ἀκούω: Difference between revisions

|Definition=<span class="bld">A</span> Ep. impf. ᾰκουον Il.12.442: fut. ἀκούσομαι (Act. [[ἀκούσω]] first in Hyp.''Epit.''34 [[si vera lectio|s.v.l.]], then in Lyc.378, 686, D.H.5.57, ''Ev.Matt.''12.19, etc.: aor. ἤκουσα, Ep. ᾰκουσα Il.24.223: pf. [[ἀκήκοα]], Lacon.ἄκουκα Plu.''Lyc.''20, ''Ages.''21; [[ἤκουκα]] is a late form, ''[[Oxyrhynchus Papyri|POxy.]]''237 vii 23 (ii A. D.); later Ion. [[ἀκήκουκα]] Herod.5.49: plpf. ἀκηκόειν [[Herodotus|Hdt.]]2.52, 7.208; ἠκηκόειν X.''Oec.''15.7; old Att. [[ἠκηκόη]] Ar.''V.''800, ''Pax''616, [[Plato|Pl.]]''[[Cratylus|Cra.]]'' 384b:—rare in Med., pres. (v. infr. 11.2): Ep. impf. ἀκούετο Il.4.331: aor. ἠκουσάμην Mosch.3.119:—Pass., fut. ἀκουσθήσομαι Pl. ''R.''507d: aor. ἠκούσθην Th.3.38, Luc.''Somn.''5: pf. ἤκουσμαι D.H. ''Rh.''11.10, Ps.-Luc.''Philopatr.''4; [[ἀκήκουσμαι]] is dub. in Luc.''Hist. Conscr.''49: plpf. ἤκουστο Anon. ap. Demetr.''Eloc.''217, (παρ-) J.''AJ''17.10.10. (<b class="b3">ἀ-κοϝ-</b>, cf. [[κοέω]]):—[[hear]], Hom., etc.: prop. c. acc. of thing heard, gen. of person from whom it is heard, ταῦτα Καλυψοῦς ἤκουσα Od.12.389, cf. [[Sophocles|S.]]''[[Oedipus Tyrannus|OT]]''43, etc.; gen. pers. freq. omitted, πάντ' ἀκήκοας λόγον Id.''Aj.''480, etc.; or the acc. rei, ἄκουε τοῦ θανόντος Id.''El.''792, cf. 793:—also c. gen. rei, [[φθογγῆς]], [[κτύπου]], [[hear]] it, Od.12.198 (as [[varia lectio|v.l.]]), 21.237; λόγων S.''OC''1187; once in Hom. in Med., ἀκούετο λαὸς ἀϋτῆς Il.4.331.<br><span class="bld">b</span> c. gen. objecti, [[hear of]], [[hear tell of]], ἀ. πατρός Od.4.114: freq. c. part., [[τεθνηῶτος]] (''[[sc.]]'' [[πατρός]]) ἀκούσῃς 1.289, etc.; but <b class="b3">εἰ.. πατρὸς νόστον ἀ.</b> ib.287; ἀ. περί τινος Od.19.270, cf. E.''IT''964, Isoc.5.72, [[Plato|Pl.]]''[[Republic|R.]]'' 358d, 358e; τι περί τινος X.''An.''7.7.30.<br><span class="bld">c</span> in Prose the pers. from whom thing is heard freq. takes Prep., <b class="b3">ἀ. τι ἀπό, ἐκ, παρά, πρός τινος</b>, first in Il.6.524, cf. [[Herodotus|Hdt.]]3.62, [[Sophocles|S.]]''[[Oedipus Tyrannus|OT]]''7,95, Th.1.125.<br><span class="bld">d</span> less freq. c. dupl. gen. pers. et rei, [[hear of]] a thing from a person, as Od.17.115, D.18.9.<br><span class="bld">e</span> with part. or inf. added, as <b class="b3">εἰ πτώσσοντας ὑφ' Ἕκτορι πάντας ἀκούσαι</b> should he [[hear]] that all are now crouching under Hector, Il.7.129, cf. [[Herodotus|Hdt.]]7.10.θ, [[Xenophon|X.]]''[[Cyropaedia|Cyr.]]''2.4.12, D.3.9; <b class="b3">ἀ. αὐτὸν ὄλβιον εἶναι</b> to [[hear]] [generally] that he is [[happy]], Il.24.543, cf. X.''An.''2.5.13, etc.:—also <b class="b3">ἀ. τινὰ ὅτι</b> or <b class="b3">ὡς, Ἀτρεΐδην ἀκοετε ὡς</b>.. Od.3.193; <b class="b3">τὸν Δαίδαλον οὐκ ἀκήκοας, ὁτι</b>..; [[Xenophon|X.]]''[[Memorabilia|Mem.]]''4.2.33; ἀ. οὕνεκα S.''OC''33.<br><span class="bld">f</span> c. gen. et part., to [[express]] [[what]] one [[actually]] [[hear]]s from a person, ταῦτ'.. ἤκουον σαφῶς Ὀδυσσέως λέγοντος S. ''Ph.''595; <b class="b3">ἀ. τινὸς λέγοντος, διαλεγομένου</b>, [[Plato|Pl.]]''[[Protagoras|Prt.]]'' 320b, [[Xenophon|X.]]''[[Memorabilia|Mem.]]''2.4.1: rarely c. acc. et part., S.''Ph.''614.