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καθαρός: Difference between revisions
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|etymtx=Grammatical information: adj.<br />Meaning: <b class="b2">clean, spotless, pure, unmixed, white (of bread, linnen)</b> (Il.); <b class="b3">καθάρειος</b> (<b class="b3">-ιος</b>) [[pure]], [[elegant]] (Arist., Men., Plb.), adv. <b class="b3">καθαρείως</b> (X.), after <b class="b3">ἀστεῖος</b>; <b class="b3">καθάρυλλος</b> (<b class="b3">ἄρτος</b> etc., Com.; cf. Leumann Glotta 32, 219 n. 3).<br />Other forms: Dor. (Heracl.) <b class="b3">κοθαρός</b>, Aeol. (Alc.) <b class="b3">κόθαρος</b><br />Derivatives: <b class="b3">καθαρότης</b> [[purity]] (Hp., Pl.), <b class="b3">καθαρ(ε)ιότης</b> [[purity]], [[refinement]] (Hdt.). - Denomin. verbs: 1. <b class="b3">καθαίρω</b> (<b class="b3">κοθ-</b> Herakl.), often with prefix, e. g. <b class="b3">ἀνα-</b>, <b class="b3">ἀπο-</b>, <b class="b3">δια-</b>, <b class="b3">ἐκ-</b>, <b class="b3">περι-</b>, aor. <b class="b3">καθῆραι</b> (<b class="b3">-ᾶραι</b>) [[purify]] (Il.) with <b class="b3">κάθαρσις</b> (IA.), <b class="b3">κόθ-</b> (El.) [[purification]], <b class="b3">καθαρμός</b> [[atonement]] (Hdt., trag.), <b class="b3">κάθαρμα</b>, often in plur. [[purification]], [[refuse]] (Att.); <b class="b3">καθαρτής</b> [[purifyer]], [[conciliater]] (Hp., S.), <b class="b3">-τήρ</b> <b class="b2">id.</b> (Man., Plu.), <b class="b3">-τήριος</b> (D. H.); <b class="b3">καθάρσιος</b> (: <b class="b3">καθαρτής</b>, <b class="b3">κάθαρσις</b>, <b class="b3">καθαρτός</b>) [[purifying]] (Hdt., trag.), <b class="b3">καθαρτικός</b> <b class="b2">id.</b> (Hp., Pl.). - 2. <b class="b3">καθαρίζω</b>, also with prefix, <b class="b3">ἀπο-</b>, <b class="b3">δια-</b>, <b class="b3">ἐκ-</b>, <b class="b3">περι-</b>, [[purify]] (LXX) with <b class="b3">καθαρισμός</b> (LXX), <b class="b3">καθάρισις</b> (pap.) a. o. - 3. <b class="b3">καθαρεύω</b> <b class="b2">be pure</b> (Ar., Pl.) with <b class="b3">καθάρευσις</b> (H., EM); also <b class="b3">καθαρι-εύω</b> (Paus., gramm.). - 4. <b class="b3">καθαρι-όω</b> [[purify]] (LXX).<br />Origin: PG [a word of Pre-Greek origin]<br />Etymology: Solmsen KZ 37, 7A. thought that <b class="b3">καθαρός</b> was assimilated from <b class="b3">κοθαρός</b>; Schwyzer 344 thought that <b class="b3">κοθαρός</b> was Aeolic. - No etymology. Suggestions in Bq. Schwyzer 260 (to Lith. <b class="b2">krečiù</b> [[shake]]). Acc. to Debrunner in Ebert, Reallexikon 4, 2, 526 religious term of Pre-Greek origin The variation <b class="b3">α</b>\/<b class="b3">ο</b> proves Pre-Greek origin. (Fur. 391 connects <b class="b3">ἀθαρής</b>; doubtful.. | |etymtx=Grammatical information: adj.<br />Meaning: <b class="b2">clean, spotless, pure, unmixed, white (of bread, linnen)</b> (Il.); <b class="b3">καθάρειος</b> (<b class="b3">-ιος</b>) [[pure]], [[elegant]] (Arist., Men., Plb.), adv. <b class="b3">καθαρείως</b> (X.), after <b class="b3">ἀστεῖος</b>; <b class="b3">καθάρυλλος</b> (<b class="b3">ἄρτος</b> etc., Com.; cf. Leumann Glotta 32, 219 n. 3).<br />Other forms: Dor. (Heracl.) <b class="b3">κοθαρός</b>, Aeol. (Alc.) <b class="b3">κόθαρος</b><br />Derivatives: <b class="b3">καθαρότης</b> [[purity]] (Hp., Pl.), <b class="b3">καθαρ(ε)ιότης</b> [[purity]], [[refinement]] (Hdt.). - Denomin. verbs: 1. <b class="b3">καθαίρω</b> (<b class="b3">κοθ-</b> Herakl.), often with prefix, e. g. <b class="b3">ἀνα-</b>, <b class="b3">ἀπο-</b>, <b class="b3">δια-</b>, <b class="b3">ἐκ-</b>, <b class="b3">περι-</b>, aor. <b class="b3">καθῆραι</b> (<b class="b3">-ᾶραι</b>) [[purify]] (Il.) with <b class="b3">κάθαρσις</b> (IA.), <b class="b3">κόθ-</b> (El.) [[purification]], <b class="b3">καθαρμός</b> [[atonement]] (Hdt., trag.), <b class="b3">κάθαρμα</b>, often in plur. [[purification]], [[refuse]] (Att.); <b class="b3">καθαρτής</b> [[purifyer]], [[conciliater]] (Hp., S.), <b class="b3">-τήρ</b> <b class="b2">id.