ζωή: Difference between revisions

|txtha=ζωῆς, ἡ (from ζάω, ζῶ), the Sept. chiefly for חַיִּים; life;<br /><b class="num">1.</b> universally, life, i. e. the state of one who is possessed of vitality or is animate: ἀγαπάω); αὐτός (ὁ Θεός) διδούς πᾶσιν ζωήν καί πνοήν, πνεῦμα ζωῆς ἐκ τοῦ Θεοῦ, the vital spirit, the breath of (i. e. imparting) life, πᾶσα ψυχή ζωῆς, genitive of possess, every living soul, G L T Tr text WH; spoken of earthly life: ἡ ζωή τίνος, αἴρω, 3h.); ἐν τῇ ζωή σου, whilst thou wast living on earth, ἐν τῇ ζωή αὐτοῦ, ἐν τῇ ζωή ταύτῃ, πᾶσαι αἱ ἡμέραι τῆς ζωῆς τίνος, (ἐπαγγελία ζωῆς τῆς νῦν καί τῆς μελλούσης, a promise looking to the present and the future life, ζωή and θάνατος are contrasted in ἐν καινότητι ζωῆς, figuratively spoken of a new mode of life, dedicated to God, λόγος and to Christ" in whom the λόγος put on human nature: ὥσπερ ὁ πατήρ ἔχει ζωήν ἐν ἑαυτῷ, οὕτως ἔδωκεν καί τῷ υἱῷ ζωήν ἔχειν ἐν ἑαυτῷ, ἐν αὐτῷ (namely, τῷ λόγῳ) ζωή ἦν καί ἡ ζωή ἦν τό φῶς τῶν ἀνθρώπων, in him life was (comprehended), and the life (transfused from the Logos into created natures) was the light (i. e. the intelligence) of men (because the life of men is self-conscious, and thus a fountain of intelligence springs up), ὁ λόγος τῆς ζωῆς, the Logos having life in itself and communicating it to others, ἡ ζωή ἐφανερώθη, was manifested in Christ, clothed in flesh, life real and genuine, vita quae sola vita nominanda (Cicero, de sen. 21,77), "a life active and vigorous, devoted to God, blessed, the portion even in this world of those who put their trust in Christ, but after the resurrection to be consummated by new accessions (among them a more perfect body), and to last forever" (the writers of the O. T. have anticipated the conception, in their way, by employing חַיִּים to denote a happy life and every kind of blessing: τοῦ Θεοῦ, supplied by God (Winer's Grammar, 186 (175)), ἡ ἐν Χριστῷ, to be obtained in fellowship with Christ, μεταβεβηκέναι ἐκ τοῦ θανάτου εἰς ζωήν, ὄψεσθαί τήν ζωήν, ἔχειν ζωήν, ἐν ἑαυτῷ (or ἑαυτοῖς) added, διδόναι, χάρις ζωῆς, the grace of God evident in the life obtained, τό πνεῦμα τῆς ζωῆς ἐν Χριστῷ Ἰησοῦ, the Spirit, the repository and imparter of life, and which is received by those united to Christ, ὁ ἄρτος τῆς ζωῆς (see ἄρτος, at the end), τό φῶς τῆς ζοης, the light illumined by which one arrives at life, ζωή αἰώνιος and ἡ ζωή ἡ αἰώνιος (cf. Buttmann, 90 (79)); see below): ῤήματα ζωῆς αἰωνίου, εἰς ζωήν αἰώνιον, unto the attainment of eternal life (cf. εἰς, B. II:3c. δ., p. 185a), διδόναι ζωήν αἰώνιον, ἔχειν ζωήν αἰώνιον, ἀπολλυσθαι), L brackets; οὐκ ἔχειν ζωήν αἰώνιον ἐν ἑαυτῷ, spiritual and partakers of eternal and immortal life). ζωή and ἡ ζωή, without epithet, are used of the blessing of real life after the resurrection, in δικαίωσις, at the end); ζωή ἐκ νεκρῶν, life breaking forth from the abode of the dead, εἰσελθεῖν εἰς τήν ζωήν, ἀνάστασις ζωῆς equivalent to εἰς ζωήν (Winer's Grammar, 188 (177)); στέφανος τῆς ζωῆς equivalent to ἡ ζωή ὡς στέφανος, ξύλον τῆς ζωῆς, the tree whose fruit gives and maintains eternal life, G L T Tr WH) (cf. δένδρον ζωῆς, ὕδωρ ζωῆς, water the use of which serves to maintain eternal life, ζωῆς πηγαί ὑδάτων, G L T Tr WH; ἡ βίβλος and τό βιβλίον τῆς ζωῆς, the book in which the names of those are recorded to whom eternal life has been decreed: cf. Lightfoot on Philippians , the passage cited), more fully ἡ ὄντως ( αἰώνιος) ζωή, ζωή αἰώνιος (cf. above) (Justin Martyr, de resurr. i., p. 588c. ὁ λόγος ... διδούς ἡμῖν ἐν ἑαυτῷ τήν ἐκ νεκρῶν ἀνάστασιν καί τήν μετά ταῦτα ζωήν αἰώνιον), κόλασις αἰώνιος); ἐν τῷ αἰῶνι τῷ ἐρχομένῳ, ἔχειν ζωήν αἰώνιον κληρονομεῖν, εἰς ζωήν αἰώνιον, unto the attainment of life eternal, ἀενναος ζωή, ἀΐδιος ζωή, Ignatius ad Ephesians 19 [ET]). Cf. Köstlin, Lehrbegriff des Ev. Johann. etc., pp. 234ff, 338ff; Reuss, Johann. Theologie (in Beiträge zu d. theol. Wissenschaften, vol. i.), p. 76ff (cf. his Hist. de la Theol. Chret., book vii., chapter xiv.); Lipsius, Paulin. Rechtfertigungslehre, pp. 152ff 185f; Güder in Herzog viii. 254 (2nd edition, 509ff); B. B. Brückner, De notione vocis ζωή in N. T. Lipsius 1858; Huther,<br /><b class="num">d.</b> Bedeut. d. Begriffe ζωή u. πιστεύειν im N. T., in the Jahrbb. f. deutsche Theol. 1872, p. 1ff (For the relations of the term to heathen conceptions cf. G. Teichmüller, Aristotle, Forsch. iii., p. 127ff) Some, as Bretschneider, Wahl, Wilke, especially Käuffer (in his book De biblica ζωῆς αἰωνίου notione. Dresd. 1838), maintain that ζωή αἰώνιος everywhere even in John's writings refers to life after the resurrection; but in this way they are compelled not only to assume a prophetic use of the perfect in the saying ἐκ τοῦ θανάτου μεταβεβηκέναι εἰς τήν ζωήν (ἔχει ζωήν αἰώνιον as meaning he has eternal life as his certain portion though as yet only in hope, as well as to explain ζωήν αἰώνιον οὐκ ἔχειν ἐν ἑαυτῷ μένουσαν (the hope of eternal life. (Synonym: see βίος, at the end.)