sol: Difference between revisions

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|lshtext=<b>sōl</b>: sōlis, m. Sanscr. svar, [[shine]]; cf. Gr. Σείριος, σείρ, [[σέλας]], Ἑλένη; and Lat. [[serenus]].<br /><b>I</b> Sing., the [[sun]], as a [[heavenly]] [[body]].<br />&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<b>A</b> In gen.: tempora duorum generum sunt, unum annale, [[quod]] sol circuitu suo finit, Varr. R. R. 1, 27: solis [[cursus]] lunaeque [[meatus]], Lucr. 5, 77: annum ad cursum solis accommodavit, Suet. Caes. 40: liquidi [[fons]] luminis [[aetherius]] sol, Lucr. 5, 282: [[quid]] potest esse [[sole]] majus? Cic. Ac. 2, 26, 82: illud dubium esse nulli potest [[quin]] [[arcus]] [[imago]] solis [[sit]], Sen. Q. N. 1, 3, 11.—<br />&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<b>B</b> Esp.<br />&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<b>1</b>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; Sol [[oriens]] or solis [[ortus]], the [[east]], as a [[quarter]] of the heavens: spectant in septemtrionem et orientem solem, Caes. B. G. 1, 1; 5, 13; 7, 69; cf.: a [[sole]] exoriente [[supra]] Maeotis paludes, Cic. poët. Tusc. 5, 17, 49: si illud [[signum]] solis ortum conspiceret, id. Cat. 3, 8, 20: facem stellae ab ortu solis ad occidentem porrigi visam, Liv. 29, 14, 3: ab ortu solis [[flare]] venti, id. 25, 27, 6.—<br />&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<b>2</b>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; Sol [[occidens]] or solis [[occasus]], the [[west]]: alterum ([[litus]]) vergit ad solem occidentem, Caes. B. G. 5, 13: laborant ut spectent sua triclinaria ad solem occidentem, Varr. R. R. 1, 13 fin.: spectat [[inter]] occasum solis et septemtriones, [[north]]-[[west]], Caes. B. G. 1, 1: quae ([[pars]] insulae) est [[propius]] solis occasum, id. ib. 4, 28.—Cf. [[poet]].: sub [[sole]] cadente, Manil. 4, 791.—In phrases, sol is [[often]] omitted by [[ellipsis]]: [[unde]] sol oritur [[oriens]] nuncupatur aut [[ortus]]; quo demergitur [[occidens]] vel [[occasus]], Mel. 1, 1 init.; v. [[orior]], [[ortus]], occĭdo.—<br />&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<b>3</b>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; Sol [[oriens]] or sol (solis) [[ortus]]=[[sunrise]]; sol [[occidens]] or solis (sol) [[occasus]] = [[sunset]]: qui solem nec occidentem [[umquam]] viderint, nec orientem, Cic. Fin. 2, 8, 23: [[sole]] orto [[Gracchus]] copias educit, Liv. 24, 15, 1: [[prius]] orto Sole, Hor. Ep. 2, 1, 113: certi solis lunaeque et [[ortus]] et [[occasus]] sunt, Liv. 44, 37, 7: [[numquam]] ab orto [[sole]] ad occidentem ... a curiā abscessit, id. 27, 50, 4: ut, equis insidentes, solis ortu cursum in quemdam locum dirigerent, Val. Max. 7, 3, 2 ext.: solis occasu, Caes. B. G. 1, 50; Liv. 24, 17, 7: ad (sub) solis occasum, [[towards]] [[sunset]], Caes. B. G. 5, 8; 2, 11: in occasum declivi [[sole]], Plin. 8, 50, 76, § 203.—Poet.: surgente a [[sole]], Hor. S. 1, 4, 29.