ἕως: Difference between revisions

{{etym

|etymtx=1. <b class="b3">-ω</b><br />Grammatical information: f.<br />Meaning: <b class="b2">dawn, day-break</b> (Il.).<br />Other forms: Ion. (also hell.) <b class="b3">ἠώς</b>, <b class="b3">-οῦς</b>, Dor. <b class="b3">ἀϜώς</b>, <b class="b3">ἀϜώρ</b>, gen. <b class="b3">ἀϜῶ</b>, Aeol. <b class="b3">αὔως</b> f.<br />Compounds: As 1. member in <b class="b3">ἑωσ-φόρος</b>, Dor. <b class="b3">ἀωσ-φόρος</b> <b class="b2">bringer of dawn, morning-star</b> (Ψ 226, Pi. I. 4 (3), 24 ); see Wackernagel Unt. 100ff., where Hom. <b class="b3">ἑωσ-φόρος</b> is considered as ep. Atticism; s. also Chantraine Gramm. hom. 1, 72 and (with improbable hypothesis) Schwyzer 440 n. 8.<br />Derivatives: <b class="b3">ἑώϊος</b>, <b class="b3">ἑῳ̃ος</b>, <b class="b3">ἠοῖος</b>, <b class="b3">ἠῳ̃ος</b> (see Wackernagel Unt. 106f.) <b class="b2">of the morning, eastern</b> (Il.), <b class="b3">ἕωλος</b> <b class="b2">belonging to dawn, a night long</b>, of food etc. (Att. etc.; on the pejorative <b class="b3">λ-</b>suffix Chantraine Formation 239); adv. <b class="b3">ἕωθεν</b>, ep. <b class="b3">ἠῶθεν</b>, Dor. <b class="b3">ἀῶθεν</b> <b class="b2">from the morning on, early in the morning</b> (Il.) with <b class="b3">ἑωθινός</b> <b class="b2">of the morning</b> (Hdt., Hp.; cf. Wackernagel Unt. 104 w. n. 1, Schwyzer 490); Hom. <b class="b3">ἠῶθι</b> in <b class="b3">ἠῶθι πρό</b> <b class="b2">early in the morning</b>; explanation uncertain, cf. Schwyzer 628 n. 6, Chantraine Gramm. hom. 1, 246.<br />Origin: IE [Indo-European] [86] <b class="b2">*h₂eus-os</b> [[dawn]]<br />Etymology: The barytonesis in <b class="b3">ἕως</b> as against <b class="b3">ἠώς</b> Wackernagel, Gött. Nachr. 1914, 49ff. (= Kl. Schr. 2, 1151ff.) thinks to explain from frequent <b class="b3">ἕωθεν</b>, where it is regular (Schwyzer 383). The aspiration will be due to replacement as in <b class="b3">εὕω</b> (Schwyzer 219; after Sommer Lautstud. 11f. however from <b class="b3">ἑσπέρα</b>). - PGr. *<b class="b3">ἀϜώς</b> for <b class="b3">*ἀυhώς</b> < IE <b class="b2">*h₂eusṓs</b> and is identical with Lat. <b class="b2">aurōr-a</b> (except the added <b class="b2">-a</b>, cf. [[flōs]] : <b class="b2">Flōr-a</b>). Witɦ zero grade Skt. <b class="b2">uṣā́s</b> f. [[dawn]] < <b class="b2">*h₂usṓs</b>. A corresponding <b class="b2">r-</b>stem, IE <b class="b2">*h₂eus-r-</b>, <b class="b2">h₂us-r-</b>, is seen in [[αὔριον]] (s. v.) with <b class="b3">ἄγχ-αυρος</b> <b class="b2">near the morning</b> (A. R. 4, 111), in Lith. <b class="b2">aušr-à</b> [[dawn]], Skt. <b class="b2">usr-á-</b> <b class="b2">of the morning</b>, <b class="b2">uṣar-búdh-</b> <b class="b2">waking at dawn</b>. Of the other cognates be mentioned OCS <b class="b2">za ustra</b> <b class="b2">at dawn</b>, Germ., e. g. OHG <b class="b2">ōst(a)ra</b>, <b class="b2">-ūn</b> [[Easter]]. - An ablauting full grade, <b class="b2">*h₂u̯es-r-</b>, in e. g. Skt. <b class="b2">vasar-hā́</b> (RV. 1, 122,3), of the wind, meaning uncertain, <b class="b2">vāsar-á-</b> <b class="b2">of the morning</b>, Celt., e. g. MIr. [[fāir]] [[sunrise]], IE <b class="b2">*h₂u̯ōsr-i-</b>. There is a <b class="b2">sḱ-</b>present, Skt. <b class="b2">uccháti</b> = Av. [[usaiti]] <b class="b2">lights up (of the morning)</b>, IE <b class="b2">*h₂us-sḱ-éti</b>, with the full grade athematic root-aorist <b class="b2">a-vas-ran</b>. Uncertain Hitt. [[uškizzi]] (= [[[usketsi]]]) <b class="b2">he sees</b> from <b class="b2">auš-zi</b> <b class="b2">he sees</b>, 2. sg. [[autti]] (= <b class="b2">au-ti</b>). - More forms W.-Hofmann 1, 86 a. 87, Pok. 86f.; also Burger REIE 1, 447ff. - Cf. <b class="b3">ἠϊκανός</b>.<br />2.<br />Grammatical information: pcle<br />Meaning: <b class="b2">until, as long as</b> (Il.); prep. w. gen. (rarely acc.) [[till]] (hell.).<br />Other forms: ep. <b class="b3">ἧος</b> (written. <b class="b3">εἵως</b>, <b class="b3">ἕως</b>, s. Chantr. Gr. hom. 1,11, but also West, Glotta 44 (1967) 135), Aeol. <b class="b3">ἆος</b>, Dor. <b class="b3">ἇς</b>, Hom. also demonstr. <b class="b2">for some time</b>.<br />Origin: IE [Indo-European] [283!] <b class="b2">*ieh₂u̯ot</b> <b class="b2">as long as, until</b><br />Etymology: From PGr. <b class="b3">*ἇϜος</b> and identical with the Skt. relative <b class="b2">yā́vat</b> <b class="b2">as long as</b> except for the final consonant (an extra <b class="b2">-s</b>? see Schwyzer 409f. and 528, and Szemerényi Glotta 35 (1956) 94f.). - On the use Schwyzer-Debrunner 550, 650, 657. Cf. <b class="b3">τέως</b> and 1. <b class="b3">ὅς</b>.

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