κατέχω: Difference between revisions

|Definition=fut. καθέξω (of duration) Il.18.332, [[κατασχήσω]] (of momentary action) [[Herodotus|Hdt.]]5.72, Th.4.42: aor. κατέσχον, ''poet.''<br><span class="bld">A</span> κατέσχεθον Hes.''Th.''575, S.''El.''754; Ep. 3sg. κάσχεθε Il.11.702, Aeol. <b class="b3">κατέσκ[εθε]</b> Alc.''Supp.'' la.12; imper. κατάσχες E.''Ba.''555 (lyr.), later κατάσχε Philostr.''Ep.''38([[varia lectio|v.l.]]), ''PMag.Lond.''97.404; late aor. κατέσχα ''PGen.'' 54.22 (iv A.D.).<br><span class="bld">I</span> trans., [[hold fast]], καλύπτρην χείρεσσι Hes.''Th.'' 575.<br><span class="bld">b</span> [[hold back]], [[withhold]], εἴ με βίῃ ἀέκοντα καθέξει Il.15.186, cf. 11.702, Od.15.200; ἐν κολεῷ ξίφος Pi.''N.''10.6: [[check]], [[restrain]], [[bridle]], ἑωυτόν [[Herodotus|Hdt.]]6.129, cf.Pl.''Chrm.''162c, Men.''Sam.''112; ([[γυναῖκε]]) [[Aeschylus|A.]]''[[The Persians|Pers.]]'' 190; ἱππικὸν δρόμον S.''El.''754; [[δάκρυ]] [[Aeschylus|A.]]''[[Agamemnon|Ag.]]''204 (lyr.); [[ὀργή]]ν, [[θυμός|θυμόν]], [[ὕβρις|ὕβριν]], etc., S.''El.''1011, ''OC''874, E.''Ba.''555 (lyr.), etc.; δύνασιν [[Sophocles|S.]]''[[Antigone|Ant.]]'' 605 (lyr.); τὴν διάνοιαν Th.1.130; <b class="b3">κ. τὴν ἀγωγήν</b> [[put]] it [[off]], Id.6.29; <b class="b3">κ. τὸ πλῆθος ἐλευθέρως, ἰσχύϊ</b>, Id.2.65, 3.62; κ. τινὰ πολέμῳ Id.1.103; τὰ δάκρυα [[Plato|Pl.]]''[[Phaedo|Phd.]]''117d, al.; τὸν γέλωτα [[Xenophon|X.]]''[[Cyropaedia|Cyr.]]''2.2.5, Pl.''La.''184a, [[Theophrastus|Thphr.]] ''[[Characters|Char.]]''2.4; [[οὖρον]] [[hold in]], Gal.8.407 (but <b class="b3">κατεχόμενα [οὖρα]</b> as a [[disease]], Hp.''Prorrh.''1.59, cf. Gal.16.639); <b class="b3">ἑαυτὸν κατέχει μὴ ἐπιπηδᾶν</b> [[restrain]]s himself [[from]]... [[Plato|Pl.]]''[[Phaedrus|Phdr.]]''254a:—Pass., to [[be held down]], γλῶσσα κατείχετο Hp.''Epid.''5.50; ἐπιθυμίας κατεχομένας Pl.''R.'' 554c; to [[be bound]], ὁρκίοισι μεγάλοισι [[Herodotus|Hdt.]]1.29; ὑποσχέσει ''PAmh.'' 2.97.17 (ii A.D.); τοῖς τινων ὀφειλήμασιν ''PRyl.''117.13 (iii A.D.); of a nation, to [[be kept under]] (by tyrants), [[Herodotus|Hdt.]]1.59.<br><span class="bld">c</span> [[detain]], κ. [αὐτοὺς] ἐνιαυτόν Id.6.128, cf. 8.57, Th.8.100; κ. [αὐτοὺς] ὥστε μὴ ἀπιέναι [[Xenophon|X.]]''[[Memorabilia|Mem.]]''2.6.11:—Pass., to [[be detained]], [[stay]], [[Herodotus|Hdt.]]8.117, S.''Tr.''249; περὶ Κρήτην Th.2.86, etc.<br><span class="bld">d</span> in imprecations, [[inhibit]] (cf. [[καταδέω]] (A) ''III''), ''Tab.Defix.Aud.''50.11 (iv B.C.), ''PMag.Par.''1.2077; Μανῆν καταδῶ καὶ κατέχω ''Tab.Defix.''109.<br><span class="bld">e</span> [[place under arrest]], PFlor.61.60 (i A.D.), etc.<br><span class="bld">f</span> [[keep]] an [[oath]], ὅρκον ''SIG''526.39 (Itanos, iii B.C.).<br><span class="bld">2</span> c.gen., [[gain possession of]], [[be master of]], τῶν ἐπιστημῶν μὴ πάνυ κ. [[Aristotle|Arist.]]''