σικύα: Difference between revisions

{{etym

|etymtx=Grammatical information: f.<br />Meaning: <b class="b2">bottle gourd, Lagenaria vulgaris</b> (Hp., Arist., Thphr. etc.), metaph. <b class="b2">bleeding cup</b> (Hp., com., Pl. etc.) with <b class="b3">-υάζω</b> <b class="b2">to cup</b> (Arr.), with <b class="b3">-ύασις</b>, <b class="b3">-υασ-μός</b> (late).<br />Other forms: Ion. <b class="b3">-ύη</b> (<b class="b3">σεκούα</b> H.).<br />Compounds: As 1. element in <b class="b3">σικυ-ήλατον</b> n. <b class="b2">patch of gourds, cucumbers</b> (Hp.; <b class="b3">-ήρατον</b> pap.); to <b class="b3">ἐλαύνω</b> (resp. with <b class="b3">ρ</b> for <b class="b3">λ</b>; Schwyzer 213 w. lit.).<br />Derivatives: Besides <b class="b3">σίκυος</b> (<b class="b3">σικυός</b>) m. <b class="b2">cucumber or melon, Cueumis (sativus)</b> (Hp., com., Arist. etc.), also <b class="b3">σίκυς</b> f. <b class="b2">id.</b> (Alc., Dsc., Gal.). -- From this: dimin. <b class="b3">σικύ-διον</b> n. (Phryn. Com., pap. II -- IIIp); <b class="b3">-ώδης</b> <b class="b2">cucumber-like etc.</b> (Hp., Thphr.), <b class="b3">-ηδόν</b> <b class="b2">like a cucumber</b> (medic.), <b class="b3">-ών</b> m. <b class="b2">cucumber patch</b>, <b class="b3">-ώνη</b> f. = <b class="b3">σίκυος ἄγριος</b>, also <b class="b2">bleeding cup</b> (Hdt.; like <b class="b3">κροτώνη</b> a. o.), <b class="b3">-ωνία</b> f. = <b class="b3">κολοκύνθη</b> (Hp., Plu.). Also <b class="b3">Σικυών</b> (<b class="b3">Σεκυ-</b>), <b class="b3">-ῶνος</b> m. f. "cucumber city", city not far from Corinth (Il.) with <b class="b3">-ώνιος</b>, <b class="b3">-ωνικός</b>.<br />Origin: PG [a word of Pre-Greek origin]<br />Etymology: With <b class="b3">σίκυς</b> cf. <b class="b3">ῥάφυς</b>, <b class="b3">κάχρυς</b> a. other plant names; <b class="b3">σικύα</b> as <b class="b3">οἰσύα</b>, <b class="b3">ὀστρύα</b> etc.; cf. also Heubeck Praegraeca 37. In the variation <b class="b3">σικ-</b> σικύα <b class="b3">σεκ-</b> Specht KZ 61, 277ff. wants to see (s. also Kretschmer Glotta 26, 57) two diff. products of dissimilation of orig. <b class="b3">*σύκυς</b>, what can be proven nor disproven because of the unknown origin of the word [but s. bel.] (in spite of Slav. [[tyky]]). The partial agreement with <b class="b3">κύκυον τὸν σικυόν</b>, <b class="b3">κυκύϊζα γλυκεῖα κολόκυντα</b> H., with Lat. [[cucumis]] [[cucumber]] as well as with Slav., e.g. ORuss. [[tyky]] [[pumpkin]], to which also Sem., e.g. Hebr. [[qiššu]][[ā]] [[cucumber]], has since long been observed, but a convincing etymology has not yet been found. In any case an old LW [loanword]; source unknown. Extensive lit. in W.-Hofmann s. [[cucumis]] and Vasmer s. <b class="b2">týkva</b>; further Schrader-Nehring Reallex. 1, 652 ff. New hypothesis by Deroy Rev. int. d'onom. 12, 23f.: pregr., from [[ku]] in <b class="b3">κυέω</b> and strengthening <b class="b2">se-</b>, <b class="b2">si-</b> (similar with IE means Brugmann IF 39, 140 ff.). -- The variation points clearly to Pre-Greek (e.g. <b class="b3">ι</b>\/<b class="b3">ε</b>, <b class="b3">υ</b>\/<b class="b3">ου</b>), Furnée 251, 354, 257, 367.

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