συγγενής: Difference between revisions

|Definition=συγγενές,<br><span class="bld">A</span> [[congenital]], [[inborn]], ἦθος Pi.''O.''13.13; [[εὐδοξία]] Id.''N.''3.40; συγγενὲς [[εἶδος]] = [[φύσις]], [[character]], Hp.''Hum.''1; νόσημα σ. ἐστί τινι Id.''Prorrh.''2.2; [[φόβος]] A.''Eu.''691; <b class="b3">παύροις.. ἐστι συγγενὲς τόδε</b> [[natural]] to them, Id.''Ag.''832; ἡ τύχη προσγίγνεθ' ἡμῖν σ. τῷ σώματι Philem.10; [[πότμος]] συγγενής Pi.''N.''5.40; <b class="b3">προϊδεῖν σ. οἷς ἕπεται</b> who have the [[natural]] [[gift]] to [[foresee]], ib.1.28; <b class="b3">συγγενεῖς μῆνες</b> my [[connate]] [[month]]s, the [[month]]s [[of my natural life]], [[Sophocles|S.]]''[[Oedipus Tyrannus|OT]]''1082; συγγενεῖς τρίχες = the [[hair]] [[born with one]], i.e. the hair of the [[head]] as opp. to the [[beard]], [[Aristotle|Arist.]]''[[Historia Animalium|HA]]''518a18, 584a24; [[σημεῖα συγγενῆ]] = [[birthmark]]s, ib.585b31; <b class="b3">δυνάμεις αἱ συγγενεῖς</b>, opp. <b class="b3">αἱ ἔθει</b> and <b class="b3">αἱ μαθήσει</b>, Id.''Metaph.''1047b31; <b class="b3">αὔξει τὸ συγγενές</b> = [[increase]]s its [[natural]] [[force]], Id.''EN''1119b9. Adv., [[συγγενῶς]] [[δύστηνος]] = [[miserable]] [[from his birth]], E.''HF''1293; v. [[σύμφυτος]].<br><span class="bld">II</span> [[of the same kin]], [[descent]], or [[family]], [[akin to]], τινι [[Herodotus|Hdt.]]1.109, 3.2, E.''Heracl.''229: abs., [[akin]], [[cognate]], θεός [[Aeschylus|A.]]''[[Prometheus Vinctus|Pr.]]''14; γυνή E.''Andr.''887; χείρ S.''OC''1387; <b class="b3">συγγενέστατον φύσει πάντων</b> [[most nearly akin]], Is.11.17; σ. γάμος ἀνεψιῶν [[Aeschylus|A.]]''[[Prometheus Vinctus|Pr.]]''855; of animals, [[Aristotle|Arist.]]''[[Historia Animalium|HA]]''539a23, ''GA''747a31, al.: hence,<br><span class="bld">b</span> Subst., [[kinsman]], [[relative]], οὖσα σ. ἐκείνου Ar.''Pax''618 (troch.); <b class="b3">τῆς ἐμῆς γυναικὸς ξυγγενεῖ</b> (dual) Id.''Av.''368 (troch.); πρὸς σ. τε καὶ οἰκείους αὐτῶν Pl.''R.''378c; ἔργον εὑρεῖν συγγενῆ πένητός ἐστιν Men.4; γάμει τὴν συγγενῆ Id.929: freq. in plural, [[οἱ συγγενεῖς]] = [[kinsfolk]], [[kinsmen]], Pi.''P.''4.133, [[Herodotus|Hdt.]]2.91, etc.; not properly applied to [[children]] ([[ἔκγονοι]]) in relation to their parents, and so opp. [[ἔκγονος|ἔκγονοι]] in Is.8.30, v. [[συγγένεια]] ''1'' (but cf. And.1.17); τοῖς συγγενέσι τὰ τοῦ συγγενοῦς [[ψηφίζεσθαι]] Is.4.23.<br><span class="bld">c</span> [[τὸ συγγενές]] = [[συγγένεια]], [[kindred]], [[relationship]], [[Aeschylus|A.]]''[[Prometheus Vinctus|Pr.]]''291 (anap.), S.''El.''1469, Th.3.82, etc.; also, [[the spirit of one's race]], Pi.''P.''10.12, ''N.''6.8; <b class="b3">εἰ τούτῳ προσήκει Λαΐῳ τι σ.</b> if he had any [[connection]] with him, [[Sophocles|S.]]''[[Oedipus Tyrannus|OT]]''814; of tribes, <b class="b3">κατὰ τὸ ξ.</b> Th.1.95.<br><span class="bld">2</span> metaph., [[akin]], [[cognate]], [[of like kind]], τοὺς τρόπους οὐ συγγενής [[Aristophanes|Ar.]]''[[The Knights|Eq.]]''1280 (troch.), cf. ''Th.''574; <b class="b3">ξυγγενὴς ὁ κύσθος αὐτῆς θητέρᾳ</b> (for <b class="b3">τῷ τῆς ἑτέρας</b>) Id.''Ach.''789; freq. in Pl., [ἡ ψυχὴ] σ. οὖσα τῷ θείῳ ''R.''611e; τῇ πολεμικῇ σ. ἡ [[πάλη]] ''Lg.''814d; τοῖς.. λόγοις τὴν αἰτίαν συγγενῆ δεῖ [[νομίζειν]] Arist.''GA''788b9, cf. ''Rh.''1398a21 (Comp.): rarely c. gen., <b class="b3">νοῦς αἰτίας σ.</b> Pl.''Phlb.''31a, cf. ''Phd.''79d, ''R.''403a, 487a: abs., συγγενὴς [[τιμωρία]]ι = [[fitting]], [[proper]] [[punishment]]s, Lycurg.122 (but prob. [[falsa lectio|f.l.]] for εὐγ-); συγγενῆ = [[things of the same kind]], [[homogeneous]], Arist. ''APo.''76a1; τὰ συγγενῆ καὶ τὰ ὁμοειδῆ Id.''Rh.''1405a35; σ. τέχναι ''Stoic.''2.30; ἐν γαίῃ μὲν [[σῶμα]] τὸ συγγενές = its [[congener]], IG9(1).882.7 (Corc†ra). Adv., [[συγγενῶς]] [[ἔρχεσθαι]] [[Plato|Pl.]]''[[Leges|Lg.]]''897c; σ. τρέχων Πλάτωνι Alex.1 (codd. D.L.); [[τὰ συγγενῶς εἰρημένα]] = [[to similar effect]], Phld.''Mus.'' p.92K.<br><span class="bld">III</span> [[συγγενής]] represented a title bestowed at the [[Persian]] [[court]] by the [[king]] as a [[mark]] of [[honour]], '[[cousin]]', [[Xenophon|X.]]''[[Cyropaedia|Cyr.]]''1.4.27, 2.2.31, D.S.16.50; also at the [[Ptolemaic]] and [[Seleucid]] [[court]]s, ''OGI''104.2 (Delos, ii B.C.), al., ''BGU''1741.12 (i B.C.), [[LXX]] ''1 Ma.''10.89; <b class="b3">οἱ συγγενεῖς τῶν κατοίκων ἱππέων</b> prob. a [[category]] of [[noble]]s among the [[κάτοικος|κάτοικοι]], ''PTeb.''61 (b). 79 (ii B.C.); συγγενεῖς κάτοικοι ''UPZ''14.8 (ii B.C.).