μαίνομαι: Difference between revisions

{{etym

|etymtx=Grammatical information: v.<br />Meaning: <b class="b2">rage, be furious, of the senses, be excited</b> (Il.); rarely act. <b class="b3">ἐκ-μαίνω</b> <b class="b2">make furious</b> (E., Ar.; <b class="b3">μαίνω</b> Orph.), aor. <b class="b3">μῆναι</b> (S., E.) with intr. midd. <b class="b3">μήνασθαι</b> (Z 160, Theoc.)<br />Other forms: aor. <b class="b3">μανῆναι</b> (IA.), fut. <b class="b3">μανέεται</b> (Hdt.), perf. (with pres.-mean.) <b class="b3">μέμηνα</b> (A., S.).<br />Compounds: also with prefix, e.g. <b class="b3">ἐκ-</b>, <b class="b3">περι-</b>, <b class="b3">ὑπο-</b>, <b class="b3">ἐν-</b>.<br />Derivatives: 1. From the present: <b class="b3">μαινάς</b>, <b class="b3">-άδος</b> f. <b class="b2">the raging, Bacchantess, Mänade</b> (Il.; Schwyzer 508, Sommer Münch. Stud. 4, 4); <b class="b3">μαινόλης</b>, Aeol. Dor. <b class="b3">-λας</b>, f. <b class="b3">-λις</b> [[raging]], [[excited]] (Sapph., A.; Schwyzer 408 and Mus. Helv. 3, 49ff., Chantraine Form. 237). 2. From the root: <b class="b3">μανία</b>, <b class="b3">-ίη</b> [[fury]], [[madness]] (IA.) cf. Scheller Oxytonierung 39); <b class="b3">μανικός</b>, <b class="b3">μανιώδης</b> [[furious]], [[raging]] (IA.), f. also <b class="b3">μανιάς</b> <b class="b2">id.</b> (after <b class="b3">λύσσα</b>: <b class="b3">-άς</b>, Schwyzer 508). Verbaladj. like <b class="b3">ἐμ-μανής</b> [[raging]] (IA), prob. hypostasis (to <b class="b3">μανία</b>) after <b class="b3">ἐμ-φανής</b> a.o. (<b class="b3">ἐμ-μαίνομαι</b> first Act. Ap., J.).<br />Origin: IE [Indo-European] [726] <b class="b2">*men-</b> <b class="b2">think, be excited</b><br />Etymology: On <b class="b3">μάντις</b> etc. s. v. With the zero-grade yot-present <b class="b3">μαίνομαι</b> from <b class="b3">*μαν-ι̯ο-μαι</b> agree formally several forms from diff. languages: Skt. <b class="b2">mányate</b> = Av. [[mainyeite]] [[think]], Celt., OIr. <b class="b2">do-moiniur</b> <b class="b2">believe, have the opinion</b>, Slav., e.g. OCS <b class="b2">mьnjǫ</b> <b class="b2">think, consider as</b>, Lith. <b class="b2">miniù</b> [[think]], [[remember]] (innovation for older <b class="b2">menù</b>?; s. Fraenkel Wb. ), IE <b class="b2">*mn̥-i̯o</b> \/ <b class="b2">e-</b>. With <b class="b3">μανῆ-ναι</b> agree formally also the Balto-Slav. inf. Lith. <b class="b2">minė́-ti</b>, OCS <b class="b2">mьně-ti</b> as well as Goth. 3. sg. <b class="b2">munai-Þ</b> <b class="b3">μέλλει</b>, thinks (to do)'; genetic connection however is doubtful, as Goth. [[munaiÞ]] may as well agree with Skt. <b class="b2">manāy-ati</b> <b class="b2">be eager</b> and for posthom. <b class="b3">μανῆναι</b> (as if from <b class="b3">μανέεται</b>) also analogical origin (<b class="b3">φαίνομαι</b> : <b class="b3">φανῆναι</b>; J. Schmidt KZ 37, 44) is possible; on Lith. <b class="b2">minė́ti</b> etc. s. also Fraenkel l.c. and Lexis 2, 196. Also <b class="b3">μήνασθαι</b> (analogical or from <b class="b3">*μαν-σ-</b>, Chantraine Gramm. hom. 1, 412) and <b class="b3">μέμηνα</b> (after <b class="b3">τακῆναι</b> : <b class="b3">τέτηκα</b> a. o.) are Greek formations. With the formal reorganisation goes the semantic emancipation; the connection with the widespread group <b class="b3">μένος</b>, <b class="b3">μέμονα</b>, <b class="b3">μιμνήσκω</b> (s. vv.) can still be seen e.g. in Z 100 f.: <b class="b3">ἀλλ</b>' <b class="b3">ὅδε λίην</b> | <b class="b3">μαίνεται οὑδέ τίς οἱ δύναται μένος ἰσοφαρίζειν</b> (cf. Porzig Satzinhalte 34). - [Not with J. Schmidt l.c. and Specht KZ 62, 79 (cf. also Schwyzer 694 n. 3) to <b class="b3">μαιμάω</b>.]

}}