λόφος: Difference between revisions

{{etym

|etymtx=Grammatical information: m.<br />Meaning: <b class="b2">neck of drawing animals and men, crest of a helmet, crest of a hill</b> (Il.), also <b class="b2">crest or tuft on the head of birds, of feathers or flesh</b> (Simon., Hdt., Ar., Arist.).<br />Compounds: Often as 2. member, e.g. <b class="b3">γή-</b>, <b class="b3">γεώ-λοφος</b> <b class="b2">earth-hill</b> (Pl., X.) with illuminating first member (Risch IF 59, 268); rarely as 1. member, e.g. (<b class="b3">τὰ</b>) <b class="b3">λόφουρα</b> <b class="b2">with crest-like tail</b>, of drawing-animals and animals of burden (horses, asses, <b class="b3">τὰ ὑποζύγια</b>) as opposed to ruminants (Arist., Thphr., hell. inscr.). - Side-form <b class="b3">λόφη</b> f. [[comb]] (D.S.; after <b class="b3">κόμη</b>?).<br />Derivatives: 1. Diminut.: <b class="b3">λόφιον</b> <b class="b2">small crest of helmet</b> (sch.), <b class="b3">λοφίδιον</b> <b class="b2">small hill</b> (Ael.). Other substant.: 2. <b class="b3">λοφιά</b>, Ion. <b class="b3">-ιή</b> f. <b class="b2">comb for manes, hair-, breast, back-fin etc.</b> (τ 446, also Hdt., Arist.; cf. Scheller Oxytonierung 72 f.); 3. <b class="b3">λοφεῖον</b> <b class="b2">crest-case</b> (Ar.), also <b class="b3">λοφίς περικεφαλαίας θήκη</b> H. 4. <b class="b3">λοφίας</b> m. <b class="b2">fish with back-fins</b>, denomination of the <b class="b3">φάγρος</b> (Numen. ap. Ath.; like <b class="b3">ἀκανθίας</b> a.o., Chantraine Formation 94), also the first dorsal vertebra' (Poll.); in the last meaning also <b class="b3">λοφαδίας</b> (Poll.; <b class="b3">*λοφάς</b>, <b class="b3">-άδιος</b>); <b class="b3">λοφιήτης</b> m. <b class="b2">inhabitant of a hill</b> (AP, of Pan, after <b class="b3">πολιήτης</b>). 5. <b class="b3">λόφωσις</b> m. <b class="b2">crest ornament</b> (Ar. Av. 291; cf. <b class="b3">ἀέτωσις</b> [s. <b class="b3">αἰετός</b>]). - 6. Adjectives: <b class="b3">λοφώδης</b> <b class="b2">crest-like, hilly</b> (Arist.), <b class="b3">λοφόεις</b> [[crested]], [[hilly]] (Tryph., Nonn.). - 7. Verbs: <b class="b3">λοφάω</b> <b class="b2">be crested</b> (Babr., Ar., H.; after <b class="b3">κομάω</b>, Leumann Hom. Wörter 307 n. 77); <b class="b3">λοφίζω</b> <b class="b2">have the λ. in the hight</b> (Zonar.); <b class="b3">λοφόομαι</b> <b class="b2">rise, form a hill</b> (Eust.). -- 8. Hypostasis: <b class="b3">καταλοφάδεια</b> adv. <b class="b2">hanging down from the neck</b> (κ 169 with metr. conditioned <b class="b3">-εια</b>, cf. <b class="b3">κατωμάδιος</b>, <b class="b3">κατωμαδόν</b>; Chantraine Form. 39, Gramm. hom. 1, 101 u. 176).<br />Origin: XX [etym. unknown]<br />Etymology: As both Alc. (Z 65) and Hdt. (1, 171) consider the helmet-crest as a Carian invention, Schulze Q. 257, 4 sees in <b class="b3">λόφος</b> as <b class="b2">crest of the helmet</b> a Carian LW [loanword], which he, certainly wrongly, wants to separate from <b class="b3">λόφος</b> [[neck]]. - An acceptable connection gives Toch. A [[lap]] [[head]] (Schulze Kl. Schr. 252); CSl. ORuss. [[lъbъ]] [[skull]] with OCS [[lъbьnъ]] <b class="b2">belonging to the skull</b> (with Russ. [[lob]] [[front]], Ukr. [[ɫob]] [[front]], [[head]]) presents serious difficulties because of the vowel. Uncertain Illyr. PN <b class="b2">Otto-(Atto-)lobus</b> (Mayer Glotta 32, 83). - Lit. in Vasmer Wb. s. [[lob]], Sadnik-Aitzetmüller Hwb. zu den aksl. Texten 264 (No. 486), v. Windekens Lex. étym. s. lap. Wrong IE etymologies are rejected by Bq.

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