—For sol [[occasus]], v. occidere, and Plaut. Men. 2, 3, 87 ([[ante]] solem occasum); id. ib. 5, 7, 35 (ad solem occasum); cf.: ab exortu ad occasum perstare contuentis solem, Plin. 7, 2, 2, § 22.—<br />&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<b>4</b>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; To [[designate]] a clime, [[country]], etc., as [[eastern]] or [[southern]] ([[post]]-Aug.): [[ille]] Liberi [[currus]] triumphantem [[usque]] ad Thebas a solis ortu vehat, Sen. Vit. Beat. 25, 4: terminos civitatis nostrae cum [[sole]] metimur, id. Ot. Sap. 4 (31), 1. it [[tamen]] [[ultra]] oceanum solemque, id. Ep. 94, 63: sub [[alio]] [[sole]], in [[another]] clime, Manil. 4, 171; cf.: ut sua orientis occidentisque terminis finiat (sc. solis), Sen. Ep. 92, 32.—<br />&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<b>5</b>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; Trop., of a [[great]] [[good]] or a [[great]] [[man]]: sol excidisse mihi e [[mundo]] videtur, Cic. Att. 9, 10, 3: solem e [[mundo]] tollere videntur qui, etc., id. Lael. 13, 47: P. [[Africanus]], sol [[alter]] ([[with]] [[sole]] geminato), id. N. D. 2, 5, 14; cf. Hor. S. 1, 7, 24: [[neque]] [[mundum]] posse duobus solibus regi, [[neque]] orbem, etc., Just. 11, 12.—<br />&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<b>6</b>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; Prov.: et sceleratis sol oritur, Sen. Ben. 4, 26, 1; cf.: qui solem suum oriri facit [[super]] bonos et malos, Vulg. Matt. 5, 45: [[nondum]] omnium dierum sol occidit (Germ. Es ist noch nicht aller Tage Abend) = [[there]] are [[more]] days [[yet]] to [[come]], sc. [[when]] the tables [[may]] be turned, Liv. 39, 26, 9.—<br />&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<b>C</b> The poets [[reckon]] [[time]] in [[many]] ways by the [[movement]], etc., of the [[sun]]: bis me sol adiit gelidae [[post]] frigora brumae, [[two]] years, Ov. Tr. 4, 7, 1: [[donec]] sol [[annuus]] omnes conficeret metas, [[within]] a [[year]], Stat. Achill. 1, 455; cf. Nemes. Cyn. 122: octavo lumine solis, on the [[eighth]] [[day]], Lucr. 6, 1195: sol [[septimus]], Juv. 15, 44: cum sol Herculei terga leonis adit, in [[midsummer]], Ov. A. A. 1, 68: O sol [[Pulcher]], O laudande (= [[dies]]; sc. Augusti [[reditus]]), Hor. C. 4, 2, 46; cf. id. S. 1, 9, 72: [[supremo]] [[sole]], at [[noon]], id. Ep. 1, 5, 3: sub [[medium]] solem, Manil. 4, 651; cf. id. 4, 593: sol abit, it is growing [[late]], Plaut. Merc. 5, 2, 32; cf.: a [[primo]] ad [[ultimum]] solem, all [[day]] [[long]], Amm. 14, 6, 10.—<br />&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<b>D</b> Transf., the [[sun]], [[sunlight]], [[sunshine]], [[heat]] of the [[sun]]: [[ager]] soli [[ostentus]], [[exposed]] to the [[sun]], [[Cato]], R. R. 6: sarmenta imponito quae [[frigus]] [[defendant]] et solem, id. ib. 48 (49): uvas ponite in [[sole]] biduum, id. ib. 112 (113): sol [[semper]] hic est a [[mani]] ad vesperum, Plaut. Most. 3, 2, 80: [[quin]] [[exta]] inspicere in [[sole]] [[etiam]] [[vivo]] [[licet]], id. Aul. 3, 6, 29: nec res posse in [[sole]] videri, ni, etc., Lucr. 