tristis: Difference between revisions

{{Lewis

|lshtext=<b>tristis</b>: e, adj. etym. dub.; cf. Sanscr. trastas, [[frightened]]; and Lat. [[terreo]],<br /><b>I</b> [[sad]], [[sorrowful]], [[mournful]], [[dejected]], [[melancholy]], [[disconsolate]], trist (syn.: [[maestus]], [[severus]], [[austerus]], [[luctuosus]]).<br /><b>I</b> In gen.: maesti tristesque, Plaut. Bacch. 4, 4, 18: cum [[maestus]] errares, quaerere ex te, [[quid]] [[tristis]] esses, Cic. Div. 1, 28, 59: [[tristis]] et [[conturbatus]], id. Verr. 2, 4, 14, § 32: [[tristis]], [[demissus]], id. Mur. 21, 45: sic tristes [[affatus]] amicos, Hor. C. 1, 7, 24: Sequanos tristes, capite demisso, terram intueri, Caes. B. G. 1, 32: [[numquam]] ego te tristiorem Vidi esse, Plaut. Cist. 1, 1, 55: oderunt hilarem tristes, tristemque jocosi, Hor. Ep. 1, 18, 89: (faciet) hominem ex [[tristi]] lepidum et lenem, Plaut. Cas. 2, 3, 7: [[quid]] tu [[tristis]] es? id. ib. 2, 2, 6; id. Men. 5, 2, 27; 5, 2, 59: [[quid]] es tam [[tristis]]? Ter. Hec. 3, 2, 20: malle se adulescentem tristem [[quam]] hilarem, Sen. Ep. 36, 3: [[tristis]] Erat et me maestum videbat, Curt. 6, 11, 27; Sen. Tranq. 15, 4.—<br />&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<b>B</b> Transf.<br />&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<b>1</b>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; Of things associated [[with]] [[misfortune]] or [[suggestive]] of [[sadness]], [[melancholy]], saddening, [[unhappy]]: ut tuum laetissimum diem cum tristissimo meo conferam, Cic. Pis. 14, 33; cf.: vel defensus tristibus temporibus vel [[ornatus]] secundis, id. Fam. 15, 7: esse vultu [[tristi]], Plaut. Most. 3, 2, 124: tristissima [[exta]], Cic. Div. 2, 15, 36: tristissimi exsilii [[solatium]], Liv. 5, 51, 1: tristissimam exegimus noctem, [[most]] [[miserable]], Petr. 115: [[sors]], [[unhappy]], [[miserable]], Cic. Mur. 20, 42: [[eventus]], Liv. 8, 24, 18: [[Kalendae]], [[sad]], [[dismal]], Hor. S. 1, 3, 87: [[Hyades]], id. C. 1, 3, 14: [[Orion]], id. Epod. 10, 10: bella, id. A. P. 73: [[clades]], id. C. 3, 3, 62: [[morbus]], Verg. G. 4, 252: [[fatum]], Hor. S. 1, 9, 29: jus sepulcri, Ov. M. 13, 472: [[officium]] (exsequiarum), id. ib. 12, 4: funera, Verg. G. 4, 256; Hor. Ep. 2, 2, 74: [[pars]] subiere feretro, Triste [[ministerium]], Verg. A. 6, 223: Tartara, id. ib. 4, 243: [[Acheron]], Sil. 13, 571: tristique [[palus]] [[inamabilis]] undā, Verg. A. 6, 438; Hor. C. 2, 14, 8: arbores, [[gloomy]], [[sombre]], Plin. 16, 25, 40, § 95: adspectus (arboris), id. 13, 22, 40, § 120: tristes et squalidi trunci, Sen. Ep. 12, 1.—<br />&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<b>2</b>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; Of [[taste]]: [[quod]] [[triste]] et amarum est, [[harsh]], [[disagreeable]], [[bitter]], Lucr. 4, 634: suci, Verg. G. 2, 126: lupinum, id. ib. 1, 75: absinthia, Ov. P. 3, 1, 23; 3, 8, 15: [[epulae]], Sil. 3, 281: [[sapor]]. Ov. Tr. 4, 6, 12: pocula, Tib. 1, 5, 50.—<br />&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<b>3</b>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; Of [[smell]], [[offensive]], [[foul]]: [[anhelitus]] oris, Ov. A. A. 1, 521.