ἔαρ: Difference between revisions

{{etym

|etymtx=1. <b class="b3">-ρος</b><br />Grammatical information: n.<br />Meaning: [[blood]], metaph. [[sap]] (Call.; acc to H. Cyprian).<br />Other forms: (also <b class="b3">εἶαρ</b>, <b class="b3">ἦαρ</b>)<br />Compounds: As 1. member in <b class="b3">εἰαροπότης αἱμοπότης</b>, <b class="b3">ψυχοπότης</b> H.; <b class="b3">εἰαροπῶτις</b> acc. to schol. T v. l. for <b class="b3">ἠεροφοῖτις</b> (<b class="b3">Ἐρινύς</b>) Τ 87 (Fraenkel Nom. ag. 1, 114 m. n. 1).<br />Derivatives: None<br />Origin: IE [Indo-European] [343] <b class="b2">*h₁esh₂-r̥</b> [[blood]]<br />Etymology: Old word for blood: Hitt. <b class="b2">ešḫar</b>, gen. <b class="b2">eš(ḫa)naš</b>, Skt. <b class="b2">ásr̥k</b>, gen. <b class="b2">asnáḥ</b>, Lat. [[aser]] (Gloss., Paul. Fest.; form uncertain), Toch. AB [[ysār]], B [[yasar]], Latv. [[asins]]; extended form in Arm. <b class="b2">ar-iwn</b> (Kortlandt, Armeniaca 2003, 131f.. < <b class="b2">*esar</b>). The original <b class="b2">r-n-</b>stem is maintained in Hitt. and Skt. - The vowellength will be due to metrical lengthening (old, Schulze Q. 165f.). - As in Greek by [[αἷμα]] (s. d.) the word was replaced in Latin and Sanskrit ([[sanguis]], <b class="b2">rudhirám</b> cf. on <b class="b3">ἐρυθρός</b>).<br />2. <b class="b3">ἔαρος</b><br />Grammatical information: n.<br />Meaning: [[spring]] (Il.; cf Schwyzer 251).<br />Other forms: also <b class="b3">ἦρος</b>, <b class="b3">ἦρι</b> (Att., also Ion. and Alc.) with new nom. <b class="b3">ἦρ</b> (Alcm.)<br />Compounds: As 1. member in <b class="b3">ἐαρί-δρεπτος</b> <b class="b2">picked in spring</b> (Pi.), <b class="b3">ἐαρο-τρεφής</b> (Mosch.) etc.<br />Derivatives: <b class="b3">ἐαρινός</b> (also <b class="b3">εἰ-</b>, <b class="b3">ἠ-</b> like <b class="b3">εἴαρος</b> through metrical lengthening), poet. also <b class="b3">ἠρινός</b> <b class="b2">belonging to the spring</b> (Il.); idem <b class="b3">ἐάρτερος</b> (Nic. Th. 380, with contrasting <b class="b3">-τερος</b>, Schwyzer-Debrunner 183); <b class="b3">ἐαρίδας τὰς κανθαρίδας</b> H.; on the semantics Strömberg Wortstudien 13. - Denomin. verb <b class="b3">ἐαρίζω</b> <b class="b2">bloom as in spring etc.</b> (Pl.).<br />Origin: IE [Indo-European] [1174] <b class="b2">*u̯es-r̥</b> [[spring]]<br />Etymology: From <b class="b3">γέαρ ἔαρ</b> H. and Hom. prosody (Chantraine Gramm. hom. 1, 128) one concludes to <b class="b3">Ϝέαρ</b>, from <b class="b3">*Ϝέσαρ</b>, an old <b class="b2">r-n-</b>stem: Av. loc. [[vaŋri]] < <b class="b2">*vasr-i</b> <b class="b2">in spring</b>, Arm. <b class="b2">gar-un</b> [[spring]], Lith. <b class="b2">vasar-à</b> [[summer]]; OCS etc. <b class="b2">vesn-a</b> [[spring]], Skt. <b class="b2">vasan-tá-</b> <b class="b2">id.</b> (cf. <b class="b2">heman-tá-</b> [[winter]], s. <b class="b3">χειμών</b>). On the Celtic forms s. Pok 1174. - Beside IE <b class="b2">*u̯es-r-</b>, <b class="b2">*u̯es-n-</b> Lat. [[vēr]], ONord. [[vār]] n. (<b class="b2">o-</b>stem). Porzig Gliederung 110f. suggests, that Lat.-Germ. <b class="b2">*u̯ēr-</b> was changed after the wordt for [[year]], IE <b class="b2">*i̯ēr-</b> (s. <b class="b3">ὥρα</b>). - With <b class="b3">ἐαρινός</b> cf. Lith. <b class="b2">vasarìnis</b> <b class="b2">of the summer</b> and Lat. [[vernus]] (like [[hibernus]], [[hornus]]).

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