χαλεπαίνω

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English (LSJ)

Il.14.399, etc.: fut.

   A -ᾰνῶ Pl.Tht.161a, Men.Sam.204: aor.1 ἐχαλέπηνα Isoc.4.102, etc.; subj. χαλεπήνῃ Il.16.386; inf. -ῆναι 18.108:—Pass., aor. ἐχαλεπάνθην, v. infr. 11: (χαλεπός):—to be severe, sore, grievous, μέγα βρέμεται χαλεπαίνων [ἄνεμος] Il.14.399; εἰ καὶ μάλα περ χαλεπαίνοι [ὥρη χειμερίη] Od.5.485.    2 mostly of persons, to be violent, angry, ὅτε τις πρότερος χαλεπήνῃ Il.19.183, cf. Ar.Ra.1020 (anap.), Th.3.82, 8.92, Pl.R.426e, etc.; display or portray anger, ἀληθινώτατα Arist.Po.1455a31: c. dat., to be angry with... Ζεὺς ὅτε δή ῥ' ἄνδρεσσι κοτεσσάμενος χαλεπήνῃ Il.16.386, cf. Od.5.147, 16.114, 19.83; χ. τῷ ποταμῷ Hdt.1.189, cf. Pl.Phd.116c, X. An.1.4.12, etc.; αἱ [κύνες] τοῖς λίθοις, οἷς ἂν βληθῶσι, χαλεπαίνουσι Pl.R.469e: folld. by a Prep., χ. ἐπί τινι to be angry at a thing, Od. 18.415; πρός τι Th.2.22,59; πρός τινα X.Mem.2.2.1: c. dupl. dat. pers. et rei, χ. τινὶ τοῖς εἰρημένοις to be angry with him for his words, Id.An.5.5.24: rarely, c. gen. causae, ὧν ἐμοὶ χαλεπαίνετε, τούτων τοῖς θεοῖς χάριν εἰδέναι ib.7.6.32; also χ. ὑπέρ τινος Luc.Ind.25: folld. by a conjunction, χ. ὅτι . . X.An.1.5.14; χαλ. εἰ . . Plu.Cam.8, etc.    3 Medic., to be irritated, Aret.SD2.11.    II Pass., to be embittered or provoked, χαλεπανθῆναί τινι, ὅτι . . against one, X.An.4.6.2, Cyr.3.1.38; πρὸς ἀλλήλους ib.5.2.18.    III Pass., to be judged or treated harshly, ἐλεεῖσθαι . . μᾶλλον εἰκός ἐστί που . . ἢ χαλεπαίνεσθαι Pl.R.337a.—Never used in Trag.