[[Categories|Cat.]]''9a6; τῆς ὀργῆς Philem.185 codd. Stob.; τῆς παραποταμίας βίᾳ κατέσχον [[Diodorus Siculus|D.S.]]12.82, cf. Plb.14.1.9; τῆς Ἀσίας ἐθνῶν App.''Praef.'' 9; [[control]], τινων [[LXX]] ''1 Ma.''6.27; [[ἑαυτῶν]] Erot.s.v.προπετής; μηκέτι κατέχων ἑαυτοῦ Hdn.1.15.1, cf. 1.7.3; [[cling to]], τῶν κεράτων τοῦ θυσιαστηρίου [[LXX]] ''3 Ki.''1.51.<br><span class="bld">II</span> [[possess]], [[occupy]], esp.of rulers, A.''Th.'' 732 (lyr.), [[Euripides|E.]]''[[Hecuba|Hec.]]''81 (anap.); <b class="b3">σῴζειν ἅπερ ἃν ἅπαξ κατάσχωσι</b> [[whatever]] [[they]] [[have]] [[got]], Isoc.12.242; especially of property. [[enjoy possession of]], PTeb.5.47 (ii B.C.), etc. (but also, [[sequestrate]], PLille3.16 (Pass., iii B.C.), etc.); ὡς μηδὲν ἔχοντες καὶ πάντα κατέχοντες ''2 Ep.Cor.''6.10.<br><span class="bld">b</span> [[dwell in]], [[occupy]], Ὀλύμπου αἴγλαν [[Sophocles|S.]]''[[Antigone|Ant.]]''609 (lyr.); especially of tutelary gods, <b class="b3">Παρνασίαν ὃς κ. πέτραν</b>, of [[Dionysus]], Ar.''Nu.''603 (lyr.), cf. [[Xenophon|X.]]''[[Cyropaedia|Cyr.]]''2.1.1, ''SIG''662.10 (Delos, ii B.C.), Luc.''Alex.''10; of a place, μέσον ὀμφαλὸν γᾶς Φοίβου κ. δόμος [[Euripides|E.]]''[[Ion]]''223 (lyr.); of the dead. <b class="b3">θήκας Ἰλιάδος γᾶς… κατέχουσι</b> [[occupy]], [[Aeschylus|A.]]''[[Agamemnon|Ag.]]''454 (lyr.), cf. [[Sophocles|S.]]''[[Ajax|Aj.]]''1167 (anap.).<br><span class="bld">2</span> of [[sound]], [[fill]], οἱ δ' ἀλαλητῷ πᾶν [[πεδίον]] κατέχουσι Il. 16.79; <b class="b3">κ. στρατόπεδον δυσφημίαις</b> [[fill]] it with his grievous cries, S. ''Ph.''10; οἰμωγὴ… κατεῖχε πελαγίαν ἅλα [[Aeschylus|A.]]''[[The Persians|Pers.]]''427, cf. E.''Hipp.''1133 (lyr.):—Pass., οἶκος κλαυθμῷ κατείχετο [[Herodotus|Hdt.]]1.111.<br><span class="bld">3</span> <b class="b3">πανδάκρυτον βιοτὰν κ.</b> [[continue]] to [[live]] a [[life]]... S.''Ph.''690 (lyr.).<br><span class="bld">4</span> to [[be spread over]], [[cover]], νὺξ… δνοφερὴ κάτεχ' οὐρανόν Od.13.269; ἡμέρα πᾶσαν κατέσχε γαῖαν [[Aeschylus|A.]]''[[The Persians|Pers.]]''387, cf. Ar.''Nu.''572 (lyr.); <b class="b3">τίνες αὖ πόντον κατέχουσ' αὖραι</b>; Cratin.138; ὀσμὴ… κατὰ πᾶν ἔχει δῶ Hermipp.82.9:—Pass., σελήνη… κατείχετο… νεφέεσσιν Od.9.145, cf. Il.17.368, 644:—Med., Ep.aor., κατέσχετο χερσὶ πρόσωπα Od.19.361; [[κατασχομένη ἑανῷ]] = [[having covered her face]], Il.3.419.<br><span class="bld">5</span> of the grave, [[confine]], [[cover]], τοὺς δ' ἤδη κάτεχεν φυσίζοος αἶα 3.243, cf. Od.11.301, Orac. ap. [[Herodotus|Hdt.]]1.67; as a threat, <b class="b3">πάρος τινὰ γαῖα καθέξει</b> [[sooner]] [[shall]] [[earth]] [[cover]] many a one, Il.16.629, cf. Od.13.427, etc.