ὄρχις: Difference between revisions

{{etym

|etymtx=Grammatical information: m.<br />Meaning: [[testicles]] (IA.); also as a plant name [[orchis]], [[orchid]] (because of the root's shape; Thphr., Dsc.), <b class="b2">sort of olive</b> (after the fruit's shape; Colum.; Strömberg 37 a. 55).<br />Other forms: <b class="b3">-εως</b>, Ion. <b class="b3">-ιος</b>, mostly pl. <b class="b3">-εις</b>, <b class="b3">-ιες</b>.<br />Compounds: Compp., e.g. <b class="b3">ὀρχί-πεδα</b> n. pl. [[scrota]], [[testicles]] (Ar.; cf. Risch IF 59, 15) with <b class="b3">-πεδίζω</b> (Ar., H.); <b class="b3">ἔν-ορχις</b> <b class="b2">provided with testicles, uncastrated</b> (Hdt., Luc.), also <b class="b3">ἔν-ορχ-ος</b> (Ψ 147, Hp.; on the stemfomation Sommer Nominalkomp. 111 f.), <b class="b3">ἐν-όρχ-ης</b> also [[buck]] (Ar., Arist., Theoc.; <b class="b3">-ης</b> substantiv., Schwyzer 451), <b class="b3">-ής</b> (MiletosVIa, with shift to the <b class="b3">σ-</b>stems, Schw. 513).<br />Derivatives: Dimin. <b class="b3">ὀρχίδια</b> pl. n. (Dsc.) and <b class="b3">ὀρχάς</b>, <b class="b3">-άδος</b> f. <b class="b2">sort of olive</b> (Nic., Verg.; like <b class="b3">κοτινάς</b> a.o., Chantraine Form. 353).<br />Origin: IE [Indo-European] [782] <b class="b2">*h₃erǵʰ-</b> [[testicle]].<br />Etymology: Old inherited word, in several languages retained. With <b class="b3">ὄρχις</b> agree, ignoring enlargements, Arm. <b class="b2">orj-ik`</b> pl. [[testicles]], gen. <b class="b2">-woc̣</b> (IE <b class="b2">*orǵhi-i̯o-</b>), Alb. <b class="b2">herdhë</b> f. <b class="b2">id.</b>, MIr. [[uirgge]] f. <b class="b2">id.</b> (both IE <b class="b2">*orghi-i̯a</b>?); only in ablaut deviates Av. [[ǝrǝzi]] m. du. <b class="b2">id.</b> (IE <b class="b2">*r̥ǵhī</b>). An <b class="b2">l-</b>deriv. has Balt., e.g. Lith. <b class="b2">er̃žilas</b>, dial. <b class="b2">ar̃ž-</b> m. [[stallion]]. -- Details e. lit. in WP. 1, 182f., Pok. 782, Fraenkel Wb. s.v.

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