θερμός: Difference between revisions

{{etym

|etymtx=Grammatical information: adj.<br />Meaning: [[warm]] (Il.).<br />Compounds: Often as 1, member, e. g. <b class="b3">Θερμο-πύλαι</b> (Hdt.; s. Risch IF 59, 267). On <b class="b3">ἄ-</b>, <b class="b3">ἔκ-</b>, <b class="b3">ἔν-θερμος</b> etc. s. below on <b class="b3">θέρμη</b> and <b class="b3">θερμαίνω</b>.<br />Derivatives: A. Substantives. 1. <b class="b3">θέρμη</b>, also <b class="b3">-μα</b> (s, Schwyzer 476 n. 2, Chantraine Formation 102 and 148) f. <b class="b2">warmth, heat, heat of fever</b> (IA) with <b class="b3">ἄ-θερμος</b> <b class="b2">without warmth</b> (Frisk Adj. priv. 11), <b class="b3">ἔν-θερμος</b> <b class="b2">with warmth inside, warm</b> (Strömberg Greek Prefix Studies 95); <b class="b3">θερμίζω</b> <b class="b2">be feverish</b> (Euboea). 2. <b class="b3">θερμότης</b> [[warmth]], [[heat]] (IA). 3. <b class="b3">θερμωλή</b> <b class="b2">id.</b> (Hp.; Frisk Eranos 41, 52). 4. <b class="b3">θερμέλη ἡ θέρμη</b> Suid. (Strömberg Wortstudien 79). 5. <b class="b3">θέρμασσα</b> = <b class="b3">κάμινος</b> (Hdn. Gr. 1, 267; formation unclear, cf. Schwyzer 525f., Müller-Graupa Glotta 31, 129). - B. Adjectives: 1. <b class="b3">θερμώδης</b> [[lukewarm]] (Aret.); here <b class="b3">Θερμώδων</b>, <b class="b3">-οντος</b> river name (Boeotia, Pontos; s. Krahe Beitr. z. Namenforschung 2, 236; 3, 162). 2. <b class="b3">θερμηρός</b> adjunct of <b class="b3">ποτήριον</b> (H. s. <b class="b3">κελέβη</b>; to <b class="b3">θέρμη</b>?). - C. Verbs: 1. <b class="b3">θέρμετο</b> ipf. <b class="b2">became warm</b> (Il.), <b class="b3">θέρμετε</b> ipv. <b class="b2">warmeth!</b> (θ 426; after it Ar. Ra. 1339); on the formation cf. Schwyzer 722f. 2. <b class="b3">θερμαίνω</b>, aor. <b class="b3">θερμῆναι</b> [[warm]] (Il.), often with prefix, e. g. <b class="b3">ἐκ-θερμαίνω</b> <b class="b2">warm completely</b> (Hp., Arist.) with postverbal <b class="b3">ἔκθερμος</b> <b class="b2">very hot</b> (Vett. Val.); from there <b class="b3">θέρμανσις</b> [[heating]] (Arist.) with <b class="b3">θερμαντικός</b> <b class="b2">fit to make warm</b> (Pl., Arist.), <b class="b3">θερμασία</b> [[heating]], [[warmth]] (Hp., Arist.; cf. Schwyzer 469), <b class="b3">θέρμασμα</b> <b class="b2">warming cuff</b> (medic.; s. Chantraine Formation 176), <b class="b3">θερμάστρα</b> s. <b class="b3">θερμάζω</b>; <b class="b3">θερμαντήρ</b> "warmer", <b class="b2">kettle to cook water</b> (Poll.) with <b class="b3">θερμαντήριος</b> [[warming]] (Hp., inscr.). 3. <b class="b3">θερμάζω</b> <b class="b2">id.</b> only aor. opt. med. <b class="b3">θερμάσσαιο</b> (Nic. Al. 587) with <b class="b3">θερμάστρα</b> f. [[furnace]] (Call.; also to <b class="b3">θερμαίνω</b>); also <b class="b3">θερμαύστρα</b> written through confusion with <b class="b3">θερμαυστρίς</b> (<b class="b3">θέρμ-</b>) <b class="b2">fire-tongs</b> (Arist., H.), cf. <b class="b3">πυρ-αύστρα</b> <b class="b2">id.</b> (<b class="b3">αὔειν</b> <b class="b2">bring fire</b>); also metaph. as name of a dance (Poll., Ath.) with <b class="b3">θερμαυστρίζω</b> (Critias, Luc.); from <b class="b3">θερμάστρα</b>: <b class="b3">θερμαστρίς</b> (<b class="b3">θέρμ-</b>) = <b class="b3">θερμαντήρ</b> (Eup., LXX); the forms in <b class="b3">-αστρ-</b>, <b class="b3">-αυστρ-</b> are not regularly distinguished, cf. Schulze Kl. Schr. 189 w. n. 6; through dissimilation <b class="b3">θέρμαστις</b> meaning unclear (Attica IVa) with <b class="b3">θερμάστιον</b> (Aen. Tact.).<br />Origin: IE [Indo-European] [493] <b class="b2">*gʷʰermo-</b> [[warm]]<br />Etymology: Inherited adjective, identical with Arm. <b class="b2">ǰerm</b> [[warm]], Thrak.-Phryg. <b class="b2">germo-</b> (in GN, e.g. <b class="b3">Γέρμη</b>), IE <b class="b2">*gʷʰermo-</b>; also in substantivized funktion Alb. [[zjarm]], [[zjarr]] [[heat]]. With <b class="b2">o-</b>vocalism, originally substantiv., IE <b class="b2">*gʷʰormo-</b> in Skt. <b class="b2">gharmá-</b> m. [[heat]], OPr. [[gorme]] <b class="b2">id.</b>; sec. also adjectival in Av. <b class="b2">garǝma-</b>, Lat. [[formus]], Germ., e. g. NHG [[warm]] . Uncertain Toch. A <b class="b2">śārme</b> <b class="b2">heat (?)</b>. More forms in W.-Hofmann s. [[formus]], Mayrhofer Wb. s. <b class="b2">gharmáḥ</b>; s. on [[θέρομαι]], <b class="b3">θέρος</b>.

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