αὐτός: Difference between revisions

|auten=ή, ό: [[same]], [[self]].—(1) pronoun of identity, ἦρχε δὲ τῷ αὐτὴν ὁδὸν ἥν περ οἱ ἄλλοι (the [[same]] [[way]], [[like]] τὴν αὐτήν in Attic), Od. 8.107, Il. 12.225. (The [[article]] [[when]] joined to [[αὐτός]] in [[Homer]] is [[demonstrative]], e. g. τὼ δ' αὐτὼ μάρτυροι [[ἔστων]], ‘these’ [[two]] men [[themselves]], [[not]] ‘the [[same]]’ [[two]], Il. 1.338, Od. 16.334; [[once]] occurs crasis, ωὑτὸς [[ἀνήρ]], ‘[[that]]’ [[same]] [[man]], Il. 5.396).—(2) pronoun of [[emphasis]] and [[antithesis]], as [[one]] [[person]] is contrasted [[with]] [[another]], or [[with]] [[some]] [[possession]] or [[part]] of [[himself]], the [[extent]] to [[which]] [[this]] antithetic [[idea]] is carried forming a [[highly]] [[characteristic]] [[feature]] of the Homeric [[style]]; πολλὰς δ' ἶφθίμους ψῦχὰς Ἄιδι προΐαψεν | ἡρώων, αὐτοὺς δὲ ἑλώρια τεῦχε [[κύνεσσιν]], hurled [[their]] souls to [[Hades]], [[but]] made [[them]], i. e. [[their]] bodies, a [[prey]] to dogs, Il. 1.4 ; εἰσενόησα βιὴν Ἡρᾶκληείην | [[εἴδωλον]]· αὐτὸς δὲ μετ' ἆθανάτοισι θεοῖσιν | τέρπεται, κτλ., [[Heracles]] [[himself]] in [[heaven]], his [[ghost]] in [[hell]], Od. 11.602 ; [[δησάντων]] σε ὀρθὸν ἐν ἱστοπέδῃ, ἐκ δ' [[αὐτοῦ]] πείρατ [[ἀνήφθω]], [[let]] [[them]] [[tie]] [[you]] [[standing]] up on the [[mast]]-[[block]], [[with]] the [[rope]] ends fastened to (the [[mast]]) itself, Od. 12.51 ; Πριάμοιο δόμον ξεστῇς αἰθούσῃσι τετυγμένον, αὐτὰρ ἐν [[αὐτῷ]], i. e. in the [[house]] itself, as [[distinguished]] [[from]] its [[corridor]], Il. 6.243, and so [[continually]]. (The [[occurrence]] of [[αὐτός]] in the [[oblique]] cases as [[simple]] unemphatic [[personal]] pronoun is denied [[altogether]] to [[Homer]] by [[some]] scholars, and in [[most]] of the [[seeming]] instances an [[emphasis]] or [[contrast]] [[may]] be detected, as [[clearly]] e. g. Il. 3.365; [[still]] the [[approach]] to the [[later]] [[use]] is [[sometimes]] [[uncomfortably]] [[close]], e. g. Il. 2.347).— Here belong [[such]] expressions as ὑπὸ λόφον αὐτόν, ‘[[directly]]’ [[under]] the [[plume]], Il. 13.615, Od. 10.158 ; [[δύω]] ἵππους αὐτοῖσιν [[ὄχεσφιν]], ‘[[chariot]] and [[all]],’ Il. 8.290 ; [[αὐτός]] περ [[ἐών]], ‘by [[himself]],’ i. e. [[alone]], Il. 8.99, Od. 14.8, 450.—Here, [[too]], belong the reflexive uses, Od. 4.247, etc.; αὐτῶν γὰρ ἀπωλόμεθ' ἀφραδίῃσιν, by [[our]] [[own]] [[folly]], Od. 10.27 ; τὴν [[αὐτοῦ]] φιλέει, loves his [[own]], Il. 9.342, Od. 2.125; [[similarly]], αὐτῶν γὰρ σφετέρῃσιν ἀτασθαλίῃσιν ὄλοντο, Od. 1.7; τὰ ς(ὰ) αὐτῆς ἔργα κόμιζε, Il. 6.490, ‘[[their]] [[own]],’ ‘[[thine]] [[own]].’