<br><span class="bld">6</span> of circumstances, etc., [[hold fast]], [[have]] one in their [[power]], μιν κατὰ γῆρας ἔχει χεῖράς τε πόδας τε Od.11.497; <b class="b3">ὃν θάνατος δακρυόεις καθέχει</b> (sic) ''IG''12.987; ἐχθρὰ Φάλαριν κ. φάτις Pi.''P.''1.96; τινὰ… λάθα κ. Id.''N.''8.24; [φθορὰ] κ. τὸν σὸν δόμον [[Sophocles|S.]]''[[Oedipus Coloneus|OC]]''370; <b class="b3">τύχη, πόλεμος κ. τινά</b>, Pl.''Hp.Ma.''304c, ''Ep.'' 317a; <b class="b3">κ. κίνδυνος Σικελίαν</b> ib.355d; συνέβη λοιμώδη νόσον [[κατασχεῖν]] τὴν Ἰταλίαν Hdn.1.12.1:—Pass., ὑπὸ μεγάλης ἀνάγκης κατεχόμενοι Pl. ''Lg.''858a: rarely in good sense, ὁ δ' ὄλβιος, ὃν φᾶμαι κατέχοντ' ἀγαθαί Pi.''O.''7.10; μεγάλαι κ. τύχαι γένος ὀρνίθων [[Aristophanes|Ar.]]''[[The Birds|Av.]]''1726 (lyr.); εὐμοιρίας κατεχούσης τὸν βίον Hdn.2.5.1.<br><span class="bld">b</span> of circumstances, etc., [[prevail]], [[prevail among]], [[engage]], ἄλλα τῶν κατεχόντων πρηγμάτων χαλεπώτερα [[Herodotus|Hdt.]]6.40, cf. 1.65; <b class="b3">μεγάλοι θόρυβοι κατέχουσ' ἡμᾶς</b> [[murmur]]s are [[rife]] [[among]] us, [[Sophocles|S.]]''[[Ajax|Aj.]]''142 (anap.); <b class="b3"> φήμης δ' ἀθρόας τε καὶ ξυντόνου κατασχούσης τὸ Ἑλληνικόν</b> a [[sudden]] [[rumour]] having [[overspread]] [[Greece]], Philostr.''VA''8.15.<br><span class="bld">7</span> [[seize]], [[occupy]], in right of [[conquest]], <b class="b3">τὸ Καδμείων πέδον</b> dub. in [[Sophocles|S.]]''[[Oedipus Coloneus|OC]]'' 381; especially in histor. writers, -<b class="b3">σχήσειν [τὴν ἀκρόπολιν]</b> [[Herodotus|Hdt.]]5.72; τὰ πρήγματα Id.3.143; τὰ ἐχυρά [[Xenophon|X.]]''[[Cyropaedia|Cyr.]]''3.1.27; τὰ κύκλῳ τῆς Ἀττικῆς ἁρμοσταῖς D.18.96; φρουραῖς τὰς πόλεις Plu.2.177d.<br><span class="bld">8</span> [[achieve]], [[effect]] an [[object]], Isoc.2.25; πρᾶξιν Arist.''Pol.''1312a33.<br><span class="bld">9</span> [[master]], [[understand]], οὐ κατέχω τί βούλει [[φράζειν]] Pl.''Phlb.''26c, cf. ''Men.''72d, Ceb.34; περὶ φύσεως κ. πάντας τοὺς λόγους Sosip.1.17, cf. 33; <b class="b3">κ. νοῦν στίχων</b> [[grasp]] the [[sense]] of... Puchstein ''Epigr.Gr.''p.9.<br><span class="bld">b</span> [[keep in mind]], [[remember]], χρήσιμον καὶ τοῦτο κατασχεῖν τὸ στοιχεῖον Epicur. ''Ep.''1p.10U., cf. [[Theophrastus|Thphr.]] ''[[Characters|Char.]]''26.2, Men.''Epit.''109; <b class="b3">κ. τινὰ ὀψοφάγον</b> Chrysipp.Tyan. ap. Ath.1.5e; <b class="b3">κ. ὅτι, διότι</b>, ''PCair.Zen.''60.10 (iii B.C.), Phld.''Herc.''1251.15:—Pass., Epicur.''Ep.''1p.31U.<br><span class="bld">10</span> [[possess]], of a god, εἰ θεός ἐστιν ὁ σὰς κατέχων φρένας ''PLit.Lond.''52.12; <b class="b3">τοιοῦτος ἔρως κατεῖχε τὴν ἄνθρωπον</b> she [[was]] so [[infatuated]], Plu.''Alc.''23; of an actor, <b class="b3">κατεῖχε τὸ θέατρον</b> held the [[audience]] [[spellbound]], Plu.''Dem.''29 (but, kept the [[audience]] [[waiting]], Phoc.19); of poets, μύθοις [τοὺς ἀκούοντας] κ. Luc.''JTr.''39 ([[varia lectio|v.l.]] [[κατηχοῦσι]]):—mostly in Pass., of