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κυβερνάω: Difference between revisions
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|elrutext='''κῠβερνάω:''' <b class="num">1)</b> управлять, править, вести ([[νῆα]] Hom.; ἄρματα Plat.): κ. αὐτὸν ἑαυτῷ Arph. (самому) управлять кораблем;<br /><b class="num">2)</b> управлять, руководить (τῆς πόλεως πάντα Plat.; φόβῳ καὶ βίᾳ Polyb.; med. τισι Arst.): μιᾷ γνώμῃ τοῦ Κύρου ἐκυβερνᾶτο Xen. (империя Кира) управлялась единой волей Кира. | |elrutext='''κῠβερνάω:'''<br /><b class="num">1)</b> управлять, править, вести ([[νῆα]] Hom.; ἄρματα Plat.): κ. αὐτὸν ἑαυτῷ Arph. (самому) управлять кораблем;<br /><b class="num">2)</b> управлять, руководить (τῆς πόλεως πάντα Plat.; φόβῳ καὶ βίᾳ Polyb.; med. τισι Arst.): μιᾷ γνώμῃ τοῦ Κύρου ἐκυβερνᾶτο Xen. (империя Кира) управлялась единой волей Кира. | ||
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{{etym | {{etym | ||
|etymtx=Grammatical information: v.<br />Meaning: [[steer]], metaph. [[govern]], [[rule]] ( γ 283)<br />Other forms: aor. <b class="b3">κυβερνῆσαι</b> , Cypr. inf. <b class="b3">κυμερῆναι</b>; Aeol. <b class="b3">κυμερνήτης</b><br />Compounds: also with prefix, e.g. <b class="b3">δια-</b>.<br />Derivatives: <b class="b3">κυβερνητήρ</b>, Dor. <b class="b3">-ατήρ</b> m. [[cocxwain]] (θ 557, Pi.) with f. <b class="b3">-ήτειρα</b> (AP, Nonn.) and <b class="b3">-ητήριος</b> (Orac. ap. Plu.); <b class="b3">κυβερνήτης</b> (Aeol. <b class="b3">κυμερνήτης</b> [<b class="b3">-άτας</b>] after EM 543, 3) <b class="b2">id.</b> (Il.) with f. <b class="b3">-ῆτις</b> (pap.) and <b class="b3">-ήσια</b> n. pl. <b class="b2">festival in memory of the steersmen of Theseus, Athens</b> (Plu.); <b class="b3">κυβέρνησις</b>, <b class="b3">-ασις</b> [[steering]], [[government]] (Pi., Pl.); <b class="b3">κυβερνητικός</b> <b class="b2">belonging to, apt to steering</b> (Pl.); <b class="b3">κυβερνισμός</b> = <b class="b3">κυβέρνησις</b> (Aq.).<br />Origin: PG [a word of Pre-Greek origin]<br />Etymology: Given Cypr. <b class="b3">κυμερῆναι</b> the form <b class="b3">κυβερνάω</b> might be due to dissimilation <b class="b3">μ-ν</b> > <b class="b3">β-ν</b> (Lejeune Traite de phon. 131). Thus Neumann KZ 100 (1987) 64-69, HS 105 (1992) 188 and Kadmos 13 (1974) 146-155. "aber das Wort bleibt sowieso isoliert." (Frisk). The comparison with Skt. <b class="b2">kūbara-</b>, <b class="b2">-rī́</b> [[pole]] and with Lith. [[kumbras]] <b class="b2">grip on the steering oar</b>, [[kumbryti]] [[steer]] is to be given up, s. Mayrhofer KEWA s. v. and Fraenkel Wb. s. <b class="b2">kumbrỹs</b>. So foreign origin is probable, s. Fohalle Mél. Vendryes 157ff., Kretschmer Glotta 16, 166, Hermann Gött. Nachr. 1943, 2 f., Schwyzer 62, Chantraine Ét. sur le vocab. grec. 11. Further Bq. The group <b class="b3">-ρν-</b> is typical for non-IE material. - From <b class="b3">κυβερνάω</b> as LW [loanword] Lat. [[gubernō]], s. W.-Hofmann s. v. Beekes xx Neumann | |etymtx=Grammatical information: v.<br />Meaning: [[steer]], metaph. [[govern]], [[rule]] ( γ 283)<br />Other forms: aor. <b class="b3">κυβερνῆσαι</b> , Cypr. inf. <b class="b3">κυμερῆναι</b>; Aeol. <b class="b3">κυμερνήτης</b><br />Compounds: also with prefix, e.g. <b class="b3">δια-</b>.<br />Derivatives: <b class="b3">κυβερνητήρ</b>, Dor. <b class="b3">-ατήρ</b> m. [[cocxwain]] (θ 557, Pi.) with f. <b class="b3">-ήτειρα</b> (AP, Nonn.) and <b class="b3">-ητήριος</b> (Orac. ap. Plu.); <b class="b3">κυβερνήτης</b> (Aeol. <b class="b3">κυμερνήτης</b> [<b class="b3">-άτας</b>] after EM 543, 3) <b class="b2">id.</b> (Il.) with f. <b class="b3">-ῆτις</b> (pap.) and <b class="b3">-ήσια</b> n. pl. <b class="b2">festival in memory of the steersmen of Theseus, Athens</b> (Plu.); <b class="b3">κυβέρνησις</b>, <b class="b3">-ασις</b> [[steering]], [[government]] (Pi., Pl.); <b class="b3">κυβερνητικός</b> <b class="b2">belonging to, apt to steering</b> (Pl.); <b class="b3">κυβερνισμός</b> = <b class="b3">κυβέρνησις</b> (Aq.).<br />Origin: PG [a word of Pre-Greek origin]<br />Etymology: Given Cypr. <b class="b3">κυμερῆναι</b> the form <b class="b3">κυβερνάω</b> might be due to dissimilation <b class="b3">μ-ν</b> > <b class="b3">β-ν</b> (Lejeune Traite de phon. 131). Thus Neumann KZ 100 (1987) 64-69, HS 105 (1992) 188 and Kadmos 13 (1974) 146-155. "aber das Wort bleibt sowieso isoliert." (Frisk). The comparison with Skt. <b class="b2">kūbara-</b>, <b class="b2">-rī́</b> [[pole]] and with Lith. [[kumbras]] <b class="b2">grip on the steering oar</b>, [[kumbryti]] [[steer]] is to be given up, s. Mayrhofer KEWA s. v. and Fraenkel Wb. s. <b class="b2">kumbrỹs</b>. So foreign origin is probable, s. Fohalle Mél. Vendryes 157ff., Kretschmer Glotta 16, 166, Hermann Gött. Nachr. 1943, 2 f., Schwyzer 62, Chantraine Ét. sur le vocab. grec. 11. Further Bq. The group <b class="b3">-ρν-</b> is typical for non-IE material. - From <b class="b3">κυβερνάω</b> as LW [loanword] Lat. [[gubernō]], s. W.-Hofmann s. v. Beekes xx Neumann | ||
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