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μάσταξ: Difference between revisions
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|elrutext='''μάσταξ:''' ᾰκος ἡ<br /><b class="num">1)</b> рот: ἐπὶ μάστακα χερσὶ πιέζειν Hom. зажать рот руками;<br /><b class="num">2)</b> пища в зобу Theocr.: ὡς δ᾽ [[ὄρνις]] νεοσσοῖσι προφέρῃσιν μάστακ᾽ (= μάστακα) Hom. словно птица приносит птенцам корм (v. l. μάστακι, т. е. в клюве);<br /><b class="num">3)</b> саранча (неизвестная разновидность) Soph. | |elrutext='''μάσταξ:''' ᾰκος ἡ<br /><b class="num">1)</b> рот: ἐπὶ μάστακα χερσὶ πιέζειν Hom. зажать рот руками;<br /><b class="num">2)</b> пища в зобу Theocr.: ὡς δ᾽ [[ὄρνις]] νεοσσοῖσι προφέρῃσιν μάστακ᾽ (= μάστακα) Hom. словно птица приносит птенцам корм (v. l. μάστακι, т. е. в клюве);<br /><b class="num">3)</b> саранча (неизвестная разновидность) Soph. | ||
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|etymtx=-ακος<br />Grammatical information: f.<br />Meaning: [[mouth]], [[mouthfull]], [[morsel]] (I 324), also metaph. [[locust]] (S. Fr. 716, Nic.; after Clitarch. ap. EM 216, 9 Ambraciotic), because of its voracity (cf. Strömberg Wortstudien 17 f.).<br />Derivatives: <b class="b3">μαστάζω</b> [[chew]] (Nic. Th. 918), <b class="b3">συμ</b> μάσταξ (Hippiatr.), with expressive byforms: 1. <b class="b3">μασταρύζω</b> (v. l. <b class="b3">-ίζω</b>) <b class="b2">chew fervently, without uttering a word</b> (of an old man, Ar. Ach. 689); cf. <b class="b3">μασταρίζειν μαστιχᾶσθαι</b>. <b class="b3">καὶ τρέμειν</b>. <b class="b3">η σφοδρῶς η κακῶς μασᾶσθαι</b> H., <b class="b3">μαστηρύζειν τὸ κακῶς μασᾶσθαι</b> Phot.; formation like <b class="b3">κελαρύζω</b>, <b class="b3">βατταρίζω</b> etc. 2. <b class="b3">μαστιχάω</b>, only ptc. dat. sg. <b class="b3">μαστιχόωντι</b> (Hes. Sc. c389, verse-end) <b class="b2">from anger chew violently</b> = <b class="b2">grind the teeth, foam</b> (of a boar), <b class="b3">μαστιχᾶσθαι</b> H. s. <b class="b3">μασταρίζειν</b> (s. above; example ?); backformation <b class="b3">μαστίχη</b> f. <b class="b2">the resin of the mastixtree</b> (Com. Adesp., Thphr.) with <b class="b3">μαστίχ-ινος</b> (Dsc.), <b class="b3">-ηρά</b> f. <b class="b2">plaster from mastich</b> (Aet.; after <b class="b3">ἐλαιηρός</b> etc.; Chantraine Form. 232 f.).<br />Origin: PG [a word of Pre-Greek origin]X [probably]<br />Etymology: Both <b class="b3">μάσταξ</b> and <b class="b3">μαστάζω</b>, which must not belong to each other directly, go back on a <b class="b3">τ-</b>derivation beside the yot-present <b class="b3">μασάομαι</b> (from <b class="b3">*μαθ-</b>ι̯-?), <b class="b3">μασ-τ-</b> (from <b class="b3">*μαθ-τ-</b>?), of which the function remains unknown. With <b class="b3">μαστάζω</b> cf. <b class="b3">βαστάζω</b>, <b class="b3">κλαστάζω</b> (: <b class="b3">κλά[σ]-ω</b>) a. o. (Schwyzer 706); with the popular <b class="b3">μάσταξ</b> e.g. <b class="b3">πόρταξ</b> (: <b class="b3">πόρτις</b>), <b class="b3">μύλαξ</b> ( : <b class="b3">μύλος</b>); on this Chantraine Form. 377ff. The in the vowel deviating <b class="b3">μέστακα την μεμασημένην τροφήν</b> H. has certainly no (IE) old full grade <b class="b2">*menth-to-</b> (since Froehde BB 7, 330), but is just folketymologically re-shaped after <b class="b3">μεστός</b> ('mouthfull'). So if we start from <b class="b3">μαθ-</b>, the word is prob. of Pre-Greek origin.<br />See also: -- Weiteres s. [[μασάομαι]]. | |||
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