cornu: Difference between revisions

|lshtext=<b>cornū</b>: ūs (so Caes. B. C. 3, 68 Dint.; Luc. 7, 217; Plin. 28, 11, 46, § 163 et saep.; Curt. 4, 12, 11 al.; ū in the [[connection]] [[cornu]] bubuli and [[cornu]] cervini; also Cael. Aur. Tard. 3, 5, 76; Veg. Art. Vet. 1, 20, 1 al.; cf. esp. Neue, Formenl. 1, p. 355), n. ([[access]]. form [[cornum]], i, n., Varr. R. R. 3, 9, 14; Ter. Eun. 4, 7, 5 Fleck.; Lucr. 2, 388; Ov. M. 2, 874; Scrib. Comp. 141; Gell. 14, 6, 2 al.;<br /><b>I</b> gen. plur. cornorum, Scrib. Comp. 60. —An [[access]]. form [[cornus]], ūs, has been [[assumed]] on [[account]] of the rel. masc. in the [[passage]]: [[nares]] similes cornibus iis, qui, etc., Cic. N. D. 2, 59, 149, if the [[reading]] is [[correct]].—The dat. [[sing]]. [[apparently]] [[never]] used; for in the [[connection]]: laevo [[cornu]] [[Cotys]] rex praeerat ... dextro [[cornu]] [[praepositus]] C. [[Licinius]] [[Crassus]], Liv. 42, 58, 6 and 7, the [[supposition]] of the abl. is [[more]] in acc. [[with]] the [[usage]] of Livy; cf.: Antipatrum in laevo praeposuit, id. 37, 41, 1 et saep.) [[kindred]] [[with]] [[κέρας]], and Germ. and Engl. [[horn]]; cf. also [[carina]], [[cervus]], a [[horn]].<br /><b>I</b> Lit., a [[hard]] and [[generally]] [[crooked]] [[growth]] [[upon]] the [[head]] of [[many]] mammiferous animals ([[very]] freq. in all periods and [[species]] of [[composition]]), Plin. 11, 37, 45, § 123 sq.; Cic. N. D. 2, 47, 121; of a [[bullock]], Lucr. 5, 1033; 5, 1324; Cat. 64, 111; Ov. M. 9, 186; Hor. C. 3, 27, 72; id. S. 1, 5, 58 et saep.; also of the [[constellation]] [[Taurus]], Ov. M. 2, 80; of the [[ram]], id. ib. 5, 328; and the [[constellation]] Aries, Cic. poët. N. D. 2, 43, 111; of the he-[[goat]], Verg. E. 9, 25; of kids, id. G. 2, 526 al.—Of the antlers of a [[stag]], Ov. M. 3, 194; 10, 111; Verg. A. 10, 725 al.: Cornu Copiae (less correctly, [[but]] freq. in [[late]] Lat., as one [[word]], Cornūcōpĭae, and [[twice]] Cornūcōpĭa, ae, f., Amm. 22, 9, 1; 25, 2, 3), acc. to the [[fable]], the [[horn]] of the [[goat]] [[Amalthea]] placed in [[heaven]], Greek Κέρας Ἀμαλθείας (v. [[Amalthea]]), the [[emblem]] of [[fruitfulness]] and [[abundance]], Plaut. Ps. 2, 3, 5; Gell. 14, 6, 2; cf. Hor. C. 1, 17, 16; id. C. S. 60; id. Ep. 1, 12, 29; Ov. M. 9, 88.—<br />&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<b>B</b> [[Meton]]., of things [[similar]] to [[horn]] in [[substance]] or form, or made of [[horn]].<br />&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<b>1</b>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; That [[which]] is [[similar]] to [[horn]] in [[substance]].<br />&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<b>a</b> A [[hoof]], [[Cato]], R. R. 72; Verg. G. 3, 88; Sil. 13, 327.—<br />&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<b>b</b> Of the bills of birds, Ov. M. 14, 502.—<br />&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<b>c</b> The [[horny]] [[skin]] [[covering]] the [[eye]], Plin. 11, 37, 55, § 148.—<br />&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<b>d</b> A [[horny]] [[excrescence]] on the [[head]], a wart, Hor. S. 1, 5, 58.— Far [[more]] freq.,<br />&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<b>2</b>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; That [[which]] is [[similar]] to a [[horn]] in form, a projecting [[extremity]], the [[point]] or [[end]] of [[any]] [[object]].<br />&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<b>a</b> The [[tooth]] or [[tusk]] of an [[elephant]], [[ivory]], Varr. L. L. 7, § 39 Müll.; Plin. 8, 3, 4, § 7; 18, 1, 1, § 2: [[cornu]] Indicum, Mart. 1, 73, 4.—<br />&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<b>b</b> The horns of the [[moon]], Cic. Fragm. ap. Non. p. 122, 2; Verg. G. 1, 433; Ov. M. 1, 11; 2, 117 et saep.—<br />&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<b>c</b> The branches of a [[river]], Ov. M. 9, 774.—Hence, the [[river]]-gods were represented [[with]] horns, Verg. G. 4, 371; Mart. 10, 7 et saep.; cf.: [[corniger]], [[tauriformis]], etc., and v. Lidd. and Scott under [[κέρας]], V.