οἴαξ: Difference between revisions

|etymtx=[[ακος]]<br />Grammatical information: m.<br />Meaning: <b class="b2">handle (bar) of the rudder, rudder</b> (trag., Pl.), [[οἴηκες]] pl. name of a apparatus on the yoke ('handle'?, [[eyes]]?; Ω 269).<br />Other forms: ion. <b class="b3">-ηξ</b>, <b class="b3">-ηκος</b>.<br />Compounds: As 1. member e.g. in <b class="b3">οἰακο-νόμος</b> m. [[steersman]] (A. in lyr.; cf. Sommer Nominalkomp. 166), as 2. member in <b class="b3">κερ-οίακες</b> (from <b class="b3">κερα(ι)-οίακες</b>) pl. [[rigging of the yardarm]]? (Luc. Nav. 4).<br />Derivatives: Dimin. [[οἰάκιον]] (Eust.); adv. <b class="b3">οἰακ-ηδόν</b> [[after the mannar of an οἴαξ]] (A.D.); denom. <b class="b3">οἰακ-ίζω</b> (<b class="b3">-η-</b>) [[to pilot]], [[to steer]] (ion. att.) with <b class="b3">-ισμα</b> [[steering]] (Trag. Adesp.), <b class="b3">-ιστής</b> (Suid.); <b class="b3">οἰάκ-ωσις</b> [[steering]] (Aq.), from <b class="b3">*οἰακ-όω</b> or directly from noun (cf. Chantraine Form. 279). -- Besides [[οἰήϊον]] n. [[rudder]] (Hom.).<br />Origin: IE [Indo-European]X [probably] [to be added] ([[ois-ak-]], [[h₃eis-]] <b class="b2">bar?</b><br />Etymology: Instrument-name formed like [[πόρπᾶξ]], [[τρόπηξ]], resp. [[λαισήϊον]], [[ἐργαλήϊον]] a.o. (Chantraine 381 a. 60 f.). The basis of the Greek words was an old noun with unknown stem; an [[ā-]]stem <b class="b2">*oisā-</b> is possible, nut not necessary. The noun seems preserved as Balt. LW [loanword] in Finnougr., e.g. Finn. [[aisa]] <b class="b2">bar of the forked pole (thill)</b> from Balt. <b class="b2">*aisō</b> or <b class="b2">*aisa-</b> (IE <b class="b2">*oisā-</b>, <b class="b2">*oiso-</b>). The Balt. word is again based on a Slav. [[s-]]stem, e.g. Sloven. [[ojê]], [[ojês-a]] <b class="b2">(carriage) pole</b> (further Slav. forms in Vasmer s.<b class="b2">vojé</b>), IE. <b class="b2">*oio</b> / [[es-]] n. Besides with zero grade, also lengthened, Skt. <b class="b2">īṣ-ā́</b> f. [[pole]], from which as LW [loanword] Hitt. [[hišša-]]'pole' (s. Kronasser Etymologie 144 against Kammenhuber; borrowing is also denied by Benveniste Hitt. et i.-eur. 13f.). Further combinations, for Greek unimportant, in WP. 1, 167 and Pok. 298 (after Lidén Stud. 60ff., Specht Ursprung 101). -- To be rejected Dumézil BSL 39, 192f. On the meaning of [[οἴαξ]] Meringer WuS 5, 89 ff, Hermann Gött. Nachr. 1943, 7 f.; the connection with a ship is a Greek innovation, cf. on [[ἱστός]]. -- Ngr. [[δοιάκι]] (Schwyzer KZ 63, 62). - The suffix <b class="b3">-ακ-</b> rather suggests a Pre-Greek word (which the language may have adapted to nautical use).