<br><span class="bld">2</span> [[know by hearsay]], ἔξοιδ' ἀκούων [[Sophocles|S.]]''[[Oedipus Tyrannus|OT]]''105: pres. is used like a pf., νῆσός τις Συρίη κικλήσκεται, εἴ που ἀκούεις Od.15.403, cf. 3.193; in Prose, [[Plato|Pl.]]''[[Gorgias|Grg.]]'' 503c, Luc. ''Gall.''13.<br><span class="bld">3</span> abs., [[hearken]], [[give ear]], especially in proclamations, <b class="b3">ἀκούετε λεῴ</b> [[oyez]]! [[oyez]]! Susar.''1'', etc.: for [[Sophocles|S.]]''[[Oedipus Tyrannus|OT]]''1386 v. [[πηγή]] 2.<br><span class="bld">4</span> <b class="b3">οἱ ἀκούοντες</b> [[readers of a book]], Plb.1.13.6, al.<br><span class="bld">II</span> [[listen to]], [[give ear to]], c. gen., Il.1.381, etc.: metaph., Φωκυλίδου οὐκ ἀκούεις; [[Plato|Pl.]]''[[Republic|R.]]'' 407a: rarely c. dat., ἀ. ἀνέρι κηδομένῳ Il.16.515 (in S.''El.''227 [[τίνι]] is Eth. dat.): with [[genitive]] of part. after dat., <b class="b3">ὅττι οἱ ὦκ' ἤκουσε.. θεὸς εὐξαμένοιο</b> ib.531.<br><span class="bld">2</span> [[obey]], [[βασιλῆος]], [[θεοῦ]], Il.19.256, Od.7.11:—Med., <b class="b3">Λεωφίλου δ' ἀκούεται [πάντα]</b> Archil.64.<br><span class="bld">3</span> [[hear and understand]], κλύοντες οὐκ ἤκουον [[Aeschylus|A.]]''[[Prometheus Vinctus|Pr.]]''448, cf. ''Ch.''5, Ar.''Ra.''1173; τὸ μὴ πάντας πάντων ἀκούειν S.E.''M.''1.37.<br><span class="bld">4</span> to [[be a pupil of]], c. gen., D.L.9.21.<br><span class="bld">III</span> after Hom., serving as Pass. to [[λέγειν]], [[hear oneself called]], [[be called]], like Lat. [[audire]], εἴπερ ὄρθ' ἀκούεις, Ζεῦ [[Sophocles|S.]]''[[Oedipus Tyrannus|OT]]''903 (cf. A.''Ag.'' 161); freq. with [[εὖ]] and [[κακῶς]], κακῶς ἀκούω ὑπό τινος = to [[be ill spoken of by one]]; πρός τινος [[Herodotus|Hdt.]]7.16.<b class="b3">ά; περί τινος</b> for a thing, Id.6.86.<b class="b3">ά; ἄμεινον, ἄριστα ἀ.</b>, [[Herodotus|Hdt.]]2.173,8.93, cf. S.''Ph.''1313, Antipho 5.75, etc.<br><span class="bld">2</span> with nom. of subject, <b class="b3">ἀκούειν κακός, ἀκούειν καλός</b>, S.''OC''988, Pl.''Ly.''207a; νῦν κόλακες καὶ θεοῖς ἐχθροὶ.. ἀκούουσι D.18.46, etc.; ἔχαιρε ἀκούων Αἰετὸς ὁ Πύρρος Ael.''NA''7.45; later in Pass. in this sense, [[Nonnus Epicus|Nonn.]] ''[[Dionysiaca|D.]]'' 21.220,al.<br><span class="bld">3</span> c. inf., <b class="b3">ἤκουον εἶναι πρῶτοι</b> were [[say|said]] to be [[first]], [[Herodotus|Hdt.]] 3.131; also [[ἀκούσομαι]] μὲν ὡς ἔφυν οἴκτου πλέως S.''Ph.''1074.<br><span class="bld">4</span> c. acc. rei, <b class="b3">ἀ. κακά</b> [[have]] evil [[spoken of]] one, Ar.''Th.''388, cf. S.''Ph.''607; ἀ. λόγον ἐσλόν Pi.''I.''5(4).13; φήμας.. κακὰς ἤκουσεν E.''Hel.''615.<br><span class="bld">5</span> <b class="b3">οὕτως ἀκούω</b> = [[hear it so said]], i.e. [[at first hearing]], ὡς οὕτω γ' ἀκοῦσαι Pl. ''Euthphr.''3b; ὥς γε οὑτωσὶ ἀκοῦσαι Id.''Ly.''216a.<br><span class="bld">IV</span> [[understand]], [[take]] in a certain sense, Jul.''Or.''4.147a; especially in Scholl., as Sch.E.''Or.'' 333; <b class="b3">τι ἐπί τινος</b> Sch.E.''Hipp.''73.<br><span class="bld">V</span> Astrol., [[aspect mutually]], of signs equidistant from an equinoctial sign, Doroth.189, Heph. Astr.2.2; also, = [[ὑπακούειν]] ([[quod vide|q.v.]]), Id.1.9.