umbra: Difference between revisions

{{Lewis

|lshtext=<b>umbra</b>: ae, f. etym. dub.; Curt. compares Sanscr. ambara, an [[encircling]],<br /><b>I</b> a [[shade]], [[shadow]].<br /><b>I</b> Lit.: cum [[usque]] [[quaque]] [[umbra]] est, [[tamen]] Sol [[semper]] hic est, Plaut. Most. 3, 2, 79: [[illa]] [[platanus]], cujus umbram secutus est [[Socrates]], Cic. de Or. 1, 7, 28: fiebat, ut incideret [[luna]] in eam metam, quae esset [[umbra]] terrae, etc., id. Rep. 1, 14, 22; cf. id. Div. 2, 6, 17: colles ... afferunt umbram vallibus, id. Rep. 2, 6, 11: nox Involvens umbrā magnā terramque polumque, Verg. A. 2, 251: spissis noctis se condidit umbris, id. ib. 2, 621: majoresque cadunt altis de montibus umbrae, id. E. 1, 84; 5, 70: pampineae, id. ib. 7, 58: certum est mihi, [[quasi]] [[umbra]], [[quoquo]] [[ibis]] tu, te persequi, Plaut. Cas. 1, 4; cf. id. Most. 3, 2, 82.—Prov.: umbras timere, to be [[afraid]] of shadows, i. e. to [[fear]] [[without]] [[cause]], Cic. Att. 15, 20, 4: umbram suam metuere, Q. Cic. Petit. Cons. 2, 9: [[ipse]] meas [[solus]], [[quod]] nil est, [[aemulor]] umbras, Prop. 2, 34 (3, 32), 19.—<br />&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<b>B</b> Transf.<br />&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<b>1</b>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; In [[painting]], the [[dark]] [[part]] of a [[painting]], [[shade]], [[shadow]]: [[quam]] [[multa]] vident pictores in umbris et in eminentiā, quae nos non videmus! Cic. Ac. 2, 7, 20; so (opp. [[lumen]]) Plin. 35, 5, 11, § 29; 35, 11, 40, § 131; 33, 3, 57, § 163.—<br />&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<b>2</b>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; A [[shade]], [[ghost]] of a [[dead]] [[person]] ([[poet]]. and in [[post]]-Aug. [[prose]]; cf.: [[Manes]], [[Lemures]]): nos ubi decidimus, Quo [[dives]] [[Tullus]] et [[Ancus]], Pulvis et [[umbra]] sumus, Hor. C. 4, 7, 16: ne [[forte]] animas Acherunte reamur Effugere aut umbras [[inter]] vivos volitare, Lucr. 4, 38; cf.: cornea ([[porta]]), quā veris [[facilis]] datur [[exitus]] umbris, Verg. A. 6, 894; Tib. 3, 2, 9; Verg. A. 5, 734; Hor. C. 2, 13, 30; id. S. 1, 8, 41; Plin. 30, 2, 6, § 18; Suet. Calig. 59 al.: Umbrarum rex, i. e. [[Pluto]], Ov. M. 7, 249; so, [[dominus]], id. ib. 10, 16.— In the plur. umbrae, of a [[single]] [[dead]] [[person]]: matris agitabitur umbris, Ov. M. 9, 410; 8, 476; 6, 541; Verg. A. 6, 510; 10, 519 al.—<br />&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<b>3</b>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; Like the Greek [[σκιά]], an [[uninvited]] [[guest]], whom an invited one brings [[with]] him (cf. [[parasitus]]), Hor. S. 2, 8, 22; id. Ep. 1, 5, 28; Plaut. Pers. 2, 4, 27; so, of an [[attendant]]: luxuriae, Cic. Mur. 6, 13.