λανθάνω: Difference between revisions

|etymtx=Grammatical information: v.<br />Meaning: <b class="b2">keep somebody unaware, escape notice, be unknown, unnoted; make somebody forget something</b>, midd. <b class="b2">forget, </b> (details on the use of the forms in Schwyzer 699 a. 748).<br />Other forms: [[λήθω]] (<b class="b3">ληθάνω η</b> 221), aor. [[λαθεῖν]], [[λελαθεῖν]], <b class="b3">-έσθαι</b> (<b class="b3">ἐπι-λῆσαι υ</b> 85), fut. [[λήσω]] (Il.), perf. [[λέληθα]] (IA.), midd. [[λέλασμαι]] (Hom.), [[λέλησμαι]] (Att.), late aor. [[λήσασθαι]], [[λησθῆναι]], Dor. Aeol. [[λάθω]], [[λάσω]], [[λᾶσαι]], [[λέλαθα]].<br />Compounds: also with prefix. esp. <b class="b3">ἐπι-</b>.<br />Derivatives: A. from [[λαθεῖν]]. <b class="b3">-έσθαι</b>: 1. [[λάθρη]], <b class="b3">-α</b> adv. [[secretly]] (Il.; [[λάθρα]] h. Cer. 240) with [[λαθραῖος]] [[secret]] (IA.). [[λάθριος]] (S. Ichn. 66 [lyr.], hell.), <b class="b3">-ίδιος</b>, <b class="b3">-ιμαῖος</b> (late) <b class="b2">id.</b>; adv. <b class="b3">λαθρά-δαν</b> (Corinn.; like <b class="b3">κρυφά-δαν</b>), <b class="b3">λαθρη-δόν</b>, <b class="b3">-δά</b>, <b class="b3">-δίς</b> (late); as 1. member <b class="b3">λαθρο-</b>, e.g. <b class="b3">λαθρό-νυμφος</b> [[secretly married]] (Lyc.), for the older variant <b class="b3">λαθι-</b>, e. g. <b class="b3">λαθι-κηδής</b> (X 83), prop. "at which the sorrows remain hidden" but also with the verb directly associated: [[making sorrows forgotten]] (s. Schwyzer 447, Bechtel Lex. s. v.); cf. <b class="b3">λαθι-</b> s. C. - 2. [[λαθητικός]] [[who avoids notice]] (Arist.; [[λάθησις]] sch. Gen. A 36); 3. [[λάθος]] n. [[forgetfulness]] (NGr. for <b class="b3">*λῆθος</b>, [[λᾶθος]] s. B.). - B. From [[λήθειν]]: 1. [[λήθη]], Dor. [[λάθα]] [[forgetfulness]] (Β 33; cf. Porzig Satzinhalte 233) with [[ληθαῖος]] [[making forgotten]], [[forgetful]] (Call., Lyc.), also [[ληθήμων]], [[ληθώδης]], [[λήθιος]] (H.). 2. [[λᾶθος]] n. = [[λήθη]] (Theoc.); [[λαθοσύνα]] f. <b class="b2">id.</b> (E. IT 1279, uncertain, cf. Wyss <b class="b3">-συνη</b> 42). 3. [[ληθεδών]], <b class="b3">-όνος</b> f. <b class="b2">id.</b> (AP, APl.) with [[ληθεδανός]] = [[ληθαῖος]] (Luc.); Chantraine Form. 361 f. 4. <b class="b3">ἔκ-λη-σις</b> (ω 485), <b class="b3">ἐπί-λα-σις</b> (Pi. P. 1, 46) [[forgetting]], from <b class="b3">ἐκ-</b>, <b class="b3">ἐπι-λήθειν</b>; besides from the simplex the typologically older <b class="b3">λῆσ-τις</b> <b class="b2">id.</b> (S., E.); Schwyzer 504, Chantraine 276, Holt Les noms d'action en <b class="b3">-σις</b> 36 f., Porzig Satzinhalte 196. -- 5. <b class="b3">λήσ-μων</b> [[forgeting]], [[forgetful]] (Them.) with [[λησμοσύνη]] (Hes. Th. 55; after [[μνημοσύνη]]; also S. Ant. 151); <b class="b3">ἐπιλήσ-μων</b> <b class="b2">id.</b> (Att.) with <b class="b3">ἐπιλησμον-ή</b>, <b class="b3">-μοσύνη</b> (Crat., LXX), <b class="b3">ἐπιλησμον-έω</b>, <b class="b3">λησμον-έω</b> (M.- a. NGr.); details in Georgacas Glotta 36, 167f. (not always correct). - C. As 1.member in verbal governing compp.: 1. <b class="b3">λησί-μβροτος</b> [[taking men unawares]], [[deceiver]] (h. Merc.; Zumbach Neuerungen 24); 2. <b class="b3">λαθί-πονος</b> <b class="b2">forgetting (making forgotten) sorrows</b> (S.; cross with <b class="b3">λαθι-</b>; Schwyzer 444); 3. <b class="b3">λαθ-άνεμος</b> [[escaping the wind]] (Simon.).<br />Origin: IE [Indo-European] [651] <b class="b2">*leh₂-</b> [[be unnoticed]], [[hidden]]<br />Etymology: On [[ἀληθής]], [[λήθαργος]] s. vv.; cf. also [[ἄλαστος]]. As basis of the Greek system serves the present [[λήθω]], [[λάθω]]; beside this stands from the beginning the thematic zero grade aorist [[λαθεῖν]] and [[λελαθεῖν]], <b class="b3">-έσθαι</b> with the perf. midd. [[λέλασμαι]] and isolated nominal derivv., esp. the couple <b class="b3">λάθ-ρα</b>: <b class="b3">λαθ-ι-</b> (Schwyzer 447 f.); also the nasalpresent <b class="b3">λα-ν-θ-άνω</b> (beside [[λήθω]] which is in Hom. better attested) is perhaps an innovation (after [[μαθεῖν]]: [[μανθάνω]]?; Kuiper Nasalpräs. 156). -As in [[πύθω]] (:[[πύος]]), [[βρίθω]] (: [[βριαρός]]) also in [[λήθω]] the <b class="b3">-θ-</b> can be isolated as an added (present) element; a dentalless form seems indeed found in <b class="b3">λῃ̃το ἐπελάθετο</b> (beside <b class="b3">λήιτο ἐπε</b><[[λά]]>[[θετο]]) H. (on <b class="b3">-ι-</b> s. below). Thus connection with the synonymous Lat. [[la-t-eō]] [[be hidden]] becomes probable (cf. for the formation the opposite [[pat-eō]]; s. also on [[δατέομαι]]). - Other combinations are because of the meaning either very uncertain or wrong: Toch. A <b class="b2">lä(n)t-</b>, B [[lät-]], [[lant-]] [[go out]] (Pedersen Tocharisch 173), Slav.: OCS [[lajati]] [[ἐνεδρεύειν]]', Tchech. [[lákati]] [[persecute]] (hard to separate from identical verbs meaning [[ὑλακτεῖν]]' resp. [[desire]]; Germ. nouns as OWNo. [[lōmr]] [[treason]], [[deceit]], OHG [[luog]] [[hole]], [[lair]]. - For an original long diphthong [[lāi-]] are both [[λαίθαργος]] (which is Pre-Greek, s. v.) and <b class="b3">λῃ̃το</b> unreliable evidence; can <b class="b3">λῃ̃το</b> be from <b class="b2">*l̥h₂-to</b>? - On [[Λητώ]] s. v. - Further forms in Pok. 651, W.-Hofmann s. [[lateō]].