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κοινός: Difference between revisions
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|etymtx=Grammatical information: adj.<br />Meaning: [[common]], [[public]], [[usual]], [[impartial]], <b class="b3">τὸ κοινόν</b> <b class="b2">the community, common good, public, leading authority, league</b> (IA., Hes.; Hom. has <b class="b3">ξυνός</b>);<br />Compounds: several compp.<br />Derivatives: 1. <b class="b3">*κοινάων</b> (Schwyzer 521, Chantraine Formation 163) > Dor. Arc. <b class="b3">κοινάν</b>, <b class="b3">-ᾶνος</b> m. (Pi., Lokris, Tegea), Att. <b class="b3">κοινεών</b>, <b class="b3">-ῶνος</b> m. (E. HF 149, 340), <b class="b3">κοινών</b>, <b class="b3">-ῶνος</b> m. (X. Cyr.; nach <b class="b3">κοινωνέω</b> etc.) <b class="b2">fellow-traveller, companion</b>; from there Dor. <b class="b3">κοινανέω</b> (Dor. treaty ap. Th. 5, 79, 1; Argos, Delphi), Att. <b class="b3">κοινωνέω</b> (for <b class="b3">*κοινεωνέω</b>) <b class="b2">be participater, participate</b> with <b class="b3">κοινανία</b> (Pi.), Att. <b class="b3">κοινωνία</b> [[community]], [[share]] and <b class="b3">κοινωνός</b> <b class="b2">companion etc.</b> (prob. backformation; Leumann Hom. Wörter 224 n., Mom. 3); from there <b class="b3">κοινανικός</b> (Archyt.), <b class="b3">κοινωνικός</b> (Att.) [[common]], [[social]]; <b class="b3">κοινωνιμαῖος</b> <b class="b2">regarding the community</b> (pap.; Chantraine Formation 49, Mél. Maspéro 2, 220); from <b class="b3">κοινωνέω</b> also <b class="b3">κοινώνημα</b> (Pl., Arist.). - Further nominal derivv.: 2. <b class="b3">κοινότης</b> f. [[community]], [[affability]] (Att., hell.); 3. <b class="b3">κοινεῖον</b> <b class="b2">public hall, community etc.</b> (inscr.); 4. <b class="b3">κοινάριον</b> dimin. of <b class="b3">κοινόν</b> (written [[cynarium]], CIL 13, 10021, 199). - Denomin. verb <b class="b3">κοινόω</b>, <b class="b3">-όομαι</b> <b class="b2">makre communal, share</b>, also <b class="b2">make communal, profanate</b>, midd. <b class="b2">act as member of a community, participate, ask for advice</b> (IA; Pi. aor. <b class="b3">κοινᾶσαι</b>) with <b class="b3">κοίνωμα</b>, <b class="b3">-μάτιον</b> [[joint]], [[band]] (Ph. Bel.), <b class="b3">κοίνωσις</b> [[intercourse]] (Plu.).<br />Origin: IE [Indo-European] [612] <b class="b2">*kom</b> [[with]]<br />Etymology: If <b class="b3">κοινός</b> stands for <b class="b3">*κονι̯ός</b>, it agrees (through older <b class="b3">*κομι̯ός</b> or to CGr. <b class="b3">*κον</b>?, Schwyzer 309) with an Italo-Celtic preposition (prefix), e. g. Lat. [[cum]], <b class="b2">com-</b> (<b class="b2">con-</b>), Gaul. <b class="b2">com-</b> <b class="b2">with, together with</b>, IE. adverb <b class="b2">*kom</b> [[together]]; here prob. also the prefixes Germ., e. g. Goth. <b class="b2">ga-</b>, Alb. <b class="b2">kë-</b> <b class="b2">with-</b>. - Wrong older interpretations in Bq. | |etymtx=Grammatical information: adj.<br />Meaning: [[common]], [[public]], [[usual]], [[impartial]], <b class="b3">τὸ κοινόν</b> <b class="b2">the community, common good, public, leading authority, league</b> (IA., Hes.; Hom. has <b class="b3">ξυνός</b>);<br />Compounds: several compp.<br />Derivatives: 1. <b class="b3">*κοινάων</b> (Schwyzer 521, Chantraine Formation 163) > Dor. Arc. <b class="b3">κοινάν</b>, <b class="b3">-ᾶνος</b> m. (Pi., Lokris, Tegea), Att. <b class="b3">κοινεών</b>, <b class="b3">-ῶνος</b> m. (E. HF 149, 340), <b class="b3">κοινών</b>, <b class="b3">-ῶνος</b> m. (X. Cyr.; nach <b class="b3">κοινωνέω</b> etc.) <b class="b2">fellow-traveller, companion</b>; from there Dor. <b class="b3">κοινανέω</b> (Dor. treaty ap. Th. 5, 79, 1; Argos, Delphi), Att. <b class="b3">κοινωνέω</b> (for <b class="b3">*κοινεωνέω</b>) <b class="b2">be participater, participate</b> with <b class="b3">κοινανία</b> (Pi.), Att. <b class="b3">κοινωνία</b> [[community]], [[share]] and <b class="b3">κοινωνός</b> <b class="b2">companion etc.