χρέος: Difference between revisions

|Definition=τό Ep. [[χρεῖος]] Hom. (who also uses [[χρέος]], but only in Od., v. infr. 1.1): Att. [[χρέως]] Phryn.370, Moeris p.403 P., Choerob.''in Theod.''1.360H. (and this form appears in codd. of D.25.69, 33.24, 38.14, 40.37, 42.5; but [[χρέος]] in Pl.''Plt.''267a, ''Lg.''958b): gen.<br><span class="bld">A</span> χρείους E.''IA''373 (troch., [[si vera lectio|s. v.l.]]), χρέους Lys.17.5 codd., χρέως D.49.18 (and so Choerob.l.c.); no dat. occurs in Ep. forms:—pl., nom. and acc. χρέᾰ Hes.''Op.''647, χρέᾱ Ar.''Nu.''39, 443 (anap.), cf. Isoc.21.13, Pl.''Lg.'' 684e, etc.; Arc. [[χρήατα]] (but ''Schwyzer'' [665] <b class="b3">χρῆα τά</b>) ''IG''5(2).343.20, 27 (Orchom., iv B. C.); gen. χρεῶν Ar.''Nu.''13,117, Pl.''R.''566a, etc.; Ep. [[χρειῶν]] Hes.''Op.''404 ([[χρεέων]] cj. Rzach); Ep. dat. χρέεσι Man. 4.135; χρήεσσι A.R.3.1198: ([[χράομαι]], [[χρή]]):<br><span class="bld">I</span> [[that which one needs must pay]], [[obligation]], [[debt]], [[Ἄρης]] . . χρέος καὶ δεσμὸν ἀλύξας Od. 8.353, cf. 355; <b class="b3">χρεῖος ἀποστήσασθαι</b>, i.e. [[pay]] [[it]] in [[full]], Il.13.746: especially of the [[obligation]] to [[restore]] or [[pay]] for '[[lift]]ed' [[cattle]] and [[plunder]], so the [[herald]]s of the [[Pylian]]s [[summon]]ed to [[share]] in [[booty]] all <b class="b3">οἷσι χρεῖος ὀφείλετ'· . . πολέσιν γὰρ Ἐπειοὶ χρεῖος ὄφειλον</b> (where Sch. A, <b class="b3">τὰ περιελασθέντα ἐκ τῆς Πύλου ὑπὸ τῶν Ἐπειῶν θρέμματα χρέως καλεῖ</b>) Il. 11.686, cf. Od.3.367, 21.17; later simply, [[debt]], αὐτὸς ἔτεισε . . χρέος Thgn.205; <b class="b3">ἀρᾶς τίνει χρέος</b> pays the [[debt]] [[demand]]ed [[by]] the [[curse]], A.''Ag.'' 457 (lyr.); <b class="b3">μή τι πέρα χρέος . . πόλει προσάψῃς</b> [[debt]], i.e. [[guilt]], S.''OC''235 (lyr.); <b class="b3">χ. πράσσειν τινά</b> exact payment of a [[debt]] from one, Pi.''O.''3.7; <b class="b3">ἐμὸν καταίσχυνε χρέος</b> [[dishonoured]] my [[debt]], i.e. [[dishonour]]ed [[me]] for not [[pay]]ing my [[debt]], for not [[keep]]ing my [[promise]], ib.10(11).8; <b class="b3">τεὸν χρέος</b> the [[debt]] [[due]] to thee, Id.''P.''8.33: in Com. and Prose, <b class="b3">χρέος ἀποδιδόναι</b> [[repay]] a [[debt]], [[Herodotus|Hdt.]]2.136 (where also we have <b class="b3">χρέος διδόναι</b> to give a [[loan]], and <b class="b3">χρέος λαμβάνειν</b> to [[receive]] a [[loan]]), cf. Ar.''Nu.''117, Pl.''Plt.''267a; <b class="b3">ἔχω χρέος ὡς εἰπεῖν οὐδὲν ἀνδρὸς Ἕλληνος</b> I [[know]] of [[nothing]] [[that]] I [[owe]] to any [[man]] of [[Greece]], [[Herodotus|Hdt.]]3.140; χρέος [[ἀπαιτεῖν]] Plu.''Oth.''2; τὰ ὑπάρχοντα τῶν χρεῶν ἀνεῖσθαι Id.''Sol.''15; <b class="b3">τὸ ἐπὶ τὴν τράπεζαν χρέως</b> (''[[sc.]]'' [[ὀφειλόμενον]]) D.33.24; <b class="b3">ὢ καλὸν εἰς ἄλοχον θέμενος χρέος</b>, like [[χάριν θέσθαι]] (v. [[τίθημι]] A. 11.7 fin.), Epigr. in ''Arch.Pap.''1.220 (Ptolemaic); ἔχειν εἴς τι χρέος Plu.''Caes.''48: pl., [[debt]]s, Hes.''Op.''647, Ar.''Nu.''13, etc.; χρειῶν [[λύσις]] Hes.''Op.''404; χρέα ἀπολαβεῖν And.3.15; χρέα ἐπὶ τόκοις ὀφειλόμενα Is.11.42; <b class="b3">τὴν οὐσίαν ἅπασαν χρέα κατέλιπον</b> [[left]] all the [[property]] in [[outstanding]] [[debt]]s, D.38.7; <b class="b3">εἰσπραχθέντα χρέα</b> ibid.; <b class="b3">ἐκπληρῶσαι τὸ χρέος ἅπαν</b> [[pay]] [[it]], Pl.''Lg.''958b; τὸ χρέος διαλυέτω ''SIG''306.46 (Tegea, iv B. C.), cf. Plu.''Luc.''20 (Pass.); πρὸς τὰ χρέα [[ἀπάγεσθαι]] Plb.38.11.10, D.H.4.9:—cf. [[ἀποκοπή]].