—<br />&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<b>4</b>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; A [[shade]], [[shady]] [[place]], [[that]] [[which]] gives a [[shade]] or [[shadow]] (as a [[tree]], [[house]], [[tent]], etc; [[poet]].); of trees: [[nudus]] Arboris [[Othrys]] erat nec habebat [[Pelion]] umbras, Ov. M. 12, 513; so id. ib. 10, 88; 10, 90; 14, 447; Verg. G. 1, 157, id. E. 9, 20; 5, 5; Sil. 4, 681: Pompeiā spatiabere [[cultus]] in umbrā, i. e. in the Pompeian [[portico]], Prop. 4 (5), 8, 75; so, [[Pompeia]], Ov. A. A. 1, 67; 3, 387: vacuā tonsoris in umbrā, in the [[cool]] [[barber]]'s [[shop]], Hor. Ep. 1, 7, 50: studia in umbrā educata, in the [[closet]], [[study]], Tac. A. 14, 53; cf.: [[rhetorica]], i. e. the [[rhetorician]]'s [[school]], Juv. 7, 173: dum roseis venit [[umbra]] genis, i. e. [[down]], [[beard]], Stat. Th. 4, 336; cf.: dubia lanuginis, Claud. Nupt. Pall. et [[Celer]]. 42: [[nunc]] [[umbra]] nudata sua jam tempora moerent, i. e. of [[hair]], Petr. poët. 109: summae cassidis [[umbra]], i. e. the [[plume]] or [[crest]], Stat. Th. 6, 226: sed non erat [[illi]] Arcus et ex umeris nullae fulgentibus umbrae, i. e. quivers, id. S. 3, 4, 30.—<br />&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<b>5</b>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; A [[fish]], called also [[sciaena]]; a grayling, umber: Salmo thymallus, Linn.; Enn. ap. App. Mag. p. 299 (Heduph. v. 7 Vahl.); Varr. L. L. 5, § 77 Müll.; Ov. Hal. 111; Col. 8, 16, 8; Aus. Idyll. 10, 90.—<br /><b>II</b> Trop., [[like]] the Engl. [[shadow]] or [[shade]].<br />&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<b>A</b> Opp. to [[substance]] or [[reality]], a [[trace]], [[obscure]] [[sign]] or [[image]], [[faint]] [[appearance]], [[imperfect]] [[copy]] or [[representation]], [[semblance]], [[pretence]] (cf. [[simulacrum]]): veri juris germanaeque justitiae solidam et expressam effigiem nullam tenemus, umbrā et imaginibus utimur, Cic. Off. 3, 17, 69: [[umbra]] et [[imago]] civitatis, id. Rep. 2, 30, 53: [[umbra]] et [[imago]] equitis Romani, id. Rab. Post. 15, 41: o hominem amentem et miserum, qui ne umbram [[quidem]] [[umquam]] τοῦ καλοῦ> viderit! id. Att. 7, 11, 1: in quo ipsam luxuriam reperire non potes, in eo te umbram luxuriae reperturum putas? id. Mur. 6, 13: in comoediā [[maxime]] claudicamus ... vix levem consequimur umbram, Quint. 10, 1, 100: sub umbrā foederis aequi servitutem pati, Liv. 8, 4, 2: umbras falsae gloriae consectari, Cic. Pis. 24, 57: [[umbra]] es amantum [[magis]] [[quam]] [[amator]], Plaut. Mil. 3, 1, 31: [[mendax]] pietatis [[umbra]], Ov. M. 9, 459: libertatis, Luc. 3, 146: belli, Sil. 15, 316: umbras quasdam veritatis habere, Plin. 30, 2, 6, § 17; Claud. Laud. Stil. 1, 273.—<br />&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<b>B</b> Shelter, [[cover]], [[protection]]: [[umbra]] et [[recessus]], Cic. de Or. 3, 26, 101: umbrā magni nominis delitescunt, Quint. 12, 10, 15: [[umbra]] vestri auxilii tegi possumus, Liv. 7, 30, 18: sub umbrā auxilii vestri latere volunt, id. 32, 21, 31: sub umbrā Romanae amicitiae latebant, id. 34, 9, 10: [[morum]] vitia sub umbrā eloquentiae [[primo]] latebant, Just. 5, 2, 7.—<br />&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<b>C</b> Rest, [[leisure]]: ignavā Veneris cessamus in umbrā, Ov. Am. 2, 18, 3; Albin. Ob. Maec. 98.