</b> (prob. backformation; Leumann Hom. Wörter 224 n., Mom. 3); from there <b class="b3">κοινανικός</b> (Archyt.), <b class="b3">κοινωνικός</b> (Att.) [[common]], [[social]]; <b class="b3">κοινωνιμαῖος</b> <b class="b2">regarding the community</b> (pap.; Chantraine Formation 49, Mél. Maspéro 2, 220); from <b class="b3">κοινωνέω</b> also <b class="b3">κοινώνημα</b> (Pl., Arist.). - Further nominal derivv.: 2. <b class="b3">κοινότης</b> f. [[community]], [[affability]] (Att., hell.); 3. <b class="b3">κοινεῖον</b> <b class="b2">public hall, community etc.</b> (inscr.); 4. <b class="b3">κοινάριον</b> dimin. of <b class="b3">κοινόν</b> (written [[cynarium]], CIL 13, 10021, 199). - Denomin. verb <b class="b3">κοινόω</b>, <b class="b3">-όομαι</b> <b class="b2">makre communal, share</b>, also <b class="b2">make communal, profanate</b>, midd. <b class="b2">act as member of a community, participate, ask for advice</b> (IA; Pi. aor. <b class="b3">κοινᾶσαι</b>) with <b class="b3">κοίνωμα</b>, <b class="b3">-μάτιον</b> [[joint]], [[band]] (Ph. Bel.), <b class="b3">κοίνωσις</b> [[intercourse]] (Plu.).<br />Origin: IE [Indo-European] [612] <b class="b2">*kom</b> [[with]]<br />Etymology: If <b class="b3">κοινός</b> stands for <b class="b3">*κονι̯ός</b>, it agrees (through older <b class="b3">*κομι̯ός</b> or to CGr. <b class="b3">*κον</b>?, Schwyzer 309) with an Italo-Celtic preposition (prefix), e. g. Lat. [[cum]], <b class="b2">com-</b> (<b class="b2">con-</b>), Gaul. <b class="b2">com-</b> <b class="b2">with, together with</b>, IE. adverb <b class="b2">*kom</b> [[together]]; here prob. also the prefixes Germ., e. g. Goth. <b class="b2">ga-</b>, Alb. <b class="b2">kë-</b> <b class="b2">with-</b>. - Wrong older interpretations in Bq. | ||
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{{mdlsj | |||
|mdlsjtxt=[[κοινός]], ή, όν [from ξύν = σύν, cf. [[ξυνός]]<br /><b class="num">I.</b> [[common]], shared in [[common]], opp. to [[ἴδιος]], Hes., [[attic]]; [[proverb]]., κοινὸν [[τύχη]] Aesch.; κοινὰ τὰ τῶν [[φίλων]] Eur.<br /><b class="num">2.</b> c. dat., κ. τινι [[common]] to or with [[another]], Aesch.; also c. gen., πάντων κ. [[φάος]] Aesch.<br /><b class="num">II.</b> [[common]] to all the [[people]], [[common]], [[public]], [[general]], Hdt., Thuc., etc.<br /><b class="num">III.</b> τὸ κοινόν the [[state]], Lat. [[respublica]], Hdt., [[attic]]<br /><b class="num">2.</b> the [[government]], [[public]] authorities, Thuc., Xen.; ἀπὸ τοῦ κοινοῦ by [[public]] [[authority]], Hdt.; [[ἄνευ]] τοῦ τῶν πάντων κοινοῦ without [[consent]] of the [[league]], Thuc.<br /><b class="num">3.</b> the [[public]] [[treasury]], Hdt., Thuc.<br /><b class="num">4.</b> τὰ κοινά [[public]] affairs, Oratt.; πρὸς τὰ κοινὰ προσελθεῖν, προσιέναι to [[enter]] [[public]] [[life]], Dem., etc.; also the [[public]] [[money]], Ar.<br /><b class="num">IV.</b> [[common]], [[ordinary]], [[usual]], Plat., etc.<br /><b class="num">V.</b> of Persons, of [[common]] [[origin]] or [[kindred]], esp. of brothers and sisters, Pind., Soph.<br /><b class="num">2.</b> like [[κοινωνός]], a [[partner]], Soph., Ar.<br /><b class="num">3.</b> [[lending]] a [[ready]] ear to all, [[impartial]], Thuc., Plat.:— [[courteous]], [[affable]], Xen.<br /><b class="num">4.</b> of events, κοινότεραι τύχαι [[more]] [[impartial]] (i. e. [[more]] [[equal]]) chances, Thuc.<br /><b class="num">VI.</b> of meats, [[common]], [[profane]], NTest.<br />B. adv. [[κοινῶς]], in [[common]], [[jointly]], opp. to [[ἰδίᾳ]], Eur., etc.<br /><b class="num">2.</b> [[publicly]], Thuc., etc.<br /><b class="num">3.</b> [[sociably]], like [[other]] citizens, Arist., Plut.<br /><b class="num">4.</b> in [[common]] [[language]] or [[fashion]], Plut.<br /><b class="num">II.</b> so fem. dat. [[κοινῇ]], in [[common]], by [[common]] [[consent]], in [[concert]], Hdt., Soph., Eur.<br /><b class="num">2.</b> [[publicly]], Xen.<br /><b class="num">III.</b> so with Preps., ἐς κοινόν in [[common]], Aesch.; εἰς τὸ κ. for [[common]] use, Plat. | |||
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