<br><span class="bld">2</span> metaph., [[the debt that all must pay]], [[fate]], [[death]], οὐκ ἔστι τὸ χρέος φυγεῖν Alciphr.1.25; τὸ τῆς ψυχῆς ἀπαιτηθεὶς χ. [[LXX]] ''Wi.''15.8; also ἂν μή τις θᾶττον ὡς χρέος ἀποδιδῷ τὸ ζην Pl.''Ax.''367b; <b class="b3">ὁπότε εἰς τὸν ἀέρα ἀναδράμῃ τὸ χρέος</b> (''[[sc.]]'' <b class="b3">ἡ ψυχή</b>, regarded as lent to the body) Vett.Val.330.33.<br><span class="bld">II</span> in Poets, [[business]], [[affair]], [[matter]], ἑὸν αὐτοῦ χρεῖος ἐελδόμενος Od.1.409, cf. 2.45; <b class="b3">χρέος πᾶν ἐπικραίνεις</b>, of Pelasgos, A.''Supp.''374 (lyr.); [[purpose]], [[object]], <b class="b3">εἰ μὲν γὰρ ὑμῖν μὴ τόδ' ἐκπράξω χρέος</b> ib.472, cf. [[Sophocles|S.]]''[[Oedipus Tyrannus|OT]]'' 156 (lyr.); πᾶν ὃ θέλεις . . χ. ἐκτετέλεσται Theoc.25.53: c. gen., <b class="b3">σὸν οὐκ ἔλασσον ἢ κείνης χρέος</b> your [[affair]], E.''Hec.''892.<br><span class="bld">2</span> almost = [[χρῆμα]], [[thing]], [[τί χρέος]]; = [[what is the matter]]?, [[τί χρῆμα]]; A.''Ag.''85 (anap.), E.''Heracl.''95 (lyr.), cf. S.''OC''251 (lyr.); ἐφ' ὅ τι χ. ἐμόλετε E.''Or.''150 (lyr); τί χ. ἔβα δωμα; Id.''Fr.''1011 (lyr.); τί καινὸν ἦλθε δώμασιν χ.; Id.''HF''530, cf. Ar. ''Nu.''30 (with play on signf.''1''), Theoc.24.66.<br><span class="bld">3</span> <b class="b3">ἐλάφους, μέγα τι χρέος</b> (cf. [[χρῆμα]] II.3) Call.''Dian.''100.<br><span class="bld">III</span> in Od.11.479, <b class="b3">ἦλθον Τειρεσίαο κατὰ χρέος</b> seems to be = Τειρεσίᾳ [[χρησόμενος]] (10.492) to [[consult]] him.<br><span class="bld">2</span> elsewhere [[κατὰ χρέος]] means [[according to what is needful]], [[in due fashion]], ''h.Merc.''138, A.R.3.189, Arat.343.<br><span class="bld">IV</span> [[duty]], [[task]], [[charge]], [[office]], ἦλθε τωὔτ' ἐπὶ χρέος Pi.''O.''1.45, cf. 7.40; οἷς τόδ' ἦν χρέος A.''Pers.''777, cf. ''Th.''20; τὸ σὸν μελέσθω . . φρουρῆσαι χρέος S.''El.''74, cf. E.''Or.''1253 (lyr.), ''IT''883 (lyr.).<br><span class="bld">V</span> <b class="b3">τὸ συνδρῶν χρέος</b> the [[circumstance]] of being an [[accomplice]], E.''Andr.''337.<br><span class="bld">VI</span> anything [[useful]] or [[serviceable]], χρεῶν χρηΐζοντι μετάδοσιν ποιήσασθαι Hp.Jusj.; <b class="b3">δέκα στατῆρανς καταστασεῖ, τῶ δὲ χρήϊος</b>( = [[χρέους]]) διπλεῖ ὄτι κ' ὀ δικαστὰς ὀμόσει συνεσσάκσαι ''Leg.Gort.''3.14, cf. 11, ''GDI''5100.11 (Malla).<br><span class="bld">2</span> [[value]], [[validity]], <b class="b3">μηδὲν ἐς χρῆος</b> (or [[μηδὲν ἐς χρέος]]) <b class="b3"> ἤμην τὰν δόσιν</b> the gift shall be of no [[value]], i.e. [[invalid]], ''Leg.Gort.''10.24, cf. 31.<br><span class="bld">VII</span> [[παρὰ χρέος]] = [[παραχρῆμα]], Call.''Aet.Oxy.''2080.14 (<b class="b3">παραχρῆμ'</b> ap.Stob.), Nic.''Al.''614 (prob. orig. = signf. VIII).<br><span class="bld">VIII</span> = [[χρεία]], [[χρεώ]], [[need]], <b class="b3">τί δ', ὦ τάλας, σε τοῦδ' ἔχει πλέκους χρέος;</b> Answ. χρέος μὲν οὐδέν, βούλομαι δ' ὅμως λαβεῖν [[Aristophanes|Ar.]]''[[Acharnians|Ach.]]''454, cf. Bion ''Fr.''2.2.