—<br />&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<b>4</b>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; As subst.: [[triste]], is, n., a [[sad]] [[thing]], etc. ([[poet]].): [[triste]] [[lupus]] stabulis, maturis frugibus imbres, Arboribus venti, a [[sad]] [[thing]], a [[pest]], [[bane]], Verg. E. 3, 80: [[interdum]] miscentur tristia laetis, Ov. F. 6, 463; cf.: [[nunc]] ego mitibus Mutare [[quaero]] tristia, Hor. C. 1, 16, 26. Thus Ovid called his elegies [[that]] were written in [[exile]] Tristia.—<br /><b>II</b> In partic.<br />&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<b>A</b> Of behavior, etc., [[towards]] others.<br />&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<b>1</b>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; Glum, [[gloomy]], [[peevish]], [[morose]], [[ill]]-humored (syn.: [[tetricus]], [[severus]], [[austerus]]): [[stultitia]] est, ei te esse tristem, Plaut. Cas. 2, 4, 4: eia, mea [[Juno]], non [[decet]] te esse tam tristem tuo Jovi, id. ib. 2, 3, 14: mihi erit tristior, Afran. ap. Non. 410, 2: [[tristis]] [[amica]] ingrato viro, Prop. 1, 6, 10: [[puella]], id. 1, 10, 21: [[navita]] [[tristis]] ([[Charon]]), [[gloomy]], [[sullen]], Verg. A. 6, 315; so, dii, Hor. S. 1, 5, 103: [[Erinys]], Verg. A. 2, 337: sorores, i. e. the Fates, Tib. 3, 3, 35; Sen. Tranq. 7, 6: [[ursa]], Stat. Achill. 2, 409.—<br />&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<b>2</b>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; Stern, [[harsh]], [[severe]]: judex [[tristis]] et [[integer]], Cic. Verr. 1, 10, 30; cf.: cum tristibus [[severe]], cum remissis jucunde vivere, id. Cael. 6, 13.—<br />&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<b>B</b> Transf., of things, [[gloomy]], [[sad]], [[melancholy]], [[stern]], [[harsh]], etc.: truculentis oculis, [[tristi]] fronte, Plaut. As. 2, 3, 21: [[voltus]], id. Most. 3, 2, 124: fronte gravi et [[tristi]] supercilio, Plin. [[Pan]]. 41, 3: [[idem]] naturā tristiori [[paululo]], Afran. ap. Non. 410, 2: [[vultus]] severior et tristior, Cic. de Or. 2, 71, 289; cf.: [[tristis]] [[severitas]] inest in vultu, Ter. And. 5, 2, 16: [[vita]] tristior, Cic. Off. 1, 30, 108: [[triste]] et severum [[genus]] dicendi, id. Brut. 30, 113; cf.: [[sermo]] [[tristis]] (opp. jocosus), Hor. S. 1, 10, 11: [[senectus]], Verg. ap. Sen. Ep. 108, 29; cf.: [[tristis]] et [[plenus]] dignitatis [[sonus]], Cic. Rep. 6, 2, 7: perfert in judiciis tristem et impexam antiquitatem, Tac. Or. 20.—Of languages, etc.: tua tristia dicta, Verg. A. 10, 612: [[sententia]], Ov. M. 15, 43; Liv. 8, 21, 2: [[responsum]], id. 9, 16, 3: senatūs [[consultum]], id. 5, 6, 2.— Adv.: tristĕ, [[sadly]], [[sorrowfully]]; [[harshly]], [[severely]]: salutantes, Stat. Th. 4, 19: [[triste]] et [[acutum]] resonare, Hor. S. 1, 8, 41: [[rigens]] [[frons]], Stat. S. 5, 1, 64.—Comp.: flere tristius, Prop. 2, 20 (3, 13), 2: adulescentes gravius aegrotant, tristius curantur, [[with]] [[more]] [[difficulty]], Cic. Sen. 19, 67: respondere tristius, [[more]] [[harshly]], id. Fam. 4, 13, 5.