</b> (Man., Plu.), <b class="b3">-τήριος</b> (D. H.); <b class="b3">καθάρσιος</b> (: <b class="b3">καθαρτής</b>, <b class="b3">κάθαρσις</b>, <b class="b3">καθαρτός</b>) [[purifying]] (Hdt., trag.), <b class="b3">καθαρτικός</b> <b class="b2">id.</b> (Hp., Pl.). - 2. <b class="b3">καθαρίζω</b>, also with prefix, <b class="b3">ἀπο-</b>, <b class="b3">δια-</b>, <b class="b3">ἐκ-</b>, <b class="b3">περι-</b>, [[purify]] (LXX) with <b class="b3">καθαρισμός</b> (LXX), <b class="b3">καθάρισις</b> (pap.) a. o. - 3. <b class="b3">καθαρεύω</b> <b class="b2">be pure</b> (Ar., Pl.) with <b class="b3">καθάρευσις</b> (H., EM); also <b class="b3">καθαρι-εύω</b> (Paus., gramm.). - 4. <b class="b3">καθαρι-όω</b> [[purify]] (LXX).<br />Origin: PG [a word of Pre-Greek origin]<br />Etymology: Solmsen KZ 37, 7A. thought that <b class="b3">καθαρός</b> was assimilated from <b class="b3">κοθαρός</b>; Schwyzer 344 thought that <b class="b3">κοθαρός</b> was Aeolic. - No etymology. Suggestions in Bq. Schwyzer 260 (to Lith. <b class="b2">krečiù</b> [[shake]]). Acc. to Debrunner in Ebert, Reallexikon 4, 2, 526 religious term of Pre-Greek origin The variation <b class="b3">α</b>\/<b class="b3">ο</b> proves Pre-Greek origin. (Fur. 391 connects <b class="b3">ἀθαρής</b>; doubtful.. | ||
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{{mdlsj | |||
|mdlsjtxt=!κᾰθᾰρός,<br /><b class="num">1.</b> [[clear]] of [[dirt]], [[clean]], [[spotless]], [[unsoiled]], Od., Hdt., Eur.<br /><b class="num">2.</b> [[clear]], [[open]], [[free]], ἐν καθαρῷ (sc. τόπῳ) in a [[clear]], [[open]] [[space]], Il.; ἐν καθαρῷ [[βῆναι]] to [[leave]] the way [[clear]], Soph.; διὰ καθαροῦ ῥέειν, of a [[river]] whose [[course]] is [[clear]] and [[open]], Hdt.; τὸ ἐμποδὼν [[ἐγεγόνεε]] καθαρόν the [[hindrance]] was cleared [[away]], Hdt.:—c. gen., [[γλῶσσα]] καθαρὴ τῶν σημηΐων [[clear]] of the marks, Hdt.<br /><b class="num">3.</b> in [[moral]] [[sense]], [[clear]] from [[shame]] or [[pollution]], [[pure]], καθαρῷ θανάτῳ Od.: esp. [[clear]] of [[guilt]] or [[defilement]], [[clean]], [[pure]], Theogn., Aesch.; καθαρὸς χεῖρας Hdt.:—so, of persons purified [[after]] [[pollution]], [[ἱκέτης]] προσῆλθες κ. Aesch.; of things, βωμοί, θύματα, δόμοι, μέλαθρα Aesch., Eur.:—c. gen. [[clear]] of or from a [[charge]], κ. ἐγκλημάτων, ἀδικίας, κακῶν, etc., Horace's sceleris [[purus]], Plat., Xen.<br /><b class="num">4.</b> opp. to [[θολερός]], [[clear]] of [[admixture]], [[clear]], [[pure]], of [[water]], Hdt., Eur.; so, κ. [[φάος]], [[φέγγος]] Pind.; κ. [[ἄρτος]] [[χρυσός]] Hdt.; [[ἀργύριον]] Theocr.<br /><b class="num">5.</b> of [[birth]], opp. to [[ξένος]], [[pure]], , [[genuine]], Pind., Eur.; τῶν Ἀθηναίων [[ὅπερ]] ἐστράτευε καθαρὸν ἐξῆλθε, i. e. who were citizens of [[pure]] [[blood]], Thuc.:— καθαρόν a [[real]], [[genuine]] [[saying]], Thuc.<br /><b class="num">6.</b> without [[blemish]], τὸ καθαρὸν τοῦ στρατοῦ the [[sound]] [[portion]] of the [[army]], Hdt.<br /><b class="num">7.</b> [[clear]], [[exact]], ἂν καθαραὶ [[ὦσιν]] αἱ ψῆφοι if the accounts are [[clear]], [[exactly]] [[balanced]], Dem.<br /><b class="num">II.</b> adv. [[καθαρῶς]], Hes.; [[καθαρῶς]] γεγονέναι to be of [[pure]] [[blood]], Hdt.<br /><b class="num">2.</b> with [[clean]] hands, [[honestly]], Theogn., Plat.<br /><b class="num">3.</b> [[clearly]], [[plainly]], λέγειν Ar.; [[γνῶναι]], [[εἰδέναι]] Ar., Plat. | |||
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