—<br />&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<b>d</b> The [[arm]] of the [[shore]] forming a harbor, a [[tongue]] of [[land]], Caes. ap. Cic. Att. 9, 14, 1; Ov. M. 5, 410; Plin. 4, 21, 35, § 113.—<br />&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<b>e</b> The [[extremity]] or [[end]] of the sailyards, Verg. A. 3, 549; 5, 832; Ov. M. 11, 476; Hor. Epod. 16, 59; Sil. 14. 389.—<br />&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<b>f</b> The cone of a [[helmet]] in [[which]] the [[crest]] [[was]] placed: cornua cristae, Verg. A. 12, 89: alterum [[cornu]] galeae, Liv. 27, 33, 2.—<br /> The [[end]] of the [[stick]] [[around]] [[which]] books were rolled, [[usually]] ornamented [[with]] [[ivory]], Tib. 3, 1, 13; Ov. Tr. 1, 1, 8; Mart. 11, 107. —<br /> The [[side]] of a [[bow]] in the form of a [[horn]], Ov. M. 1, 455; 5, 56; 2, 603.—<br /> The [[horn]]-shaped [[side]] of the [[cithara]] (perh. the [[sounding]]-[[board]]), Cic. N. D. 2, 59, 149 fin.—<br /> The [[top]] or [[summit]] of a [[mountain]]: cornua Parnasi, Stat. Th. 5, 532; Curt. 3, 4, 4. —<br />&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<b>1</b>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; The [[point]], [[end]], [[extremity]], [[wing]] of a [[place]], Liv. 25, 3, 17; Tac. A. 1, 75; Plin. 34, 6, 12, § 26 al.—<br /> The [[wing]] of an [[army]] ([[very]] freq.), Caes. B. G. 1, 52 ([[three]] times); 2, 23; 2, 25; 7, 62 ([[twice]]); Liv. 9, 40, 3 sq([[seven]] times).—*<br />&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<b>(b)</b>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; Transf.: cornua disputationis tuae commovere, i. e. to [[drive]] [[back]], Cic. Div. 2, 10, 26 (v. the [[passage]] in [[connection]]).—<br /> The feeler or [[claw]] of an [[insect]], Plin. 9, 30, 50, § 95; 9, 31, 51, § 99 al. —<br /> The [[stiff]] [[hair]] of the Germans: [[quis]] stupuit [[Germani]] lumina, flavam Caesariem et [[madido]] torquentem cornua cirro? Juv. 13, 165.—<br />&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<b>3</b>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; Of objects made of [[horn]].<br />&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<b>a</b> A [[bow]], Verg. E. 10, 59; Ov. M. 5, 383; Sil. 2, 109 al.—<br />&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<b>b</b> A [[bugle]]-[[horn]], a [[horn]], [[trumpet]] (cornua, [[quod]] ea, quae [[nunc]] sunt ex aere, [[tunc]] fiebant [[bubulo]] e [[cornu]], Varr. L. L. 5, § 117 Müll.), Lucil. ap. Non. p. 265, 5; Lucr. 2, 620; Verg. A. 7, 615; Ov. M. 1, 98; 3, 533; Hor. C. 1, 18, 14; 2, 1, 17; Juv. 2, 90; 6, 315.—Connected [[with]] tubae, Cic. Sull. 5, 17; Tac. A. 1, 68; 2, 81, cf. Dict. of Antiq., s. v. [[cornu]].—In a [[sarcastic]] [[double]] [[sense]] [[with]] a.: dum tendit citharam [[noster]], dum cornua [[Parthus]], Poët. ap. Suet. Ner. 39 (v. the [[passage]] in [[connection]]).—<br />&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<b>c</b> The sides of the [[lyre]], [[originally]] consisting of [[two]] horns, giving [[resonance]] to the strings, Cic. N. D. 2, 57, 144; 2, 59, 149.—<br />&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<b>d</b> A [[lantern]], Plaut. Am. 1, 1, 185; cf. Lucr 2, 388; and Plin. 11, 16, 16, § 49.—<br />&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<b>e</b> An [[oil]] [[cruet]], Hor S. 2, 2, 61.—<br />&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<b>f</b> A [[funnel]], Verg. G. 3, 509; Col. 6, 2, 7 al.—<br /><b>II</b> Trop., as an [[emblem]] of [[power]], [[courage]], [[strength]], [[might]] (the [[figure]] taken from bullocks. Also in Heb. a [[very]] freq. metaph.; cf. Gesen. Lex. s. v. , p. 906, 6; [[poet]].): ne in re secundā [[nunc]] mi obvortat cornua, Plaut. Ps. 4, 3, 5: venerunt capiti cornua [[sera]] meo, Ov. Am. 3, 11,: [[tunc]] [[pauper]] cornua sumit, gains [[strength]], [[courage]], id. A. A. 1, 239; cf.. tu (sc. [[amphora]]) addis cornua pauperi, etc., Hor. C. 3, 21, 18.—Hence [[Bacchus]], as a [[giver]] of [[courage]], is represented [[with]] horns, Tib. 2, 1, 3; Hor. C. 2, 19, 30; v. [[Bacchus]], I.; cf. of a [[river]]-[[god]], I. B. 2. c. [[supra]].