{{Georges

|georg=trīstis, e ([[vielleicht]] zu griech. [[δριμύς]], [[scharf]], [[durchdringend]]), [[traurig]], [[betrübt]], verstimmt, [[verdrießlich]], v. dem, [[dessen]] [[Betrübnis]] [[sich]] in den Mienen usw. äußert, I) im allg.: 1) eig., v. Pers. (Ggstz. [[hilaris]], [[hilarus]], [[laetus]]), verb. maesti tristesque, Plaut.: [[tristis]] et [[conturbatus]], Cic.: [[tristis]], [[demissus]], Cic.: tristes, capite demisso, terram intueri, Caes.: [[numquam]] [[ego]] te tristiorem vidi [[esse]], Plaut.: quos cum tristiores vidisset, Cic.: Plur. tristes subst., Ggstz. gaudentes, Plin. pan. 72, 7. – 2) übtr., v. Lebl.: a) [[traurig]], [[von]] [[Ansehen]], [[hiems]], Liv.: [[arbor]], Plin.: [[truncus]], Sen.: [[lana]], [[schmutzig]] schwarze (v. [[Natur]]), Mart.: [[aspectus]], widerlicher A., Plin.: [[iaspis]] in [[Cappadocia]] ex [[purpura]] caerulea, [[tristis]] ([[düster]]) [[atque]] [[non]] refulgens, Plin. – v. der [[Unterwelt]], Tartara, Verg.: [[unda]], Verg. u. Hor.: [[Acheron]], Sil. – u. poet. (= [[austerus]]), [[widerlich]], [[herb]] [[von]] [[Geschmack]] (Ggstz. [[dulcis]]), suci, Verg.: absinthia, Ov.: [[glans]], Plin.: [[sapor]], Ov.: u.v. [[Geruch]], [[anhelitus]] oris, Ov. – b) [[objektiv]], [[wie]] [[unser]] [[traurig]], v. allem, [[was]] [[mit]] [[Trauer]], [[Betrübnis]], [[Unglück]] verbunden ist, [[trübe]], betrübend, niederschlagend, [[unglücklich]], [[tempora]], Cic.: [[litterae]] nuntiique, Cic.: [[bellum]], Hor.: [[Hyades]], [[weil]] [[trübe]], regnerische Witterung bringend, Hor.: u. so [[Orion]], Hor.: [[officium]] (sc. exsequiarum), Ov.: [[ira]], [[traurig]] in seinen Folgen, Hor.: remedia, schmerzliche, empfindliche, Liv.: [[eventus]], Liv.: ex [[itus]] ([[Lebensende]]) [[tam]] [[tristis]] [[atque]] [[acerbus]], Liv. epit.: tr. [[sors]], Cic.: [[exta]], [[nichts]] Gutes verheißende, [[Unglück]] drohende (Ggstz. [[laeta]]), Tac.: m. ad u. Akk., tristia ad ([[bei]]) recordationem exempla, Liv. 24, 8, 20. – neutr. subst., [[triste]] [[lupus]] stabulis, [[etwas]] Verderbliches, Verg.: tristia miscentur laetis, Ov. – II) insbes.: 1) der [[Laune]] [[nach]], [[finster]], a) = [[unfreundlich]], [[mürrisch]], [[übelgelaunt]] (Ggstz. [[iocosus]], [[hilaris]]), Cic. u.a.: [[natura]] ([[Naturell]]), Cic.: [[puella]], Prop.: [[vultus]] tristior, Cic. – b) = [[grimmig]], [[zornig]], Plaut. u. Prop.: [[Eurystheus]], Cic. poët.: [[ursa]], Stat.: irae, Cic. poët.: dicta, Ov. – 2) [[abgemessen]] [[ernst]], [[trocken]], [[streng]], [[abgemessen]] [[kalt]], [[hart]], [[rauh]], [[tristis]] et [[severus]] [[senex]], Nep.: [[iudex]], Cic.: sorores, die Parzen, Tibull.: [[Erinys]], Verg.: [[veritas]], Ter.: tr. et [[severum]] dicendi [[genus]], Cic.: [[triste]] [[responsum]], Liv.: tristior [[sententia]], Liv.: sermone [[opus]] est [[modo]] [[tristi]], [[modo]] iocoso, Hor.

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