{{Georges

|georg=umbra, ae, f., der [[Schatten]], I) eig. u. bildl.: A) eig.: arboris, Cic.: terrae, Cic.: in [[umbra]], Verg., od. [[sub]] [[umbra]], Hor., im [[Schatten]]: [[umbra]], ut [[dies]] crevit decrevitque, [[modo]] brevior [[modo]] longior hāc [[vel]] illā cadit, Plin. ep.: maiores cadunt de montibus umbrae, es wird [[Abend]], Verg.: longius cadentes umbrae suae, [[Flor]].: poet. [[für]] [[Dunkelheit]], Finsternis, noctis, Verg.: [[aurora]] dimoverat umbram, Verg.: ad umbram lucis ab ortu, vom [[Morgen]] [[bis]] zum [[Abend]], Hor. – Sprichw., umbras timere, [[selbst]] od. [[sogar]] den [[Schatten]] [[fürchten]], d.i. [[ohne]] [[Not]] in [[Furcht]] [[sein]], Cic. ad Att. 15, 20, 4: [[ebenso]] umbram suam metuere, Q. Cic. de pet. cons. 9: [[ähnlich]] [[ipse]] meas [[solus]], [[quod]] [[nil]] est, [[aemulor]] umbras, vom eifersüchtigen [[Liebhaber]], Prop. 2, 34, 19. – B) bildl., der [[Schatten]], a) [[für]] [[Schutz]], [[Schirm]], [[Zuflucht]], auxilii, Liv.: [[sub]] [[umbra]] Romanae amicitiae [[latere]], Liv. – b) [[für]] [[Muße]], behagliche Rühe, [[Veneris]] cessamus in [[umbra]], Ov.: cedat [[umbra]] [[soli]], [[von]] der Rechtsgelehrsamkeit, Cic. Mur. 30: [[auch]] übh. [[ein]] zurückgezogenes [[Leben]], [[Privatleben]], im Ggstz. zur [[Öffentlichkeit]], studia in [[umbra]] educata, im [[stillen]] [[Studierzimmer]], Tac. ann. 14, 53. – c) [[Schein]] (im Ggstz. zur [[Wirklichkeit]]), [[Spur]], [[Abbild]], [[ganz]] [[wie]] [[unser]] [[Schatten]], [[umbra]] imagoque iustitiae (Ggstz. [[vera]] [[iustitia]]), Lact.: gloriae, Cic.: [[umbra]] nomenque P. Licinii, Liv.: libertatis, Lucan.: honoris, [[von]] den konsularischen Insignien, Tac.: [[umbra]] quaedam illorum honorum et [[similitudo]], Sen. ep. 92, 27: umbram [[quoque]] spei devorasse, [[Varro]] [[sat]]. Men. 378: dah. [[für]] [[Schein]], [[Vorwand]], [[sub]] [[umbra]] foederis aequi servitutem pati, Liv. 8, 4, 2; so [[auch]] Claud. laud. [[Stil]]. 1, 273. – II) übtr. u. meton.: A) übtr.: 1) der [[Schatten]] in der [[Malerei]] (Ggstz. [[lumen]]), Cic. u.a.: übtr., in der [[Rede]], Cic.: [[neque]] [[enim]] [[persona]] umbram actae [[rei]] capit, die [[Person]] ist zu [[merkwürdig]], [[als]] daß die [[Tat]] in der [[Dunkelheit]] [[bleiben]], [[mit]] [[Stillschweigen]] übergangen [[werden]] könnte, Vell. – 2) der [[Schatten]] = [[Begleiter]], luxuriae, Cic. Mur. 13. – v. uneingeladenen Gästen, die [[man]] mitbringt ([[wie]] [[σκιά]]), Hor. [[sat]]. 2, 8, 22 u. ep. 1, 5, 28. – B) meton.: 1) das Schattige, a) übh., [[wie]] Bäume, Häuser usw., umbras falce premere, Verg.: inducite montibus umbras, i.e. arbores, Verg.: so [[auch]] fontes inducere viridi umbrā (im Gedichte), Verg. – b) der [[Köcher]], Stat. silv. 3, 4, 30. – c) der [[Bart]] [[oder]] die ersten Barthaare, Claud. nupt. Pall. et [[Celer]]. 42. Stat. Theb. 4, 336. – u. das [[Haupthaar]], Petron. 109, 9. – d) [[jeder]] schattige [[Ort]], Pompëia, [[Halle]], [[Galerie]] ([[porticus]]), Ov.: tonsoris, [[Bude]], [[Stube]], Hor.: [[rhetorica]], Rhetorschule, Iuven. – umbrae = schattige Laubhütten, Paul. ex [[Fest]]. 377, 4. – 2) = [[εἴδωλον]], [[φάσμα]], der [[Schatten]], die Schattengestalt, das [[Schattenbild]], a) übh.: umbrae hominum, Liv. 21, 40, 9: [[tenuis]], luftiger Schemen, Verg. Aen. 10, 636: umbrae ex hostibus, Schreckbilder, die [[von]] den F. [[ausgehen]], ibid. 10, 593. – b) das [[Schattenbild]] eines Verstorbenen, der [[Schatten]], der [[Geist]], die [[Seele]], Pauli, Sil.: [[tricorpor]], Verg.: Plur., umbrae, Tibull., Verg. u. Plin.: umbris exagitari, v. Geistern, Gespenstern, Suet.: umbrae silentes, [[Schatten]], [[Unterwelt]], Verg.: umbrarum [[dominus]] od. [[rex]], [[Pluto]], Ov.: [[ire]] per umbras, in die [[Unterwelt]] [[gehen]], [[sterben]], Vitr.: per umbram, per umbras, im Orkus, Ov. – Plur. umbrae vom [[Schatten]] eines Verstorbenen, ucm [[species]] et umbrae insontis interempti filii agitarent, Liv.: matris agitari umbris, Ov.: [[omnia]] Deiphobo solvisti et funeris umbris, Verg. – 3) [[ein]] [[Fisch]], [[sonst]] [[sciaena]] [[gen]]., die Äsche (Salmo Thymallus, L.), [[Varro]] LL. 5, 77. Ov. hal. 111. Colum. 8, 16, 8. [[Auson]]. Mos. 90.

}}