5, 292: [[nunc]] [[quidem]] [[paululum]] a [[sole]], [[out]] of the [[sun]], Cic. Tusc. 5, 32, 92: cum in [[sole]] ambulem, id. de Or. 2, 14, 60: [[apricatio]] in [[illo]] Lucretino tuo [[sole]], id. Att. 7, 11, 1; cf. id. ib. 12, 6, 1: [[iter]] in calescente [[sole]] [[factum]] erat, Liv. 44, 36 init.: torrente meridiano [[sole]], id. 44, 38: ex vehementi [[sole]], id. 28, 15, 11: urente [[assiduo]] [[sole]], id. 44, 33 fin.: ut veniens dextrum [[latus]] aspiciat sol, [[light]] of the [[morning]] [[sun]], Hor. Ep. 1, 16, 6: reformidant insuetum lumina solem, Ov. P. 3, 4, 49; cf.: nam et solem lumina aegra formidant, Sen. Vit. Beat. 20, 6: adversi solis ab ictu, sunstroke, Ov. M. 3, 183: altera ([[spelunca]]) solem non recipit, Sen. Ep. 55, 6: [[sole]] correptis, Plin. 29, 6, 38, § 119: pisces, quos [[sole]] torreant, id. 7, 2, 2, § 30: siccatur in [[sole]], id. 19, 1, 3, § 16: in agmine ([[Caesar]]) anteibat capite detecto, seu sol seu [[imber]] esset, Suet. Caes. 57: [[patiens]] pulveris [[atque]] solis, Hor. C. 1, 8, 4.— And trop.: in solem ac pulverem procedere, or producere, [[into]] [[heat]] and [[dust]], i. e. [[into]] [[practical]] [[life]] (opp. [[umbra]] eruditorum), Cic. Brut. 9, 37; id. Leg. 3, 6, 14.—In a [[similar]] [[sense]]: cedat [[stilus]] gladio, [[umbra]] soli, Cic. Mur. 14, 30.—Prov.: clarior [[quam]] solis radii, Plaut. Mil. 1, 1, 2: [[sole]] ipso est clarius, Arn. 1, n. 47; cf. the [[class]]. [[luce]] clarius, and: cum id solis [[luce]] videatur clarius, Cic. Div. 1, 3, 6.<br /><b>II</b> Plur.<br />&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<b>A</b> Suns, images of the [[sun]] ([[class]].): [[neque]] [[pauci]] [[neque]] leves sunt qui se duo soles vidisse dicant, Cic. Rep. 1, 10, 15: Albae duos soles visos ferebant, Liv. 28, 11, 3: et [[rursus]] [[plures]] soles [[simul]] cernuntur, Plin. 2, 31, 31, § 99: [[quid]] eas vocem? imagines solis? Historici soles vocant, et binos ternosque adparuisse memoriae tradunt, Sen. Q. N. 1, 11, 2.—<br />&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<b>B</b> Poet. = days (v. I. C.): nec [[tamen]] illis solibus ulla comparebat [[avis]], Lucr. 6, 1219: [[saepe]] ego longos Cantando puerum [[memini]] me condere soles, to [[spend]] the [[long]] [[summer]] days in [[singing]], Verg. E. 9, 52: [[tres]] soles ... Erramus, id. A. 3, 203; cf. Sil. 3, 554: Bajani soles, the [[sunny]] days of Bajœ, Mart. 6, 43, 5: O soles! id. 10, 51, 6: soles fulsere [[quondam]] [[tibi]] candidi, Cat. 8, 3, 8: soles occidere et redire possunt, id. 5, 4: longis solibus, Stat. Th. 5, 460: solibus arctis, [[short]] [[winter]] days, id. S. 1, 3, 88.—So, to [[describe]] [[certain]] seasons: solibus hibernis ... gratior, [[than]] the [[sun]] in [[winter]], Ov. M. 13, 793: si numeres [[anno]] soles et [[nubila]] toto, the [[sunny]] and [[cloudy]] days, id. Tr. 5, 8, 31.