συναγωγή: Difference between revisions

|txtha=συναγωγῆς, ἡ ([[συνάγω]]), the Sept. for קָהָל and [[very]] [[often]] for עֵדָה. In Greek writings a [[bringing]] [[together]], [[gathering]] (as of fruits), a contracting; an assembling [[together]] of men. In the N. T.<br /><b class="num">1.</b> an [[assembly]] of men: τοῦ Σατανᾶ, whom Satan governs, a synagogue, i. e., a. "an [[assembly]] of Jews [[formally]] gathered [[together]] to [[offer]] [[prayer]] and [[listen]] to the [[reading]] and [[exposition]] of the Holy Scriptures"; assemblies of the [[sort]] were held [[every]] sabbath and [[feast]]-[[day]], afterward [[also]] on the [[second]] and [[fifth]] days of [[every]] week ([[see]] references [[below]]): Epiphanius haer. 30,18 says of the Jewish Christians συναγωγήν [[οὗτοι]] καλουσι [[τήν]] ἑαυτῶν ἐκκλησίαν καί [[οὐχί]] ἐκκλησίαν (cf. Lightfoot on Philippians, p. 192)); (cf. Trench, Synonyms, § 1, and [[especially]] Harnack's [[elaborate]] [[note]] on Hermas, mand. 11,9 [ET] ([[less]] [[fully]] and [[accurately]] in Hilgenfeld's Zeitschr. f. wiss. Theol. for 1876, p. 102ff) [[respecting]] the [[use]] of the [[word]] by the [[church]] Fathers of the 2nd, 3rd, and 4th centuries; cf. Hilgenfeld's comments on the [[same]] in his 'Hermae Pastor', edition alt., p. 183 f).<br /><b class="num">b.</b> the [[building]] [[where]] those [[solemn]] Jewish assemblies are held ([[Hebrew]] הַכְּנֶסֶת בֵּית, i. e. 'the [[house]] of [[assembly]]'). Synagogues [[seem]] to [[date]] [[their]] [[origin]] from the Babylonian [[exile]]. In the [[time]] of Jesus and the apostles [[every]] [[town]], [[not]] [[only]] in [[Palestine]] [[but]] [[also]] [[among]] the Gentiles if it contained a [[considerable]] [[number]] of Jewish inhabitants, had at [[least]] [[one]] synagogue, the larger towns [[several]] or [[even]] [[many]]. That the Jews held trials and [[even]] inflicted punishments in [[them]], is [[evident]] from [[such]] passages as G L T Tr WH) [[singular]] has an [[indefinite]] or generic [[force]] (R. V. [[text]] in synagogues)); Josephus, Antiquities 19,6, 3; b. j. 2,14, 4. (5; 7,3, 8; [[Philo]], qued omn. prob. [[book]] § 12)). Cf. Winer s RWB, [[under]] the [[word]] Synagogen; Leyrer in Herzog edition 1, xv., p. 299ff; Schürer, N. T. Zeitgesch. § 27 ([[especially]] ii.); Kneucker in Schenkel v., p. 443 f; (Hamburger, Real-Encycl. ii, p. 1142ff; Ginsburg in Alex.'s Kitto, [[under]] the [[word]] Synagogue; Edersheim, Jesus the Messiah, [[book]] iii, [[chapter]] x.).