αὐδή: Difference between revisions

{{etym

|etymtx=Grammatical information: f.<br />Meaning: <b class="b2">(human) voice, sound, speech</b> (Il.).<br />Other forms: <b class="b3">*οὐδήεσσα</b> is a suggestion of Aristotle for <b class="b3">αὐδ</b>., meant as [[ἐπίγειος]]; Beekes, Die Spr. 18, 1972, 127f.<br />Derivatives: <b class="b3">αὐδήεις</b> <b class="b2">with (human) voice</b> (Il.); denom. verb <b class="b3">αὐδάω</b>, aor. <b class="b3">αὐδῆσαι</b> <b class="b2">talk, speak, speak to</b> (Il.). (Chantr.'s opposition of a god(dess) with a human voice, language as opposed to the language of the gods is wrong. It means <b class="b2">having a voice (to speak with)</b>, which may be [[human]] or [[beautiful]] as the context requires; s. Beekes, l.c. 128 n.3.<br />Origin: IE [Indo-European] [76] <b class="b2">*h₂ued-</b> [[speak]]<br />Etymology: Long since derived from a root <b class="b2">au̯ed-</b>, seen in <b class="b3">ἀείδω</b>, and with long grade in <b class="b3">ἀ(Ϝ)ηδ-ών</b>. An o-grade (<b class="b2">*h₂uod-</b>, perhaps with loss of the laryngeal: De Saussure's law) would be found in `<b class="b3">Ησί-(Ϝ)οδος</b> and in <b class="b3">Ϝοδόν</b> (written <b class="b3">γοδόν</b>) <b class="b3">γόητα</b> and <b class="b3">Ϝοδᾶν</b> (written <b class="b3">γ-</b>) <b class="b3">κλαίειν</b> H. (but Chantr. considers the glosses unreliable). The zero grade was seen in <b class="b3">ὑδέω</b>. The problem is that <b class="b2">*h₂u-ed-</b> beside <b class="b2">*h₂u-ei-d</b> is not easy, and that a long vowel in <b class="b2">*h₂u-ed-</b> is also not very probable; there is also discussion whether <b class="b2">*h₂ud-</b> gave <b class="b3">ὑδ-</b> (Beekes) or <b class="b3">αὐδ-</b> (Peters, Lar. 65ff, 72). - Outside Greek <b class="b2">*h₂ued-</b> perhaps in Skt. <b class="b2">vádati</b> [[speak]], with zero grade <b class="b2">ud-</b> in <b class="b2">ud-itá-</b>. (Lith. <b class="b2">vadinù</b> [[call]], [[name]], however, has <b class="b2">*-dʰ-</b>: Winter's law). Long grade e. g. Skt. <b class="b2">vāda-</b> m. [[sound]], [[call]], OCS [[vada]] [[calumnia]], OHG <b class="b2">far-wāʒan</b> [[deny]]. Uncertain Toch. A <b class="b2">wätk-</b>, B <b class="b2">watk-</b> [[order]]. - S. [[ἀηδών]], [[ἀείδω]], <b class="b3">ὑδέω</b>, <b class="b3">οὐδήεσσα</b>.

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