—<br />&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<b>C</b> Light or [[heat]] of the [[sun]] ([[poet]]. and in postAug. [[prose]]; cf. D. [[supra]]): [[pars]] terrai perusta solibus assiduis, Lucr. 5, 253; cf. Ov. H. 5, 112: pluviis et solibus icta, Lucr. 6, 1101: quae carent ventis et solibus, i. e. are buried, Hor. Epod. 16, 13; 2, 41: et soles [[melius]] nitent, id. C. 4, 5, 8; cf. id. Ep. 1, 10, 17: ex imbri soles Prospicere ... poteris, Verg. G. 1, 393: inque novos soles audent se gramina [[tuto]] Credere, id. ib. 2, 332; [[similarly]], Ov. F. 4, 404; Stat. Th. 1, 363; 4, 421; 4, 831: tum blandi soles, Ov. F. 1, 157: frigore soles juvant, id. R. Am. 405; so Mart. 10, 42: [[Romulus]] et [[frater]] ... Solibus et campo corpora nuda dabant, Ov. F. 2, 366: aequora [[semper]] solibus orba tument, id. P. 1, 3, 54: solibus rupta [[glacies]], Juv. 4, 43: geminā pereunt caligine soles, Stat. Th. 5, 154: aestivos quo decipis aere soles? id. S. 4, 4, 19: tacent exhausti solibus amnes, id. Th. 3, 2, 59; 4, 56; Mart. 10, 12, 7; 8, 14, 4; 14, 28; Ov. M. 1, 435: [[cura]] soles [[assiduo]] quaerendi, Plin. 26, 3, 8, § 16: perpeti soles, id. 36, 22, 45, § 162: evitatis solibus, id. 28, 12, 50, § 186: (sal) siccatur aestivis solibus, id. 31, 7, 39, § 73: merguntur in aquam solibus tepefactam, id. 19, 1, 3, § 17: nec campi [[minus]] soles accipiunt, id. 17, 4, 3, § 29: [[sarculatio]] novos soles admittit, id. 18, 21, 50, § 184; cf. id. 12, 5, 11, § 23; 12, 7, 14, § 26: [[aurea]] pellebant tepidos umbracula soles, Ov. F. 2, 311: dum patula defendimus arbore soles, Stat. S. 3, 1, 70.—Very [[rarely]] of the [[sun]]'s [[revolution]], [[without]] [[reference]] to [[light]] or [[heat]]: quae via soles praecipitet, Stat. Th. 6, 362.—In [[class]]. [[prose]] [[sometimes]] solis ardores, [[with]] the [[force]] of the [[poet]]. soles: et nimios solis defendit ardores, Cic. Sen. 15, 53; cf.: [[propter]] nimios solis ardores, Sen. Ep. 90, 17.<br /><b>III</b> Sol, the [[Sun]]-[[god]].<br />&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<b>A</b> Lit.<br />&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<b>a</b> The [[ancient]] Italian [[deity]] Sol, represented as [[driving]] the [[four]]-[[horse]] [[sun]]-[[chariot]] from [[east]] to [[west]]; [[later]] identified [[with]] the Greek Helios, and [[hence]] [[often]] called [[Titan]] or Phœbus by the poets: signi dic [[quid]] est? Cum quadrigis Sol [[exoriens]], Plaut. Am. 1, 1, 269: Sol ... aeternam suscepit [[lampada]] mundi, Lucr. 5, 402: [[rapax]] vis Solis equorum, id. 5, 402: [[quod]] magni [[filia]] Solis eram, Ov. R. Am. 276; id. M. 14, 346: Solis [[currus]], id. P. 4, 6, 48: [[secundum]] (invocabis) Solem et Lunam, Varr. R. R. 1, 1 med.: [[grates]] [[tibi]] [[ago]], [[summe]] Sol, Cic. Rep. 6, 9, 9: Sol Phaëthonti filio facturum se esse dixit [[quidquid]] optasset, id. Off. 3, 25, 94: Quid? illum filium Solis [[nonne]] patris ipsius [[luce]] indignum putas? id. Tusc. 3, 12, 26: qui Solem aurigando aequiperare existimaretur, Suet. Ner. 53: Solis [[colossus]] Rhodi, Plin. 34, 7, 18, § 41; 34, 8, 19, § 63.—Comic.: [[credo]] [[edepol]] [[equidem]] dormire Solem [[atque]] adpotum [[probe]], Plaut. Am. 1, 1, 129.