σάφα: Difference between revisions

{{etym

|etymtx=Grammatical information: Adv.<br />Meaning: [[surely]], [[certainly]], [[definitely]], esp. with <b class="b3">οῖ᾽δα</b>, also w. other verbs of ḳnowing and saying (Il.).<br />Derivatives: Besides <b class="b3">σαφής</b> adj. <b class="b2">sure, definite, apparent, clear, evident</b> (Pi., A.; <b class="b3">σαφές</b> h. Merc.; s. bel.) with adv. <b class="b3">σαφέως</b>, <b class="b3">σαφῶς</b> <b class="b2">id.</b> (h. Cer.). Expressive enlargement <b class="b3">σαφ-ηνής</b>, Dor. <b class="b3">-ανής</b>, adv. <b class="b3">-ηνέως</b> (Pi., trag.; adv. also Hdt.), after <b class="b3">ἀπ-</b>, <b class="b3">προσ-ηνής</b> a. o. (to be rejected Prellwitz Glotta 19, 95ff.), with <b class="b3">σαφήν-εια</b> f. [[clarity]], [[clearness]] (Att. since A., Alcmaion; opposite <b class="b3">ἀσάφεια</b> from <b class="b3">ἀ-σαφής</b>), <b class="b3">-ίζω</b> <b class="b2">to make clear, to explain</b> (IA.) with <b class="b3">-ισμός</b>, <b class="b3">-ιστικός</b> (late). -- Quite doubtful <b class="b3">σαφήτωρ μάντις ἀληθής</b>, <b class="b3">μηνυτής</b>, <b class="b3">ἑρμηνευτής</b> H., as if from <b class="b3">*σαφέω</b> (<b class="b3">διασαφέω</b> since E.); certainly only arisen from a v. l. Ι 404 (for <b class="b3">ἀφήτωρ</b>).<br />Origin: XX [etym. unknown]; PGX [probably a word of Pre-Greek origin]<br />Etymology: Of the above words the earliest attested adv. <b class="b3">σάφα</b> (on the formation Schwyzer 622) seems to be the oldest; from this <b class="b3">σαφέως</b> (as <b class="b3">τάχα</b> : <b class="b3">ταχέως</b>), the ntr. <b class="b3">σαφές</b> (<b class="b3">σαφες δ</b>' <b class="b3">οὑκ οῖ᾽δα</b> h.Merc. 208) with <b class="b3">σαφέστερον</b>, and to this at last <b class="b3">σαφής</b> (Leumann Hom. Wörter 112 n. 77). -- Unexplained. Often analysed as in <b class="b3">σα-φής</b> with the 2. member of <b class="b3">φάος</b>, <b class="b3">φαίνω</b>; before this <b class="b3">σα-</b> as strengthening element, and this either with Prellwitz BB 22, 81 ff. to <b class="b3">σάος</b> (<b class="b2">*tuh₂-</b>; s. <b class="b3">σῶς</b> and <b class="b3">τύλη</b>) or with Brugmann IF 39, 114ff. to <b class="b3">τίς</b> (<b class="b2">*kʷih₂-</b>); prop. exclamation; cf. <b class="b3">Σίσυφος</b> and <b class="b3">σοφός</b>. Against this after Grošelj Živa Ant. 1, 127 to Ion. <b class="b3">σάω</b> [[sieve]] (s. [[διαττάω]] and [[σήθω]]), so prop. *'sieved'; <b class="b3">-φα</b> as in <b class="b3">μέσφα</b>. Older proposals in Bq and W.-Hofmann s. [[faber]], [[sapiō]] and [[tabula]]. -- Estensively on <b class="b3">σάφα</b> Luther "Wahrheit" u. "Lüge" 61 ff.; s. also Frisk GHÅ 41 (1935): 3, 20 (Kl. Schr. [Göteborg 1966] 18). -- Furnée suggests several connections, which are not evident (index s.v.); he concludes to Pre-Greek.

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