persons, to [[be possessed]], [[be inspired]], Pl.''Ion''533e; <b class="b3">ἐξ Ὁμήρου</b> ib.536b; ἐκ θεῶν X. ''Smp.''1.10; κάρῳ Phld.''D.''1.18; <b class="b3">τὸ θέατρον κατείχετο</b> the [[audience]] was [[spellbound]], Eun.''Hist.''p.247 D.; of [[hydrophobia]] patients, Philum. ''Ven.''4.11; of a [[lover]], <b class="b3">τῷ αὐτῷ θεῷ</b> (''[[sc.]]'' Ἔρωτι) κατέσχημαι Luc. ''DMort.''19.1:—also in aor. Med., [[Plato|Pl.]]''[[Phaedrus|Phdr.]]''244e.<br><span class="bld">III</span> [[follow close upon]], [[press hard]], [[Xenophon|X.]]''[[Cyropaedia|Cyr.]]''1.4.22 (dub.l.), ''Cyn.''6.22:—Pass., ib. 9.20.<br><span class="bld">IV</span> [[bring]] a [[ship]] to [[land]], [[Herodotus|Hdt.]]6.101, 7.59, Plu.2.162a.<br><span class="bld">B</span> intr.,<br><span class="bld">1</span> (''[[sc.]]'' [[ἑαυτόν]]) [[control oneself]], [[Sophocles|S.]]''[[Oedipus Tyrannus|OT]]''782; οὐκέτι καθέξω Men.''Pk.''394; εἶπεν οὖν μὴ κατασχών Plu.''Art.''15; οὐ κατέσχεν App.''BC''3.43: c. inf., κ. τὸ μὴ δακρύειν [[Plato|Pl.]]''[[Phaedo|Phd.]]''117c.<br><span class="bld">b</span> [[stop]], [[cease]], of the [[wind]], Ar.''Pax''944 (lyr.).<br><span class="bld">2</span> [[come from the high sea to shore]], [[put in]] (v. supr. IV), νηΐ [[Θορικόνδε]] ''h.Cer.''126; τῆς Μαγνησίης χώρης ἐς τὸν αἰγιαλόν [[Herodotus|Hdt.]]7.188, cf. 6.101, Plb.1.25.7, Plu. ''Thes.''21; <b class="b3">τίνες ποτ' ἐς γῆν τήνδε… κατέσχετε</b>; S.''Ph.''221, cf. 270, E. ''Heracl.''83 (lyr.), Antipho 5.21, etc.: c. acc. loci, E.''Hel.''1206, ''Cyc.'' 223; of a [[journey]] by [[land]], [[rest]], <b class="b3">προξένων δ' ἔν του κατέσχες</b>; Id.''Ion'' 551, cf. Plb.5.71.2: metaph., [[εὖ κατασχήσει]] = [[shall come safe to land]], S.''El.''503 (lyr.).<br><span class="bld">3</span> [[prevail]], <b class="b3">ὁ λόγος κατέχει</b> the [[report]] [[prevail]]s, Th.1.10; κληδὼν ἐν ἁπάσῃ τῇ πόλει κατεῖχεν And.1.130; σεισμῶν κατεχόντων Th.3.89; ὁ βορέας κατεῖχεν [[Aristotle|Arist.]]''[[Meteorologica|Mete.]]''345a1, cf. 360b33, Thphr.''CP''1.5.1.<br><span class="bld">4</span> [[gain the upper hand]], παρά τινι Thgn.262; [[gain one's purpose]], Lys.3.42; ὁ δὲ κατεῖχε τῇ βοῇ Ar.''Ec.''434; νομίζοντες ῥᾳδίως κατασχήσειν Arist.''Pol.''1307b10.<br><span class="bld">C</span> Med., [[κατέχομαι]] = [[keep back for oneself]], [[embezzle]], <b class="b3">[τὰ χρήματα]</b> [[Herodotus|Hdt.]]7.164.<br><span class="bld">2</span> [[cover oneself]], v. supr. A.11.4.<br><span class="bld">3</span> [[hold]], [[contain]], Plb.9.26a.7.<br><span class="bld">II</span> aor. Med., = [[κατέχω]] B. 2, Od.3.284.<br><span class="bld">2</span> in pass. sense, <b class="b3">τεαῖς ῥιπαῖσι κατασχόμενος</b> [[subdue]]d, Pi.''P.''1.10; <b class="b3">καρδίαν κατέσχετο ἔρωτι</b> was [[seize]]d with, [[possess]]ed by, E.''Hipp.''27; v. supr.A. 11.10.