—<br />&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<b>b</b> The Phœnician [[sun]]-[[god]] [[Heliogabalus]] (Elagabal), whose [[worship]] [[was]] introduced by the [[later]] emperors ([[Aurelianus]], [[Heliogabalus]]): ad [[templum]] Heliogabali tetendit ... et Romae [[Soli]] [[templum]] posuit, Vop. Aur. 25; cf. id. ib. 4; 14; 35; 39; Lampr. Heliog. 1; 3; [[afterwards]] called Sol Invictus, whose [[birthday]], acc. to the Calendar. Const., [[was]] [[celebrated]] [[December]] 25th; cf. Julian. Or. 4, p. 156.—<br />&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<b>c</b> Of the [[sun]]-[[worship]] of [[other]] nations: ([[Germani]]) deorum [[numero]] ducunt Solem et Vulcanum et Lunam, Caes. B. G. 6, 21; cf.: rex regum, [[frater]] Solis et Lunae, of the [[king]] of [[Persia]], Amm. 17, 5, 3.—<br />&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<b>B</b> The [[sun]]-[[god]] as [[emblem]] of omniscience: non potuit reperire, si ipsi [[Soli]] quaerundas dares, lepidiores ad hanc rem [[quam]] ego dabo, Plaut. Mil. 3, 1, 206: meliorem [[neque]] tu reperis, [[neque]] Sol videt, id. Stich. 1, 2, 53: at vigiles mundi ... Sol et [[Luna]], Lucr. 5, 1435: si hoc uno [[quicquam]] Sol vidisset iniquius, Cic. Off. 2, 8, 28: O Solem ipsum beatissimum, qui [[antequam]] se abderet fugientem vidit Antonium, id. Phil. 14, 10, 27: Solem consule, qui [[late]] facta [[diurna]] videt, Ov. F. 4, 582: [[quis]] Solem fallere possit? id. A. A. 2, 573; cf. Plaut. Bacch. 2, 3, 21; Sen. Herc. Fur. 595.—Hence represented as [[betrayer]] of conspiracies: propiusque [[honos]] Boli, qui occulta conjurationis retexisset, Tac. A. 15, 74; to him [[was]] commended the [[detection]] of murderers, in inscriptions [[over]] the [[slain]]: SOL, TIBI COMMENDO QVI MANVS INTVLIT EI, Inscr. Orell. 4791: SOL, TV INDICES EIVS MORTEM, ib. 4792.—<br />&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<b>C</b> Poet., to [[describe]] the times of the [[day]]: solverat flagrantes Sol [[pronus]] equos, = it [[was]] [[night]], Stat. Th. 3, 408: Sol operum [[medius]] summo librabat Olympo Lucentes, ceu staret, equos, = it [[was]] [[mid]]-[[day]], id. ib. 5, 85.<br /> In gen., solis as an [[appellation]].<br />&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<b>A</b> DIES SOLIS, Sunday ([[late]] Lat.), Inscr. Orell. 508.—<br />&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<b>B</b> Solis [[gemma]], a [[precious]] [[stone]], Plin. 37, 10, 67, § 181.—<br />&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<b>C</b> Solis [[insula]], [[off]] the [[coast]] of Gedrosia, Plin. 6, 22, 24, § 86; 6, 23, 26, § 97.—<br />&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<b>D</b> Solis [[fons]], in Marmorica, Curt. 4, 7, 22; [[Mela]], 1, 8, 1; Plin. 5, 5, 5, § 31.—<br />&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<b>E</b> Solis [[promunturium]], in [[Africa]], Plin. 5, 1, 1, § 9.—<br />&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<b>F</b> Solis [[oppidum]], a [[town]] in Ægina, Plin. 5, 9, 11, § 61.

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