec]] [[eos]] [[aliqua]] [[barbaries]] domestica infuscaverat, [[recte]] loquebantur, Cic. [[Brut]]. 258: v. »fehlerhaften [[Ton]]« der [[Rede]], Petr. 68, 5. – B) moral. [[Barbarei]], [[Roheit]], [[Ungeschliffenheit]], Ungeschlachtheit, [[Wildheit]], (C. [[Caesar]]) inveteratam quandam barbariam ex Gaditanorum moribus disciplinā delevit, Cic.: tanta [[barbaria]] (Sarmatarum) est, ut pacem [[non]] intellegant, [[Flor]].

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