βίος: Difference between revisions

|Definition=[ῐ], ὁ,<br><span class="bld">A</span> [[life]], i.e. not [[animal]] [[life]] ([[ζωή]]), but [[mode of life]] (cf. εἰ χρόνον τις λέγοι ψυχῆς ἐν κινήσει μετα βατικῇ ἐξ ἄλλου εἰς ἄλλον βίον ζωὴν εἶναι Plot.3.7.11), [[manner of living]] (mostly therefore of men, v. Ammon. p.32 V.; but also of animals, διεχώριζον ζῴων τε βίον δένδρων τε φύσιν Epicr.11.14, cf. [[Xenophon|X.]]''[[Memorabilia|Mem.]]''3.11.6, etc.; also [[ζῆν]] φυτοῦ βίον Arist. ''GA''736b13); ζώεις δ' ἀγαθὸν βίον Od. 15.491; ἐμὸν βίον [[ἀμφιπολεύω|ἀμφιπολεύειν]] 18.254; αἰῶνα βίοιο Hes.''Fr.''161; τὸν μακρὸν [[τείνειν]] βίον A.''Pr.''537 (lyr.); ὁ καθ' ἡμέραν β. S.''OC''1364; βίον διαγαγεῖν Ar.''Pax'' 439; [[τελεῖν]] S.''Ant.''1114; [[διατελεῖν]] Isoc.6.45; <b class="b3">διέρχεσθαι βίου τέλος</b> dub.in Pi.''I.''4(3).5; [[τελευτᾶν]] Isoc.4.84; ὑπ' ἄλλου τελευτῆσαι β. Pl.''Lg.''870e; ἐπειδὰν τοῦ ἀνθρωπίνου βίου τελευτήσω [[Xenophon|X.]]''[[Cyropaedia|Cyr.]]''8.7.17; τέρμα βίου περᾶν [[Sophocles|S.]]''[[Oedipus Tyrannus|OT]]''1530; ὁδὸς βίου Isoc.1.5, cf. [[Xenophon|X.]]''[[Memorabilia|Mem.]]''2.1.21; διὰ βίου Arist.''Pol.''1272a37; [[proverb|prov.]], [[ὁ ἐπὶ Κρόνου βίος]] '[[the Golden Age]]', Id.''Ath.''16.7; so [[Ταρτησσοῦ βίος]] = [[life of Tartessos]], [[life of Riley]] Him.''Ecl.''10.11; βίος ζωῆς Pl.''Epin.''982a (cf. [[βιοτή]]); ζῆν θαλάττιον βίον Antiph.100; ἀμέριμνον ζῆν β. Philem.92.8; λαγὼ β. ζῆν δεδιὼς καὶ τρέμων D.18.263; σκληρὸς τῷ β. Men.''Georg.''66: rarely in plural, Alex.116.6 and ''ΙΙ'', Men.855; <b class="b3">τίνες καὶ πόσοι εἰσὶ βίοι</b>; Pl.''Lg.''733d, cf. [[Aristotle|Arist.]]''[[Nicomachean Ethics|EN]]''1095b15, ''Pol.''1256a20.<br><span class="bld">2</span> in Poets sometimes = [[ζωή]], βίον ἐκπνέων A.''Ag.''1517 (lyr.); [[ἀποψύχειν]] [[Sophocles|S.]]''[[Ajax|Aj.]]''1031; [[φείδεσθαι]] βίου Id.''Ph.''749; [[νοσφίζω|νοσφίζειν]] τινὰ βίου ib.1427, etc.<br><span class="bld">3</span> [[lifetime]], ἐς τὸν ἅπαντα ἀνθρώπων βίον [[Herodotus|Hdt.]]6.109; τῶν ἐπὶ τοῦ σοῦ βίου γεγονότων λόγων = of all the [[discourse]]s produced during your [[lifetime]] Pl.''Phdr.'' 242a, cf. ''PMagd.''18.7 (iii B. C.), etc.<br><span class="bld">II</span> [[livelihood]], [[means of living]] (in Hom. [[βίοτος]]), βίος [[ἐπηετανός]] Hes.''Op.''31, Pi.''N.''6.10; [[τὸν βίον κτᾶσθαι ἀπό τινος]], [[τὸν βίον ποιεῖσθαι ἀπό τινος]], [[τὸν βίον ἔχειν ἀπό τινος]], to [[make one's living off]], to [[live by a thing]], [[Herodotus|Hdt.]]8.106, Th.1.5, X.''Oec.''6.11; ἀπεστέρηκας τὸν βίον τὰ τόξ' ἑλών S.''Ph.''931, cf. 933, 1282; [[κτᾶσθαι]] [[πλοῦτος|πλοῦτον]] καὶ βίον τέκνοις E. ''Supp.''450; πλείον' [[ἐκμοχθεῖν]] βίον ib.451; βίος [[πολύς]] ib.861; βίος [[ὀλίγος]] Ar. ''Pl.''751; βίον κεκτημένος Philem.99.4; [[ὁ ἴδιος βίος]] = [[private]] [[property]], ''AJA''17.29 (i B. C.), cf. ''SIG''762.40, Iamb.''VP''30.170; [[βίος Δημήτριος]] = [[corn]], A.''Fr.''44.<br><span class="bld">III</span> [[the world we live in]], '[[the world]]', <b class="b3">οἱ ἀπὸ τοῦ βίου</b>, opp. the [[philosopher]]s, S.E.''M.''11.49; simply ὁ βίος Id.''P.''1.211; ὁ βίος ὁ [[κοινός]] ib. 237; μυθικὰς ὑποθέσεις ὧν μεστὸς ὁ βίος ἐστί Ph.1.226; [[ἐκκαθαίρειν]] τὸν βίον, of [[Hercules]], Luc.''DDeor.''13.1; <b class="b3">τὸν βίον μιμούμενοι</b>, of [[comic]] [[poet]]s, Sch. Heph.p.115C.; also, 'the public', ἵνα ὁ βίος εἰδῇ τίνα δεῖ [[μετακαλέω|μετακαλεῖσθαι]] Sor.1.4.<br><span class="bld">IV</span> [[settled life]], almost, = [[abode]], ἐν τῇ Θρᾳκίᾳ νήσῳ βίους ἱδρύσαντο D.H.1.68, cf. 72.<br><span class="bld">V</span> a [[life]], [[biography]], as those of Plu., ''Thes.''1, cf. Ph.2.180.<br><span class="bld">VI</span> [[caste]], διεῖλε τὸ πλῆθος εἰς τέτταρας β. Str.8.7.1.<br><span class="bld">VII</span> [[wine made from partly dried unripe grapes]], Plin.''HN''14.77.<br><span class="bld">VIII</span> Astrol., [[the second region]], Paul.Al.''L.''2. (Cf. Skt. jīv´s 'alive', jī́vati 'live', Lat. [[vivus]], etc.)